Module vedo.plotter
This module defines the main class Plotter to manage actors and 3D rendering
Expand source code
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os.path
import sys
import time
import numpy as np
import vedo
import vedo.addons as addons
import vedo.backends as backends
import vedo.utils as utils
from vedo import settings
import vtk
__doc__ = """
This module defines the main class Plotter to manage actors and 3D rendering
.. image:: https://vedo.embl.es/images/basic/multirenderers.png
"""
__all__ = [
"Plotter",
"show",
"interactive", # deprecated
"close",
]
##################################################################################
def _embedWindow(backend='ipyvtk'):
# check availability of backend by just returning its name
if not backend:
return None ####################
else:
if any(['SPYDER' in name for name in os.environ]):
return None
try:
get_ipython()
except NameError:
return None
backend = backend.lower()
if backend=='k3d':
try:
import k3d
return backend
if k3d._version.version_info != (2, 7, 4):
vedo.logger.warning('Only k3d version 2.7.4 is currently supported')
except ModuleNotFoundError:
vedo.logger.error('Could not load k3d try:\n> pip install k3d==2.7.4')
print(flush=True)
elif 'ipygany' in backend: # ipygany
try:
import ipygany
return backend
except ModuleNotFoundError:
vedo.logger.error('Could not load ipygany try:\n> pip install ipygany')
print(flush=True)
elif 'itk' in backend: # itkwidgets
try:
import itkwidgets
return backend
except ModuleNotFoundError:
vedo.logger.error('Could not load itkwidgets try:\n> pip install itkwidgets')
print(flush=True)
elif backend.lower() == '2d':
return backend
elif backend =='panel':
try:
import panel
panel.extension('vtk')
return backend
except:
vedo.logger.error('Could not load panel try:\n> pip install panel')
elif 'ipyvtk' in backend:
try:
from ipyvtklink.viewer import ViewInteractiveWidget
return backend
except ModuleNotFoundError:
vedo.logger.error('Could not load ipyvtklink try:\n> pip install ipyvtklink')
print(flush=True)
else:
vedo.logger.error("Unknown backend" + str(backend))
raise RuntimeError()
return None
########################################################################################################
def show(*actors,
at=None,
shape=(1, 1),
N=None,
pos=(0, 0),
size="auto",
screensize="auto",
title="vedo",
bg="white",
bg2=None,
axes=None,
interactive=None,
offscreen=False,
sharecam=True,
resetcam=True,
zoom=None,
viewup="",
azimuth=0,
elevation=0,
roll=0,
camera=None,
mode=0,
q=False,
new=False,
backend=None,
):
"""
Create on the fly an instance of class Plotter and show the object(s) provided.
Allowed input objects types are:
``str, Mesh, Volume, Picture, Assembly
vtkPolyData, vtkActor, vtkActor2D, vtkImageActor,
vtkAssembly or vtkVolume``
Parameters
----------
at : int, optional
number of the renderer to plot to, in case of more than one exists
shape : list, str, optional
Number of sub-render windows inside of the main window. E.g.:
specify two across with shape=(2,1) and a two by two grid
with shape=(2, 2). By default there is only one renderer.
Can also accept a shape as string descriptor. E.g.:
- shape="3|1" means 3 plots on the left and 1 on the right,
- shape="4/2" means 4 plots on top of 2 at bottom.
axes : int, optional
set the type of axes to be shown:
- 0, no axes
- 1, draw three gray grid walls
- 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 4, show a triad at bottom left
- 5, show a cube at bottom left
- 6, mark the corners of the bounding box
- 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes
- 8, show the vtkCubeAxesActor object
- 9, show the bounding box outLine
- 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box
- 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane
- 12, show polar axes
- 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window
Axis type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary.
Check addons.Axes() for the full list of options.
azimuth/elevation/roll : float, optional
move camera accordingly the specified value
viewup: str, list
either ['x', 'y', 'z'] or a vector to set vertical direction
resetcam : bool
re-adjust camera position to fit objects
camera : dict, vtkCamera
camera parameters can further be specified with a dictionary
assigned to the ``camera`` keyword (E.g. `show(camera={'pos':(1,2,3), 'thickness':1000,})`)
- pos, `(list)`, the position of the camera in world coordinates
- focalPoint `(list)`, the focal point of the camera in world coordinates
- viewup `(list)`, the view up direction for the camera
- distance `(float)`, set the focal point to the specified distance from the camera position.
- clippingRange `(float)`, distance of the near and far clipping planes along the direction of projection.
- parallelScale `(float)`,
scaling used for a parallel projection, i.e. the height of the viewport
in world-coordinate distances. The default is 1. Note that the "scale" parameter works as
an "inverse scale", larger numbers produce smaller images.
This method has no effect in perspective projection mode.
- thickness `(float)`,
set the distance between clipping planes. This method adjusts the far clipping
plane to be set a distance 'thickness' beyond the near clipping plane.
- viewAngle `(float)`,
the camera view angle, which is the angular height of the camera view
measured in degrees. The default angle is 30 degrees.
This method has no effect in parallel projection mode.
The formula for setting the angle up for perfect perspective viewing is:
angle = 2*atan((h/2)/d) where h is the height of the RenderWindow
(measured by holding a ruler up to your screen) and d is the distance
from your eyes to the screen.
interactive : bool
pause and interact with window (True) or continue execution (False)
rate : float
maximum rate of `show()` in Hertz
mode : int, str
set the type of interaction
- 0 = TrackballCamera [default]
- 1 = TrackballActor
- 2 = JoystickCamera
- 3 = JoystickActor
- 4 = Flight
- 5 = RubberBand2D
- 6 = RubberBand3D
- 7 = RubberBandZoom
- 8 = Context
- 9 = 3D
- 10 = Terrain
- 11 = Unicam
q : bool
force program to quit after `show()` command returns.
new : bool
if set to `True`, a call to show will instantiate
a new Plotter object (a new window) instead of reusing the first created.
"""
if len(actors) == 0:
actors = None
elif len(actors) == 1:
actors = actors[0]
else:
actors = utils.flatten(actors)
if vedo.plotter_instance and not new: # Plotter exists
plt = vedo.plotter_instance
else: # Plotter must be created
if utils.isSequence(at): # user passed a sequence for "at"
if not utils.isSequence(actors):
vedo.logger.error("in show() input must be a list.")
raise RuntimeError()
if len(at) != len(actors):
vedo.logger.error("in show() lists 'input' and 'at' must have equal lengths")
raise RuntimeError()
if shape==(1, 1) and N is None:
N = max(at) + 1
elif at is None and (N or shape != (1, 1)):
if not utils.isSequence(actors):
e = "in show(), N or shape is set, but input is not a sequence\n"
e+= " you may need to specify e.g. at=0"
vedo.logger.error(e)
raise RuntimeError()
at = list(range(len(actors)))
plt = Plotter(
shape=shape,
N=N,
pos=pos,
size=size,
screensize=screensize,
title=title,
axes=axes,
sharecam=sharecam,
resetcam=resetcam,
interactive=interactive,
offscreen=offscreen,
bg=bg,
bg2=bg2,
backend=backend,
)
# use _plt_to_return because plt.show() can return a k3d/panel plot
_plt_to_return = None
if utils.isSequence(at):
for i, act in enumerate(actors):
_plt_to_return = plt.show(
act,
at=i,
zoom=zoom,
resetcam=resetcam,
viewup=viewup,
azimuth=azimuth,
elevation=elevation,
roll=roll,
camera=camera,
interactive=False,
mode=mode,
bg=bg,
bg2=bg2,
axes=axes,
q=q,
)
if interactive or len(at)==N \
or (isinstance(shape[0],int) and len(at)==shape[0]*shape[1]):
# note that shape can be a string
if not offscreen and (interactive is None or interactive):
plt.interactor.Start()
else:
_plt_to_return = plt.show(
actors,
at=at,
zoom=zoom,
resetcam=resetcam,
viewup=viewup,
azimuth=azimuth,
elevation=elevation,
roll=roll,
camera=camera,
interactive=interactive,
mode=mode,
bg=bg,
bg2=bg2,
axes=axes,
q=q,
)
return _plt_to_return
def interactive():
"""Please use plotter.interactive() or show(..., interactive=True) instead"""
vedo.logger.warning("Deprecation: please use plotter.interactive()\n"+
" or show(..., interactive=True)")
if vedo.plotter_instance:
if vedo.plotter_instance.escaped: # just return
return vedo.plotter_instance
if hasattr(vedo.plotter_instance, 'interactor'):
if vedo.plotter_instance.interactor:
vedo.plotter_instance.interactor.Start()
return vedo.plotter_instance
def close():
"""Close the last created Plotter instance if it exists."""
if not vedo.plotter_instance:
return
vedo.plotter_instance.close()
return
########################################################################
class Plotter:
"""
Main class to manage actors.
Parameters
----------
shape : str, list
shape of the grid of renderers in format (rows, columns). Ignored if N is specified.
N : int
number of desired renderers arranged in a grid automatically.
pos : list
(x,y) position in pixels of top-left corner of the rendering window on the screen
size : str, list
size of the rendering window. If 'auto', guess it based on screensize.
screensize : list
physical size of the monitor screen in pixels
bg : color, str
background color or specify jpg image file name with path
bg2 : color
background color of a gradient towards the top
axes : int
- 0, no axes
- 1, draw three gray grid walls
- 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 4, show a triad at bottom left
- 5, show a cube at bottom left
- 6, mark the corners of the bounding box
- 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes
- 8, show the VTK CubeAxesActor object
- 9, show the bounding box outLine,
- 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box,
- 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane (use with zoom=8)
- 12, show polar axes.
- 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window
Note that Axes type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary axes=dict().
Check Axes() for the available options.
sharecam : bool
if False each renderer will have an independent vtkCamera
interactive : bool
if True will stop after show() to allow interaction w/ window
offscreen : bool
if True will not show the rendering window
qtWidget : QVTKRenderWindowInteractor
render in a Qt-Widget using an QVTKRenderWindowInteractor.
Overrides offscreen to True.
Overrides interactive to False.
See Also: Example qt_windows1.py and qt_windows2.py
"""
def __init__(
self,
shape=(1, 1),
N=None,
pos=(0, 0),
size="auto",
screensize="auto",
title="vedo",
bg="white",
bg2=None,
axes=None,
sharecam=True,
resetcam=True,
interactive=None,
offscreen=False,
qtWidget=None,
wxWidget=None,
backend=None,
):
vedo.notebookBackend = _embedWindow(backend)
vedo.plotter_instance = self
if qtWidget is not None:
# overrides the interactive and offscreen properties
interactive = False
offscreen = True
if wxWidget is not None:
# overrides the interactive property
interactive = False
if interactive is None:
if N==1:
interactive = True
elif N or shape != (1, 1):
interactive = False
else:
interactive = True
self.actors = [] # list of actors to be shown
self.clickedActor = None # holds the actor that has been clicked
self.renderer = None # current renderer
self.renderers = [] # list of renderers
self.shape = shape # don't remove this line
self._interactive = interactive # allows to interact with renderer
self.axes = axes # show axes type nr.
self.title = title # window title
self.sharecam = sharecam # share the same camera if multiple renderers
self.picker = None # the vtkPicker object
self.picked2d = None # 2d coords of a clicked point on the rendering window
self.picked3d = None # 3d coords of a clicked point on an actor
self.offscreen = offscreen
self.resetcam = resetcam
self.qtWidget = qtWidget # QVTKRenderWindowInteractor
self.wxWidget = wxWidget # wxVTKRenderWindowInteractor
self.skybox = None
self.frames = None # holds the output of addons.addRendererFrame
# mostly internal stuff:
self.hoverLegends = []
self.backgrcol = bg
self.pos = pos # used by vedo.io
self.justremoved = None
self.axes_instances = []
self._icol = 0
self.clock = 0
self._clockt0 = time.time()
self.sliders = []
self.buttons = []
self.widgets = []
self.cutterWidget = None
self.flagWidget = None
self._flagRep = None
self.scalarbars = []
self.backgroundRenderer = None
self.keyPressFunction = None # obsolete! use plotter.callBack()
self.mouseLeftClickFunction = None # obsolete! use plotter.callBack()
self.mouseMiddleClickFunction = None # obsolete! use plotter.callBack()
self.mouseRightClickFunction = None # obsolete! use plotter.callBack()
self._first_viewup = True
self._extralight = None
self.size = size
self.interactor = None
self.camera = None
self.keyheld = ''
#####################################################################
notebookBackend = vedo.notebookBackend
if notebookBackend:
if notebookBackend == '2d':
self.offscreen = True
if self.size == "auto":
self.size = (900, 700)
elif notebookBackend == "k3d" or "ipygany" in notebookBackend:
self._interactive = False
self.interactor = None
self.window = None
self.camera = None # let the backend choose
if self.size == "auto":
self.size = (1000, 1000)
#############################################################
return ######################################################
#############################################################
#####################################################################
# build the rendering window:
self.window = vtk.vtkRenderWindow()
self.escaped = False
self.window.GlobalWarningDisplayOff()
self.window.SetWindowName(self.title)
self._repeating_timer_id = None
self._timer_event_id = None
# more settings
if settings.useDepthPeeling:
self.window.SetAlphaBitPlanes(settings.alphaBitPlanes)
self.window.SetMultiSamples(settings.multiSamples)
self.window.SetPolygonSmoothing(settings.polygonSmoothing)
self.window.SetLineSmoothing(settings.lineSmoothing)
self.window.SetPointSmoothing(settings.pointSmoothing)
# sort out screen size
if screensize == "auto":
screensize = (2160, 1440) # might go wrong, use a default 1.5 ratio
### BUG in GetScreenSize in VTK 9.1.0
### https://discourse.vtk.org/t/vtk9-1-0-problems/7094/3
if settings.hackCallScreenSize: # True
vtkvers = vedo.vtk_version
if not self.offscreen and (vtkvers[0]<9 or vtkvers[0]==9 and vtkvers[1]==0):
aus = self.window.GetScreenSize()
if aus and len(aus) == 2 and aus[0] > 100 and aus[1] > 100: # seems ok
if aus[0] / aus[1] > 2: # looks like there are 2 or more screens
screensize = (int(aus[0] / 2), aus[1])
else:
screensize = aus
x, y = screensize
if N: # N = number of renderers. Find out the best
if shape != (1, 1): # arrangement based on minimum nr. of empty renderers
vedo.logger.warning("having set N, shape is ignored.")
nx = int(np.sqrt(int(N * y / x) + 1))
ny = int(np.sqrt(int(N * x / y) + 1))
lm = [
(nx, ny),
(nx, ny + 1),
(nx - 1, ny),
(nx + 1, ny),
(nx, ny - 1),
(nx - 1, ny + 1),
(nx + 1, ny - 1),
(nx + 1, ny + 1),
(nx - 1, ny - 1),
]
ind, minl = 0, 1000
for i, m in enumerate(lm):
l = m[0] * m[1]
if N <= l < minl:
ind = i
minl = l
shape = lm[ind]
##################################################
if isinstance(shape, str):
if '|' in shape:
if self.size == "auto":
self.size = (800, 1200)
n = int(shape.split('|')[0])
m = int(shape.split('|')[1])
rangen = reversed(range(n))
rangem = reversed(range(m))
else:
if self.size == "auto":
self.size = (1200, 800)
m = int(shape.split('/')[0])
n = int(shape.split('/')[1])
rangen = range(n)
rangem = range(m)
if n>=m:
xsplit = m/(n+m)
else:
xsplit = 1-n/(n+m)
if settings.windowSplittingPosition:
xsplit = settings.windowSplittingPosition
for i in rangen:
arenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer()
if '|' in shape:
arenderer.SetViewport(0, i/n, xsplit, (i+1)/n)
else:
arenderer.SetViewport(i/n, 0, (i+1)/n, xsplit )
self.renderers.append(arenderer)
for i in rangem:
arenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer()
if '|' in shape:
arenderer.SetViewport(xsplit, i/m, 1, (i+1)/m)
else:
arenderer.SetViewport(i/m, xsplit, (i+1)/m, 1)
self.renderers.append(arenderer)
for r in self.renderers:
r.SetUseHiddenLineRemoval(settings.hiddenLineRemoval)
r.SetLightFollowCamera(settings.lightFollowsCamera)
r.SetUseDepthPeeling(settings.useDepthPeeling)
#r.SetUseDepthPeelingForVolumes(settings.useDepthPeeling)
if settings.useDepthPeeling:
r.SetMaximumNumberOfPeels(settings.maxNumberOfPeels)
r.SetOcclusionRatio(settings.occlusionRatio)
r.SetUseFXAA(settings.useFXAA)
r.SetPreserveDepthBuffer(settings.preserveDepthBuffer)
r.SetBackground(vedo.getColor(self.backgrcol))
self.axes_instances.append(None)
self.shape = (n+m,)
elif utils.isSequence(shape) and isinstance(shape[0], dict):
# passing a sequence of dicts for renderers specifications
if self.size == "auto":
self.size = (1200,900)
for rd in shape:
x0, y0 = rd['bottomleft']
x1, y1 = rd['topright']
bg_ = rd.pop('bg', 'white')
bg2_ = rd.pop('bg2', None)
arenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer()
arenderer.SetUseHiddenLineRemoval(settings.hiddenLineRemoval)
arenderer.SetLightFollowCamera(settings.lightFollowsCamera)
arenderer.SetUseDepthPeeling(settings.useDepthPeeling)
#arenderer.SetUseDepthPeelingForVolumes(settings.useDepthPeeling)
if settings.useDepthPeeling:
arenderer.SetMaximumNumberOfPeels(settings.maxNumberOfPeels)
arenderer.SetOcclusionRatio(settings.occlusionRatio)
arenderer.SetUseFXAA(settings.useFXAA)
arenderer.SetPreserveDepthBuffer(settings.preserveDepthBuffer)
arenderer.SetViewport(x0, y0, x1, y1)
arenderer.SetBackground(vedo.getColor(bg_))
if bg2_:
arenderer.GradientBackgroundOn()
arenderer.SetBackground2(vedo.getColor(bg2_))
self.renderers.append(arenderer)
self.axes_instances.append(None)
self.shape = (len(shape),)
else:
if self.size == "auto": # figure out a reasonable window size
f = 1.5
xs = y / f * shape[1] # because y<x
ys = y / f * shape[0]
if xs > x / f: # shrink
xs = x / f
ys = xs / shape[1] * shape[0]
if ys > y / f:
ys = y / f
xs = ys / shape[0] * shape[1]
self.size = (int(xs), int(ys))
if shape == (1, 1):
self.size = (int(y / f), int(y / f)) # because y<x
else:
self.size = (self.size[0], self.size[1])
image_actor=None
bgname = str(self.backgrcol).lower()
if ".jpg" in bgname or ".jpeg" in bgname or ".png" in bgname:
self.window.SetNumberOfLayers(2)
self.backgroundRenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer()
self.backgroundRenderer.SetLayer(0)
self.backgroundRenderer.InteractiveOff()
self.backgroundRenderer.SetBackground(vedo.getColor(bg2))
image_actor = vedo.Picture(self.backgrcol)
self.window.AddRenderer(self.backgroundRenderer)
self.backgroundRenderer.AddActor(image_actor)
for i in reversed(range(shape[0])):
for j in range(shape[1]):
arenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer()
arenderer.SetUseHiddenLineRemoval(settings.hiddenLineRemoval)
arenderer.SetLightFollowCamera(settings.lightFollowsCamera)
arenderer.SetTwoSidedLighting(settings.twoSidedLighting)
arenderer.SetUseDepthPeeling(settings.useDepthPeeling)
#arenderer.SetUseDepthPeelingForVolumes(settings.useDepthPeeling)
if settings.useDepthPeeling:
arenderer.SetMaximumNumberOfPeels(settings.maxNumberOfPeels)
arenderer.SetOcclusionRatio(settings.occlusionRatio)
arenderer.SetUseFXAA(settings.useFXAA)
arenderer.SetPreserveDepthBuffer(settings.preserveDepthBuffer)
if image_actor:
arenderer.SetLayer(1)
arenderer.SetBackground(vedo.getColor(self.backgrcol))
if bg2:
arenderer.GradientBackgroundOn()
arenderer.SetBackground2(vedo.getColor(bg2))
x0 = i / shape[0]
y0 = j / shape[1]
x1 = (i + 1) / shape[0]
y1 = (j + 1) / shape[1]
arenderer.SetViewport(y0, x0, y1, x1)
self.renderers.append(arenderer)
self.axes_instances.append(None)
self.shape = shape
if len(self.renderers):
self.renderer = self.renderers[0]
self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera()
if self.size[0] == 'f': # full screen
self.size = 'fullscreen'
self.window.SetFullScreen(True)
self.window.BordersOn()
else:
self.window.SetSize(int(self.size[0]), int(self.size[1]))
if self.wxWidget is not None:
settings.immediateRendering = False # overrride
self.window = self.wxWidget.GetRenderWindow() # overwrite
self.interactor = self.window.GetInteractor()
for r in self.renderers:
self.window.AddRenderer(r)
self.wxWidget.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera())
self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera()
# if settings.enableDefaultMouseCallbacks:
# self.wxWidget.AddObserver("LeftButtonPressEvent", self._mouseleft)
# self.wxWidget.AddObserver("RightButtonPressEvent", self._mouseright)
# self.wxWidget.AddObserver("MiddleButtonPressEvent", self._mousemiddle)
# if settings.enableDefaultKeyboardCallbacks:
# self.wxWidget.AddObserver("KeyPressEvent", self._keypress)
# self.wxWidget.AddObserver("KeyReleaseEvent", self._keyrelease)
########################
return #################
########################
if self.qtWidget is not None:
self.interactor = self.qtWidget.GetRenderWindow().GetInteractor()
self.window = self.qtWidget.GetRenderWindow() # overwrite
########################
return #################
########################
self.window.SetPosition(pos)
for r in self.renderers:
self.window.AddRenderer(r)
if self.offscreen:
if self.axes == 4 or self.axes == 5:
self.axes = 0 #doesn't work with those
self.window.SetOffScreenRendering(True)
self._interactive = False
self.interactor = None
########################
return #################
########################
if vedo.notebookBackend == "panel":
########################
return #################
########################
self.interactor = vtk.vtkRenderWindowInteractor()
# self.interactor.EnableRenderOff()
self.interactor.SetRenderWindow(self.window)
vsty = vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera()
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vsty)
# this is causing crash in clone_viewer if disabled :((
if settings.enableDefaultMouseCallbacks:
self.interactor.AddObserver("LeftButtonPressEvent", self._mouseleft)
self.interactor.AddObserver("RightButtonPressEvent", self._mouseright)
self.interactor.AddObserver("MiddleButtonPressEvent", self._mousemiddle)
if settings.enableDefaultKeyboardCallbacks:
self.interactor.AddObserver("KeyPressEvent", self._keypress)
self.interactor.AddObserver("KeyReleaseEvent", self._keyrelease)
if settings.allowInteraction:
def win_interact(iren, event): # flushing interactor events
if event == "TimerEvent":
iren.ExitCallback()
self._timer_event_id = self.interactor.AddObserver("TimerEvent", win_interact)
return ##############################################################
##################################################################### ..init ends here.
def allowInteraction(self):
"""Call this method from inside a loop to allow mouse and keyboard interaction."""
if self.interactor and self._timer_event_id is not None and settings.immediateRendering:
self._repeatingtimer_id = self.interactor.CreateRepeatingTimer(1)
self.interactor.Start()
if self.interactor:
self.interactor.DestroyTimer(self._repeatingtimer_id)
self._repeatingtimer_id = None
return self
def __iadd__(self, actors):
self.add(actors, render=False)
return self
def __isub__(self, actors):
self.remove(actors, render=False)
return self
def __enter__(self):
# context manager like in "with Plotter() as plt:"
return self
def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs):
# context manager like in "with Plotter() as plt:"
self.close()
return None
def at(self, nren, yren=None):
"""
Select the current renderer number as an int.
Can also use the [nx, ny] format.
"""
if yren is not None:
nren = (yren) * self.shape[1] + (nren)
if nren < 0 or nren > len(self.renderers):
vedo.logger.error(f"at({nren, yren}) is malformed!")
raise RuntimeError
self.renderer = self.renderers[nren]
self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera()
return self
def add(self, *actors, at=None, render=True, resetcam=False):
"""
Append the input objects to the internal list of actors to be shown.
This method is typically used in loops or callback functions.
Parameters
----------
at : int
add the object at the specified renderer
render : bool
render the scene after adding the objects (True by default)
"""
if at is not None:
ren = self.renderers[at]
else:
ren = self.renderer
actors = utils.flatten(actors)
actors = self._scan_input(actors)
for a in actors:
if a not in self.actors:
self.actors.append(a)
if ren:
ren.AddActor(a)
if render:
if not self.interactor.GetInitialized():
vedo.logger.warning("call to add() but Plotter was not initialized with show()")
else:
self.render(resetcam=resetcam)
return self
def remove(self, *actors, at=None, render=False, resetcam=False):
"""
Remove input object to the internal list of actors to be shown.
This method is typically used in loops or callback functions.
Parameters
----------
at : int
remove the object at the specified renderer
render : bool
render the scene after removing the objects (False by default).
"""
if at is not None:
ren = self.renderers[at]
else:
ren = self.renderer
actors = utils.flatten(actors)
for a in actors:
if isinstance(a, str):
for b in self.actors:
if hasattr(b, "name") and a in b.name:
a = b
break
if isinstance(a, str):
continue # did not find that name so skip
if ren:
ren.RemoveActor(a)
if hasattr(a, 'renderedAt'):
ir = self.renderers.index(ren)
a.renderedAt.discard(ir)
if hasattr(a, 'scalarbar') and a.scalarbar:
ren.RemoveActor(a.scalarbar)
if hasattr(a, 'trail') and a.trail:
ren.RemoveActor(a.trail)
a.trailPoints = []
if a in self.actors:
i = self.actors.index(a)
del self.actors[i]
if render:
if not self.interactor.GetInitialized():
vedo.logger.warning("call to remove(resetcam=True) but Plotter was not initialized with show()")
else:
self.render(resetcam=resetcam)
return self
def pop(self, at=None):
"""
Remove the last added object from the rendering window.
This method is typically used in loops or callback functions.
"""
if at is not None and not isinstance(at, int):
# wrong usage pitfall
vedo.logger.error("argment of pop() must be an integer")
raise RuntimeError()
if len(self.actors):
self.remove(self.actors[-1], at)
return self
def render(self, resetcam=False):
"""Render the scene. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions."""
if not self.window:
return self
if self.wxWidget:
if resetcam:
self.renderer.ResetCamera()
self.wxWidget.Render()
return self
if self.qtWidget:
if resetcam:
self.renderer.ResetCamera()
self.qtWidget.Render()
return self
if self.interactor:
if not self.interactor.GetInitialized():
self.interactor.Initialize()
# if at is not None: # disable all except i==at
# self.window.EraseOff()
# if at < 0:
# at = at + len(self.renderers) +1
# for i, ren in enumerate(self.renderers):
# if i != at:
# ren.DrawOff()
if vedo.vtk_version[0] == 9 and "Darwin" in vedo.sys_platform:
for a in self.actors:
if isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume):
self.window.SetMultiSamples(0) # to fix mac OSX BUG vtk9
break
self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera()
if resetcam:
self.renderer.ResetCamera()
if settings.allowInteraction:
self.allowInteraction()
self.window.Render()
# if at is not None: # re-enable all that were disabled
# for i, ren in enumerate(self.renderers):
# if i != at:
# ren.DrawOn()
# self.window.EraseOn()
return self
def interactive(self):
"""
Start window interaction.
Analogous to show(..., interactive=True).
"""
if self.interactor and not self.escaped:
self.interactor.Start()
return self
def enableErase(self, value=True):
"""Enable erasing the redering window between render() calls."""
self.window.SetErase(value)
return self
def enableRenderer(self, at=None, value=True):
"""Enable a render() call to refresh this renderer."""
if at is None:
ren = self.renderer
else:
ren = self.renderers[at]
ren.SetDraw(value)
return self
def useDepthPeeling(self, at=None, value=True):
"""
Specify whether use depth peeling algorithm at this specific renderer
Call this method before the first rendering.
"""
if at is None:
ren = self.renderer
else:
ren = self.renderers[at]
ren.SetUseDepthPeeling(value)
return self
def background(self, c1=None, c2=None, at=None):
"""Set the color of the background for the current renderer.
A different renderer index can be specified by keyword ``at``.
Parameters
----------
c1 : list, optional
background main color.
c2 : list, optional
background color for the upper part of the window.
at : int, optional
renderer index.
"""
if not len(self.renderers):
return self
if at is None:
r = self.renderer
else:
r = self.renderers[at]
if r:
if c1 is not None:
r.SetBackground(vedo.getColor(c1))
if c2 is not None:
r.GradientBackgroundOn()
r.SetBackground2(vedo.getColor(c2))
else:
r.GradientBackgroundOff()
return self
####################################################
def getMeshes(self, at=None, includeNonPickables=False):
"""
Return a list of Meshes from the specified renderer.
Parameters
----------
at : int
specify which renderer to look at.
includeNonPickables : bool
include non-pickable objects
"""
if at is None:
renderer = self.renderer
at = self.renderers.index(renderer)
elif isinstance(at, int):
renderer = self.renderers[at]
has_global_axes = False
if isinstance(self.axes_instances[at], vedo.Assembly):
has_global_axes=True
actors = []
acs = renderer.GetActors()
acs.InitTraversal()
for i in range(acs.GetNumberOfItems()):
a = acs.GetNextItem()
if isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume):
continue
if includeNonPickables or a.GetPickable():
if a == self.axes_instances[at]:
continue
if has_global_axes and a in self.axes_instances[at].actors:
continue
actors.append(a)
return actors
def getVolumes(self, at=None, includeNonPickables=False):
"""
Return a list of Volumes from the specified renderer.
Parameters
----------
at : int
specify which renderer to look at
includeNonPickables : bool
include non-pickable objects
"""
if at is None:
renderer = self.renderer
at = self.renderers.index(renderer)
elif isinstance(at, int):
renderer = self.renderers[at]
vols = []
acs = renderer.GetVolumes()
acs.InitTraversal()
for i in range(acs.GetNumberOfItems()):
a = acs.GetNextItem()
if includeNonPickables or a.GetPickable():
vols.append(a)
return vols
def resetCamera(self, tight=None):
"""
Reset the camera position and zooming.
If tight is specified the zooming reserves a padding space in the xy-plane
expressed in percent of the average size.
"""
if tight is None:
self.renderer.ResetCamera()
else:
x0, x1, y0, y1, z0, z1 = self.renderer.ComputeVisiblePropBounds()
cam = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera()
cam.SetParallelProjection(True)
self.renderer.ComputeAspect()
aspect = self.renderer.GetAspect()
angle = np.pi*cam.GetViewAngle()/180.
dx, dy = (x1-x0)*0.999, (y1-y0)*0.999
dist = max(dx/aspect[0], dy) / np.sin(angle/2) / 2
cam.SetViewUp(0, 1, 0)
cam.SetPosition(x0 + dx/2, y0 + dy/2, dist*(1+tight))
cam.SetFocalPoint(x0 + dx/2, y0 + dy/2, 0)
ps = max(dx/aspect[0], dy) / 2
cam.SetParallelScale(ps*(1+tight))
self.renderer.ResetCameraClippingRange(x0, x1, y0, y1, z0, z1)
return self
def moveCamera(self, camstart, camstop, fraction):
"""
Takes as input two vtkCamera objects and set camera at an intermediate position:
fraction=0 -> camstart, fraction=1 -> camstop.
camstart and camstop can also be dictionaries of format:
dict(pos=..., focalPoint=..., viewup=..., distance=..., clippingRange=...)
Press shift-C key in interactive mode to dump a python snipplet
of parameters for the current camera view.
"""
if fraction > 1:
fraction = 1
if fraction < 0:
fraction = 0
if isinstance(camstart, dict):
p1 = np.asarray(camstart.pop("pos", [0,0,1]))
f1 = np.asarray(camstart.pop("focalPoint", [0,0,0]))
v1 = np.asarray(camstart.pop("viewup", [0,1,0]))
s1 = camstart.pop("distance", None)
c1 = np.asarray(camstart.pop("clippingRange", None))
else:
p1 = np.array(camstart.GetPosition())
f1 = np.array(camstart.GetFocalPoint())
v1 = np.array(camstart.GetViewUp())
c1 = np.array(camstart.GetClippingRange())
s1 = camstart.GetDistance()
if isinstance(camstop, dict):
p2 = np.asarray(camstop.pop("pos", [0,0,1]))
f2 = np.asarray(camstop.pop("focalPoint", [0,0,0]))
v2 = np.asarray(camstop.pop("viewup", [0,1,0]))
s2 = camstop.pop("distance", None)
c2 = np.asarray(camstop.pop("clippingRange", None))
else:
p2 = np.array(camstop.GetPosition())
f2 = np.array(camstop.GetFocalPoint())
v2 = np.array(camstop.GetViewUp())
c2 = np.array(camstop.GetClippingRange())
s2 = camstop.GetDistance()
ufraction = 1 - fraction
self.camera.SetPosition( p2 * fraction + p1 * ufraction)
self.camera.SetFocalPoint(f2 * fraction + f1 * ufraction)
self.camera.SetViewUp (v2 * fraction + v1 * ufraction)
if s1 is not None and s2 is not None :
self.camera.SetDistance(s2 * fraction + s1 * ufraction)
if c1 is not None and c2 is not None:
self.camera.SetClippingRange(c2 * fraction + c1 * ufraction)
return self
def flyTo(self, point, at=0):
"""
Fly camera to the specified point.
Parameters
----------
point : list
point in space to place camera.
at : int, optional
Renderer number.
Example:
.. code-block:: python
from vedo import Cone
Cone().show(axes=1).flyTo([1,0,0]).show()
"""
self.resetcam = False
self.interactor.FlyTo(self.renderers[at], point)
return self
def lookAt(self, plane='xy'):
"""Move the camera so that it looks the specified cartesian plane"""
cam = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera()
fp = np.array(cam.GetFocalPoint())
p = np.array(cam.GetPosition())
dist = np.linalg.norm(fp - p)
plane = plane.lower()
if 'x' in plane and 'y' in plane:
cam.SetPosition(fp[0], fp[1], fp[2] + dist)
cam.SetViewUp(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
elif 'x' in plane and 'z' in plane:
cam.SetPosition(fp[0], fp[1] - dist, fp[2])
cam.SetViewUp(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
elif 'y' in plane and 'z' in plane:
cam.SetPosition(fp[0] + dist, fp[1], fp[2])
cam.SetViewUp(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
else:
vedo.logger.error(f"in plotter.look() cannot understand argument {plane}")
return self
def record(self, filename='.vedo_recorded_events.log'):
"""
Record camera, mouse, keystrokes and all other events.
Recording can be toggled on/off by pressing key "R".
Parameters
----------
filename : str, optional
ascii file to store events. The default is '.vedo_recorded_events.log'.
Returns
-------
events : str
a string descriptor of events.
.. hint:: examples/basic/record_play.py
"""
erec = vtk.vtkInteractorEventRecorder()
erec.SetInteractor(self.interactor)
erec.SetFileName(filename)
erec.SetKeyPressActivationValue("R")
erec.EnabledOn()
erec.Record()
self.interactor.Start()
erec.Stop()
erec.EnabledOff()
with open(filename, 'r') as fl:
events = fl.read()
erec = None
return events
def play(self, events='.vedo_recorded_events.log', repeats=0):
"""
Play camera, mouse, keystrokes and all other events.
Parameters
----------
events : str, optional
file o string of events. The default is '.vedo_recorded_events.log'.
repeats : int, optional
number of extra repeats of the same events. The default is 0.
.. hint:: examples/basic/record_play.py
"""
erec = vtk.vtkInteractorEventRecorder()
erec.SetInteractor(self.interactor)
if events.endswith(".log"):
erec.ReadFromInputStringOff()
erec.SetFileName(events)
else:
erec.ReadFromInputStringOn()
erec.SetInputString(events)
erec.Play()
for _i in range(repeats):
erec.Rewind()
erec.Play()
erec.EnabledOff()
erec = None
return self
def parallelProjection(self, value=True, at=None):
"""
Use parallel projection ``at`` a specified renderer.
Object is seen from "infinite" distance, e.i. remove any perspective effects.
An input value equal to -1 will toggle it on/off.
"""
if at is not None:
r = self.renderers[at]
else:
r = self.renderer
if value == -1:
val = r.GetActiveCamera().GetParallelProjection()
value = not val
r.GetActiveCamera().SetParallelProjection(value)
r.Modified()
return self
##################################################################
def addSlider2D(
self,
sliderfunc,
xmin, xmax,
value=None,
pos=4,
title="",
font="",
titleSize=1,
c=None,
showValue=True,
delayed=False,
**options,
):
"""
Add a slider widget which can call an external custom function.
Parameters
----------
sliderfunc :
external function to be called by the widget
xmin : float
lower value of the slider range
xmax : float
upper value of the slider range
value : float
current value of the slider range
pos : list
position corner number, horizontal [1-5] or vertical [11-15]
it can also be specified by corners coordinates [(x1,y1), (x2,y2)]
title : str
title text
titleSize : float
title text scale [1.0]
font : str
title font
showValue : bool
if true current value is shown
delayed : bool
if True the callback is delayed to when the mouse is released
alpha : float
opacity of the scalar bar texts
sliderLength : float
slider length
sliderWidth : float
slider width
endCapLength : float
length of the end cap
endCapWidth : float
width of the end cap
tubeWidth : float
width of the tube
titleHeight : float
width of the title
tformat : str
format of the title
.. hint:: [sliders1.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/tree/master/examples/basic/sliders1.py), sliders2.py
..image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/50738848-be033480-11d8-11e9-9b1a-c13105423a79.jpg
"""
return addons.addSlider2D(sliderfunc, xmin, xmax, value,
pos, title, font, titleSize, c, showValue, delayed, **options)
def addSlider3D(
self,
sliderfunc,
pos1,
pos2,
xmin,
xmax,
value=None,
s=0.03,
t=1,
title="",
rotation=0,
c=None,
showValue=True,
):
"""Add a 3D slider widget which can call an external custom function.
Parameters
----------
sliderfunc : function
external function to be called by the widget
pos1 : list
first position 3D coordinates
pos2 : list
second position coordinates
xmin : float
lower value
xmax : float
upper value
value : float
initial value
s : float
label scaling factor
t : float
tube scaling factor
title : str
title text
c : color
slider color
rotation : float
title rotation around slider axis
showValue : bool
if True current value is shown
.. hint:: [sliders3d.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/tree/master/examples/basic/sliders3d.py)
..image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/52859555-4efcf200-312d-11e9-9290-6988c8295163.png
"""
return addons.addSlider3D(
sliderfunc, pos1, pos2, xmin, xmax, value, s, t, title, rotation, c, showValue
)
def addButton(
self,
fnc,
states=("On", "Off"),
c=("w", "w"),
bc=("dg", "dr"),
pos=(0.7, 0.05),
size=24,
font="Normografo",
bold=False,
italic=False,
alpha=1,
angle=0,
):
"""
Add a button to the renderer window.
Parameters
----------
states : list
a list of possible states, e.g. ['On', 'Off']
c : list
a list of colors for each state
bc : list
a list of background colors for each state
pos : list
2D position in pixels from left-bottom corner
size : float
size of button font
font : str
font type
bold : bool
bold font face (False)
italic :
italic font face (False)
alpha : float
opacity level
angle : float
anticlockwise rotation in degrees
.. hint:: [buttons.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/blob/master/examples/basic/buttons.py)
.. image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/50738870-c0fe2500-11d8-11e9-9b78-92754f5c5968.jpg
"""
return addons.addButton(fnc, states, c, bc, pos, size, font,
bold, italic, alpha, angle)
def addSplineTool(self, points, pc='k', ps=8, lc='r4', ac='g5', lw=2, closed=False, interactive=False):
"""
Add a spline tool to the current plotter.
Nodes of the spline can be dragged in space with the mouse.
Clicking on the line itself adds an extra point.
Selecting a point and pressing del removes it.
Parameters
----------
points : Mesh, Points, array
the set of vertices forming the spline nodes.
pc : str, optional
point color. The default is 'k'.
ps : str, optional
point size. The default is 8.
lc : str, optional
line color. The default is 'r4'.
ac : str, optional
active point marker color. The default is 'g5'.
lw : int, optional
line width. The default is 2.
closed : bool, optional
spline is meant to be closed. The default is False.
Returns
-------
SplineTool object.
.. hint:: examples/basic/spline_tool.py
"""
sw = addons.SplineTool(points, pc, ps, lc, ac, lw, closed)
if self.interactor:
sw.SetInteractor(self.interactor)
else:
vedo.logger.error("in addSplineTool(), No interactor found.")
raise RuntimeError
sw.On()
sw.Initialize(sw.points.polydata())
if sw.closed:
sw.representation.ClosedLoopOn()
sw.representation.SetRenderer(self.renderer)
sw.representation.BuildRepresentation()
sw.Render()
if interactive:
self.interactor.Start()
else:
self.interactor.Render()
return sw
def addCutterTool(self, obj=None, mode='box', invert=False):
"""Create an interactive tool to cut away parts of a mesh or volume.
Parameters
----------
mode : str
either "box", "plane" or "sphere"
invert : bool
invert selection (inside-out)
.. hint:: [cutter.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/blob/master/examples/basic/cutter.py)
.. image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/50738866-c0658e80-11d8-11e9-955b-551d4d8b0db5.jpg
"""
return addons.addCutterTool(obj, mode, invert)
def addIcon(self, icon, pos=3, size=0.08):
"""Add an inset icon mesh into the same renderer.
Parameters
----------
pos : int, list
icon position in the range [1-4] indicating one of the 4 corners,
or it can be a tuple (x,y) as a fraction of the renderer size.
size : float
size of the square inset.
.. hint:: examples/other/icon.py
"""
return addons.addIcon(icon, pos, size)
def addGlobalAxes(self, axtype=None, c=None):
"""Draw axes on scene. Available axes types:
Parameters
----------
axtype : int
- 0, no axes,
- 1, draw three gray grid walls
- 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 4, show a triad at bottom left
- 5, show a cube at bottom left
- 6, mark the corners of the bounding box
- 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes
- 8, show the vtkCubeAxesActor object
- 9, show the bounding box outLine
- 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box
- 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane
- 12, show polar axes
- 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window
Axis type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary axes=dict().
Example:
.. code-block:: python
from vedo import Box, show
b = Box(pos=(0,0,0), length=80, width=90, height=70).alpha(0)
show(b, axes={ 'xtitle':'Some long variable [a.u.]',
'numberOfDivisions':4,
# ...
}
)
.. hint::
[customAxes1.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/blob/master/examples/pyplot/customAxes1.py)
customAxes2.py, customAxes3.py, customIndividualAxes.py
.. image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/72752870-ab7d5280-3bc3-11ea-8911-9ace00211e23.png
"""
addons.addGlobalAxes(axtype, c)
return self
def addLegendBox(self, **kwargs):
"""Add a legend to the top right.
.. hint:: examples/basic/legendbox.py, examples/other/flag_labels.py
"""
acts = self.getMeshes()
lb = addons.LegendBox(acts, **kwargs)
self.add(lb)
return self
def addShadows(self):
"""Add shadows at the current renderer."""
shadows = vtk.vtkShadowMapPass()
seq = vtk.vtkSequencePass()
passes = vtk.vtkRenderPassCollection()
passes.AddItem(shadows.GetShadowMapBakerPass())
passes.AddItem(shadows)
seq.SetPasses(passes)
camerapass = vtk.vtkCameraPass()
camerapass.SetDelegatePass(seq)
self.renderer.SetPass(camerapass)
return self
def addAmbientOcclusion(self, radius, bias=0.01, blur=True, samples=100):
"""
Screen Space Ambient Occlusion.
For every pixel on the screen, the pixel shader samples the depth values around
the current pixel and tries to compute the amount of occlusion from each of the sampled
points.
Parameters
----------
radius : float
radius of influence in absolute units
bias : float
bias of the normals
blur : bool
add a blurring to the sampled positions
samples : int
number of samples to probe
.. hint:: examples/basic/ssao.py
"""
lightsP = vtk.vtkLightsPass()
opaqueP = vtk.vtkOpaquePass()
ssaoCamP = vtk.vtkCameraPass()
ssaoCamP.SetDelegatePass(opaqueP)
ssaoP = vtk.vtkSSAOPass()
ssaoP.SetRadius(radius)
ssaoP.SetDelegatePass(ssaoCamP)
ssaoP.SetBias(bias)
ssaoP.SetBlur(blur)
ssaoP.SetKernelSize(samples)
translucentP = vtk.vtkTranslucentPass()
volumeP = vtk.vtkVolumetricPass()
ddpP = vtk.vtkDualDepthPeelingPass()
ddpP.SetTranslucentPass(translucentP)
ddpP.SetVolumetricPass(volumeP)
overP = vtk.vtkOverlayPass()
collection = vtk.vtkRenderPassCollection()
collection.AddItem(lightsP)
collection.AddItem(ssaoP)
collection.AddItem(ddpP)
collection.AddItem(overP)
sequence = vtk.vtkSequencePass()
sequence.SetPasses(collection)
camP = vtk.vtkCameraPass()
camP.SetDelegatePass(sequence)
self.renderer.SetPass(camP)
return self
def _addSkybox(self, hdrfile):
# many hdr files are at https://polyhaven.com/all
if utils.vtkVersionIsAtLeast(9):
reader = vtk.vtkHDRReader()
# Check the image can be read.
if not reader.CanReadFile(hdrfile):
vedo.logger.error(f"Cannot read HDR file {hdrfile}")
return self
reader.SetFileName(hdrfile)
reader.Update()
texture = vtk.vtkTexture()
texture.SetColorModeToDirectScalars()
texture.SetInputData(reader.GetOutput())
# Convert to a cube map
tcm = vtk.vtkEquirectangularToCubeMapTexture()
tcm.SetInputTexture(texture)
# Enable mipmapping to handle HDR image
tcm.MipmapOn()
tcm.InterpolateOn()
self.renderer.SetEnvironmentTexture(tcm)
self.renderer.UseImageBasedLightingOn()
self.skybox = vtk.vtkSkybox()
self.skybox.SetTexture(tcm)
self.renderer.AddActor(self.skybox)
else:
vedo.logger.error("addSkyBox not supported in this VTK version. Skip.")
return self
def addRendererFrame(self, c=None, alpha=None, lw=None, padding=None):
"""
Add a frame to the renderer subwindow
Parameters
----------
c : color
color name or index
alpha : float
opacity level
lw : int
line width in pixels.
padding : float
padding space in pixels.
"""
self.frames = addons.addRendererFrame(self, c, alpha, lw, padding)
return self
def addHoverLegend(self,
at=None,
c=None,
pos='bottom-left',
font="Calco",
s=0.75,
bg='auto',
alpha=0.1,
precision=2,
maxlength=24,
useInfo=False,
):
"""Add a legend with 2D text which is triggered by hovering the mouse on an object.
The created text object are stored in plotter.hoverLegends
Parameters
----------
c : color
Text color. If None then black or white is chosen automatically
pos : str
text positioning
font : str
text font type
s : float
text size scale
bg : color
background color of the 2D box containing the text
alpha : float
box transparency
precision : int
number of significant digits
maxlength : int
maximum number of characters per line
useInfo : bool
visualize the content of the obj.info attribute
.. hint:: examples/basic/hoverLegend.py, examples/pyplot/earthquake_browser.py
"""
hoverLegend = vedo.shapes.Text2D('', pos=pos, font=font, c=c, s=s, alpha=alpha, bg=bg)
if at is None:
at = self.renderers.index(self.renderer)
def _legfunc(evt):
# helper function (png not pickable because of alpha channel in vtk9 ??)
if not evt.actor or not self.renderer or at != evt.at:
if hoverLegend._mapper.GetInput(): # clear and return
hoverLegend._mapper.SetInput('')
self.interactor.Render()
return
if useInfo:
if hasattr(evt.actor, "info"):
t = str(evt.actor.info)
else:
return
else:
t, tp = '', ''
if evt.isMesh:
tp = "Mesh "
elif evt.isPoints:
tp = "Points "
# elif evt.isVolume: # todo -not working
# tp = "Volume "
elif evt.isPicture:
tp = "Pict "
elif evt.isAssembly:
tp = "Assembly "
else:
return self
if evt.isAssembly:
if not evt.actor.name:
t += f"Assembly object of {len(evt.actor.unpack())} parts\n"
else:
t += f"Assembly name: {evt.actor.name} ({len(evt.actor.unpack())} parts)"
else:
if evt.actor.name:
t += f"{tp}name"
if evt.isPoints: t += ' '
if evt.isMesh: t += ' '
t += f": {evt.actor.name[:maxlength]}".ljust(maxlength)
if evt.actor.filename:
if evt.actor.name: t +='\n'
t += f"{tp}filename: "
t += f"{os.path.basename(evt.actor.filename[-maxlength:])}".ljust(maxlength)
if not evt.actor.fileSize:
evt.actor.fileSize, evt.actor.created = vedo.io.fileInfo(evt.actor.filename) #BUG?
if evt.actor.fileSize:
t += "\n : "
sz, created = evt.actor.fileSize, evt.actor.created
t += f"{created[4:-5]} ({sz})"
if evt.isPoints:
indata = evt.actor.polydata(False)
if indata.GetNumberOfPoints():
t += f"\n#points/cells: {indata.GetNumberOfPoints()}"\
f" / {indata.GetNumberOfCells()}"
pdata = indata.GetPointData()
cdata = indata.GetCellData()
if pdata.GetScalars() and pdata.GetScalars().GetName():
t += f"\nPoint array : {pdata.GetScalars().GetName()}"
if pdata.GetScalars().GetName() == evt.actor.mapper().GetArrayName():
t += " *"
if cdata.GetScalars() and cdata.GetScalars().GetName():
t += f"\nCell array : {cdata.GetScalars().GetName()}"
if cdata.GetScalars().GetName() == evt.actor.mapper().GetArrayName():
t += " *"
if evt.isPicture:
t = f"{os.path.basename(evt.actor.filename[:maxlength+10])}".ljust(maxlength+10)
t += f"\nImage shape: {evt.actor.shape}"
pcol = self.colorPicker(evt.picked2d)
t += f"\nPixel color: {vedo.colors.rgb2hex(pcol/255)} {pcol}"
# change box color if needed in 'auto' mode
if evt.isPoints and 'auto' in str(bg):
actcol = evt.actor.GetProperty().GetColor()
if hoverLegend._mapper.GetTextProperty().GetBackgroundColor() != actcol:
hoverLegend._mapper.GetTextProperty().SetBackgroundColor(actcol)
# adapt to changes in bg color
bgcol = self.renderers[at].GetBackground()
_bgcol = c
if _bgcol == None: # automatic black or white
_bgcol = (0.9, 0.9, 0.9)
if sum(bgcol) > 1.5:
_bgcol = (0.1, 0.1, 0.1)
if len(set(_bgcol).intersection(bgcol))<3:
hoverLegend.color(_bgcol)
if hoverLegend._mapper.GetInput() != t:
hoverLegend._mapper.SetInput(t)
self.interactor.Render()
self.add(hoverLegend, render=False, at=at)
self.hoverLegends.append(hoverLegend)
self.addCallback('MouseMove', _legfunc)
return self
#####################################################################
def addScaleIndicator(self, pos=(0.7,0.05), s=0.02, length=2,
lw=4, c='k1', alpha=1, units='', gap=0.05):
"""
Add a Scale Indicator. Only works in parallel mode (no perspective).
Parameters
----------
pos : list, optional
fractional (x,y) position on the screen.
s : float, optional
size of the text.
length : float, optional
length of the line.
units : str, optional
string to show units.
gap : float, optional
separation of line and text.
Example
-------
.. code-block:: python
from vedo import settings, Cube, Plotter
settings.useParallelProjection = True # or else it doesnt make sense!
cube = Cube().alpha(0.2)
plt = Plotter(size=(900,600), axes=dict(xtitle='x (um)'))
plt.addScaleIndicator(units='um', c='blue4')
plt.show(cube, "Scale indicator with units")
"""
ppoints = vtk.vtkPoints() # Generate the polyline
psqr = [[0.0,gap], [length/10,gap]]
dd = psqr[1][0] - psqr[0][0]
for i, pt in enumerate(psqr):
ppoints.InsertPoint(i, pt[0], pt[1], 0)
lines = vtk.vtkCellArray()
lines.InsertNextCell(len(psqr))
for i in range(len(psqr)):
lines.InsertCellPoint(i)
pd = vtk.vtkPolyData()
pd.SetPoints(ppoints)
pd.SetLines(lines)
wsx, wsy = self.window.GetSize()
if not settings.useParallelProjection:
vedo.logger.warning("addScaleIndicator called with useParallelProjection OFF. Skip.")
return None
rlabel = vtk.vtkVectorText()
rlabel.SetText('scale')
tf = vtk.vtkTransformPolyDataFilter()
tf.SetInputConnection(rlabel.GetOutputPort())
t = vtk.vtkTransform()
t.Scale(s*wsy/wsx, s, 1)
tf.SetTransform(t)
app = vtk.vtkAppendPolyData()
app.AddInputConnection(tf.GetOutputPort())
app.AddInputData(pd)
mapper = vtk.vtkPolyDataMapper2D()
mapper.SetInputConnection(app.GetOutputPort())
cs = vtk.vtkCoordinate()
cs.SetCoordinateSystem(1)
mapper.SetTransformCoordinate(cs)
fractor = vtk.vtkActor2D()
csys = fractor.GetPositionCoordinate()
csys.SetCoordinateSystem(3)
fractor.SetPosition(pos)
fractor.SetMapper(mapper)
fractor.GetProperty().SetColor(vedo.getColor(c))
fractor.GetProperty().SetOpacity(alpha)
fractor.GetProperty().SetLineWidth(lw)
fractor.GetProperty().SetDisplayLocationToForeground()
def sifunc(iren, ev):
wsx, wsy = self.window.GetSize()
ps = self.camera.GetParallelScale()
newtxt = utils.precision(ps/wsy*wsx*length*dd,3)
if units:
newtxt += ' '+units
if rlabel.GetText() != newtxt:
rlabel.SetText(newtxt)
self.renderer.AddActor(fractor)
self.interactor.AddObserver('MouseWheelBackwardEvent', sifunc)
self.interactor.AddObserver('MouseWheelForwardEvent', sifunc)
self.interactor.AddObserver('InteractionEvent', sifunc)
sifunc(0,0)
return fractor
def addCallback(self, eventName, func, priority=0.0):
"""
Add a function to be executed while show() is active.
Information about the event can be acquired with method getEvent().
Return a unique id for the callback.
The callback function (see example below) exposes a dictionary
with the following information:
- name: event name,
- id: event unique identifier,
- priority: event priority (float),
- interactor: the interactor object,
- at: renderer nr. where the event occured
- actor: object picked by the mouse
- picked3d: point picked in world coordinates
- keyPressed: key pressed as string
- picked2d: screen coords of the mouse pointer
- delta2d: shift wrt previous position (to calculate speed, direction)
- delta3d: ...same but in 3D world coords
- angle2d: angle of mouse movement on screen
- speed2d: speed of mouse movement on screen
- speed3d: speed of picked point in world coordinates
- isPoints: True if of class
- isMesh: True if of class
- isAssembly: True if of class
- isVolume: True if of class Volume
- isPicture: True if of class
Frequently used events are:
- KeyPress, KeyRelease: listen to keyboard events
- LeftButtonPress, LeftButtonRelease: listen to mouse clicks
- MiddleButtonPress, MiddleButtonRelease
- RightButtonPress, RightButtonRelease
- MouseMove: listen to mouse pointer changing position
- MouseWheelForward, MouseWheelBackward
- Enter, Leave: listen to mouse entering or leaving the window
- Pick, StartPick, EndPick: listen to object picking
- ResetCamera, ResetCameraClippingRange
- Error, Warning
- Char
- Timer
Check the complete list of events here:
https://vtk.org/doc/nightly/html/classvtkCommand.html
Example:
.. code-block:: python
from vedo import *
def func(evt): # called every time the mouse moves
# evt is a dotted dictionary
if not evt.actor:
return # no hit, return
print("point coords =", evt.picked3d)
# print("full event dump:", evt)
elli = Ellipsoid()
plt = show(elli, axes=1, interactive=False)
plt.addCallback('MouseMove', func)
interactive()
.. hint:: examples/advanced/spline_draw.py, examples/basic/colorlines.py, ...
"""
if not self.interactor:
return None
# as vtk names are ugly and difficult to remember:
ln = eventName.lower()
if "click" in ln or "button" in ln:
eventName="LeftButtonPress"
if "right" in ln:
eventName="RightButtonPress"
elif "mid" in ln:
eventName="MiddleButtonPress"
if "release" in ln:
# eventName = eventName.replace("Press","Release") # vtk bug
eventName="EndInteraction"
else:
if "key" in ln:
if 'release' in ln:
eventName="KeyRelease"
else:
eventName="KeyPress"
if ("mouse" in ln and "mov" in ln) or "over" in ln:
eventName="MouseMove"
if "timer" in ln:
eventName="Timer"
if not eventName.endswith('Event'):
eventName += 'Event'
def _func_wrap(iren, ename):
x, y = self.interactor.GetEventPosition()
self.renderer = self.interactor.FindPokedRenderer(x, y)
if not self.picker:
self.picker = vtk.vtkPropPicker()
self.picked2d = (x,y)
self.picker.PickProp(x, y, self.renderer)
xp, yp = self.interactor.GetLastEventPosition()
actor = self.picker.GetProp3D()
delta3d = np.array([0,0,0])
if actor:
picked3d = np.array(self.picker.GetPickPosition())
if isinstance(actor, vedo.base.Base3DProp): # needed!
if actor.picked3d is not None:
delta3d = picked3d - actor.picked3d
actor.picked3d = picked3d
else:
picked3d = None
if not actor: # try 2D
actor = self.picker.GetActor2D()
dx, dy = x-xp, y-yp
event_dict = utils.dotdict({
"name": ename,
"title": self.title, # window title, can be used as an id for the Plotter
"id": cid,
"priority": priority,
"at": self.renderers.index(self.renderer),
"actor": actor,
"picked3d": picked3d,
"keyPressed": self.interactor.GetKeySym(),
"picked2d": (x,y),
"delta2d": (dx, dy),
"angle2d": np.arctan2(dy,dx),
"speed2d": np.sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy),
"delta3d": delta3d,
"speed3d": np.sqrt(np.dot(delta3d,delta3d)),
"isPoints": isinstance(actor, vedo.Points),
"isMesh": isinstance(actor, vedo.Mesh),
"isAssembly": isinstance(actor, vedo.Assembly),
"isVolume": isinstance(actor, vedo.Volume),
"isPicture": isinstance(actor, vedo.Picture),
"isActor2D": isinstance(actor, vtk.vtkActor2D),
})
func(event_dict)
return ## _func_wrap
if self._timer_event_id is not None:
# lets remove the existing allowInteraction callback
# to avoid interference with the user one
self.interactor.RemoveObserver(self._timer_event_id)
self._timer_event_id = None
cid = self.interactor.AddObserver(eventName, _func_wrap, priority)
vedo.logger.debug(f'registering event: {eventName} with id={cid}')
return cid
def removeCallback(self, cid):
"""
Remove a callback function by its id
or a whole category of callbacks by their name.
Parameters
----------
cid : int, str
Unique id of the callback. If an event name is passed all callbacks of that type are removed.
"""
if self.interactor:
if isinstance(cid, str):
# as vtk names are ugly and difficult to remember:
ln = cid.lower()
if "click" in ln or "button" in ln:
cid="LeftButtonPress"
if "right" in ln:
cid="RightButtonPress"
elif "mid" in ln:
cid="MiddleButtonPress"
if "release" in ln:
cid.replace("Press","Release")
else:
if "key" in ln:
if 'release' in ln:
cid="KeyRelease"
else:
cid="KeyPress"
if ("mouse" in ln and "mov" in ln) or "over" in ln:
cid="MouseMove"
if "timer" in ln:
cid="Timer"
if not cid.endswith('Event'):
cid += 'Event'
self.interactor.RemoveObservers(cid)
else:
self.interactor.RemoveObserver(cid)
return self
def timerCallback(self, action, timerId=None, dt=10, oneShot=False):
"""
Activate or destroy an existing Timer Event callback.
Parameters
----------
action : str
Either "create" or "destroy"
timerId : int
When destroying the timer, the ID of the timer as returned when created
dt : int
time in milliseconds between each repeated call
oneShot: bool
create a one shot timer of prescribed duration instead of a repeating one
.. hint:: examples/advanced/timer_callback1.py, examples/advanced/timer_callback2.py
"""
if action == "create":
if oneShot:
timer_id = self.interactor.CreateOneShotTimer(dt)
else:
timer_id = self.interactor.CreateRepeatingTimer(dt)
return timer_id
elif action == "destroy":
if timerId is not None:
self.interactor.DestroyTimer(timerId)
else:
e = "in plotter.timer(). Cannot understand action:\n"
e+= " allowed actions: [create, destroy]"
vedo.logger.error(e)
return self
def computeWorldPosition(self, pos2d, at=None, objs=(), bounds=(),
offset=None, pixeltol=None, worldtol=None,
):
"""
Transform a 2D point on the screen into a 3D point inside the rendering scene.
If a set of meshes is passed then points are placed onto these.
Parameters
----------
pos2d : list
2D screen coordinates point.
at : int, optional
renderer number.
objs : list, optional
list of Mesh objects to project the point onto.
bounds : list, optional
specify a bounding box as [xmin,xmax, ymin,ymax, zmin,zmax].
offset : float, optional
specify an offset value.
pixeltol : int, optional
screen tolerance in pixels.
worldtol : float, optional
world coordinates tolerance.
Returns
-------
numpy array
the point in 3D world coordinates.
.. hint:: examples/basic/cutFreeHand.py, examples/basic/mousehover3.py
"""
if at is not None:
renderer = self.renderers[at]
else:
renderer = self.renderer
if not objs:
pp = vtk.vtkFocalPlanePointPlacer()
else:
pp = vtk.vtkPolygonalSurfacePointPlacer()
for ob in objs:
pp.AddProp(ob)
if len(bounds)==6:
pp.SetPointBounds(bounds)
if pixeltol:
pp.SetPixelTolerance(pixeltol)
if worldtol:
pp.SetWorldTolerance(worldtol)
if offset:
pp.SetOffset(offset)
worldPos = [0,0,0]
worldOrient = [0,0,0, 0,0,0, 0,0,0]
pp.ComputeWorldPosition(renderer, pos2d, worldPos, worldOrient)
# validw = pp.ValidateWorldPosition(worldPos, worldOrient)
# validd = pp.ValidateDisplayPosition(renderer, pos2d)
return np.array(worldPos)
def _scan_input(self, wannabeacts):
# scan the input of show
if not utils.isSequence(wannabeacts):
wannabeacts = [wannabeacts]
scannedacts = []
for a in wannabeacts: # scan content of list
if a is None:
pass
elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkActor):
scannedacts.append(a)
if isinstance(a, vedo.base.BaseActor):
if a.shadows:
a._updateShadows()
scannedacts.extend(a.shadows)
if a.trail and a.trail not in self.actors:
a._updateTrail()
scannedacts.append(a.trail)
# trails may also have shadows:
if a.trail.shadows:
a.trail._updateShadows()
scannedacts.extend(a.trail.shadows)
if a._caption and a._caption not in self.actors:
scannedacts.append(a._caption)
elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkActor2D):
scannedacts.append(a)
elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkAssembly):
scannedacts.append(a)
if a.trail and a.trail not in self.actors:
scannedacts.append(a.trail)
elif isinstance(a, (vedo.Volume, vedo.VolumeSlice)):
scannedacts.append(a)
elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkImageData):
scannedacts.append(vedo.Volume(a))
elif isinstance(a, vedo.TetMesh):
# check ugrid is all made of tets
ugrid = a.inputdata()
uarr = ugrid.GetCellTypesArray()
celltypes = np.unique(utils.vtk2numpy(uarr))
ncelltypes = len(celltypes)
if ncelltypes > 1 or (ncelltypes==1 and celltypes[0]!=10):
scannedacts.append(a.tomesh())
else:
if not ugrid.GetPointData().GetScalars():
if not ugrid.GetCellData().GetScalars():
#add dummy array for vtkProjectedTetrahedraMapper to work:
a.addCellArray(np.ones(a.NCells()), 'DummyOneArray')
scannedacts.append(a)
elif isinstance(a, vedo.UGrid):
scannedacts.append(a.tomesh())
elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume): # order matters! dont move above TetMesh
vvol = vedo.Volume(a.GetMapper().GetInput())
vprop = vtk.vtkVolumeProperty()
vprop.DeepCopy(a.GetProperty())
vvol.SetProperty(vprop)
scannedacts.append(vvol)
elif isinstance(a, str):
# assume a 2D comment was given
changed = False # check if one already exists so to just update text
if self.renderer: # might be jupyter
acs = self.renderer.GetActors2D()
acs.InitTraversal()
for i in range(acs.GetNumberOfItems()):
act = acs.GetNextItem()
if isinstance(act, vedo.shapes.Text2D):
aposx, aposy = act.GetPosition()
if aposx<0.01 and aposy>0.99: # "top-left"
act.text(a) # update content! no appending nada
changed = True
break
if not changed:
out = vedo.shapes.Text2D(a) # append a new one
scannedacts.append(out)
elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkImageActor):
scannedacts.append(a)
elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkBillboardTextActor3D):
scannedacts.append(a)
elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkLight):
self.renderer.AddLight(a)
elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkMultiBlockDataSet):
for i in range(a.GetNumberOfBlocks()):
b = a.GetBlock(i)
if isinstance(b, vtk.vtkPolyData):
scannedacts.append(vedo.Mesh(b))
elif isinstance(b, vtk.vtkImageData):
scannedacts.append(vedo.Volume(b))
elif "PolyData" in str(type(a)): # assume pyvista or vtkPolydata
scannedacts.append(vedo.Mesh(a))
elif "dolfin" in str(type(a)): # assume a dolfin.Mesh object
scannedacts.append(vedo.dolfin.MeshActor(a))
elif "trimesh" in str(type(a)):
scannedacts.append(utils.trimesh2vedo(a))
elif "meshlab" in str(type(a)):
if "MeshSet" in str(type(a)):
for i in range(a.number_meshes()):
if a.mesh_id_exists(i):
scannedacts.append(vedo.Mesh(utils.meshlab2vedo(a.mesh(i))))
else:
scannedacts.append(vedo.Mesh(utils.meshlab2vedo(a)))
else:
vedo.logger.error(f"cannot understand input in show(): {type(a)}")
return scannedacts
def show(self,
*actors,
at=None,
axes=None,
resetcam=None,
zoom=False,
interactive=None,
viewup="",
azimuth=0,
elevation=0,
roll=0,
camera=None,
mode=0,
rate=None,
bg=None,
bg2=None,
size=None,
title=None,
q=False,
):
"""
Render a list of actors.
Parameters
----------
at : int, optional
number of the renderer to plot to, in case of more than one exists
shape : list, str, optional
Number of sub-render windows inside of the main window. E.g.:
specify two across with shape=(2,1) and a two by two grid
with shape=(2, 2). By default there is only one renderer.
Can also accept a shape as string descriptor. E.g.:
- shape="3|1" means 3 plots on the left and 1 on the right,
- shape="4/2" means 4 plots on top of 2 at bottom.
axes : int, optional
set the type of axes to be shown:
- 0, no axes
- 1, draw three gray grid walls
- 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 4, show a triad at bottom left
- 5, show a cube at bottom left
- 6, mark the corners of the bounding box
- 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes
- 8, show the vtkCubeAxesActor object
- 9, show the bounding box outLine
- 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box
- 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane
- 12, show polar axes
- 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window
Axis type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary.
Check addons.Axes() for the full list of options.
azimuth/elevation/roll : float, optional
move camera accordingly the specified value
viewup: str, list
either ['x', 'y', 'z'] or a vector to set vertical direction
resetcam : bool
re-adjust camera position to fit objects
camera : dict, vtkCamera
camera parameters can further be specified with a dictionary
assigned to the ``camera`` keyword (E.g. `show(camera={'pos':(1,2,3), 'thickness':1000,})`)
- pos, `(list)`, the position of the camera in world coordinates
- focalPoint `(list)`, the focal point of the camera in world coordinates
- viewup `(list)`, the view up direction for the camera
- distance `(float)`, set the focal point to the specified distance from the camera position.
- clippingRange `(float)`, distance of the near and far clipping planes along the direction of projection.
- parallelScale `(float)`,
scaling used for a parallel projection, i.e. the height of the viewport
in world-coordinate distances. The default is 1. Note that the "scale" parameter works as
an "inverse scale", larger numbers produce smaller images.
This method has no effect in perspective projection mode.
- thickness `(float)`,
set the distance between clipping planes. This method adjusts the far clipping
plane to be set a distance 'thickness' beyond the near clipping plane.
- viewAngle `(float)`,
the camera view angle, which is the angular height of the camera view
measured in degrees. The default angle is 30 degrees.
This method has no effect in parallel projection mode.
The formula for setting the angle up for perfect perspective viewing is:
angle = 2*atan((h/2)/d) where h is the height of the RenderWindow
(measured by holding a ruler up to your screen) and d is the distance
from your eyes to the screen.
interactive : bool
pause and interact with window (True) or continue execution (False)
rate : float
maximum rate of `show()` in Hertz
mode : int, str
set the type of interaction
- 0 = TrackballCamera [default]
- 1 = TrackballActor
- 2 = JoystickCamera
- 3 = JoystickActor
- 4 = Flight
- 5 = RubberBand2D
- 6 = RubberBand3D
- 7 = RubberBandZoom
- 8 = Context
- 9 = 3D
- 10 = Terrain
- 11 = Unicam
q : bool
force program to quit after `show()` command returns.
"""
if self.wxWidget:
return self
# check if the widow needs to be closed (ESC button was hit)
if self.escaped:
if not self.window:
return self # do nothing, just return self (was already closed)
for r in self.renderers:
r.RemoveAllObservers()
self.closeWindow()
return self
if len(self.renderers): # in case of notebooks
if at is None:
at = self.renderers.index(self.renderer)
else:
if at >= len(self.renderers):
t = f"trying to show(at={at}) but only {len(self.renderers)} renderers exist"
vedo.logger.error(t)
return self
self.renderer = self.renderers[at]
if title is not None:
self.title = title
if size is not None:
self.size = size
if self.size[0] == 'f': # full screen
self.size = 'fullscreen'
self.window.SetFullScreen(True)
self.window.BordersOn()
else:
self.window.SetSize(int(self.size[0]), int(self.size[1]))
if not vedo.notebookBackend:
if str(bg).endswith(".hdr"):
self._addSkybox(bg)
else:
if bg is not None:
self.backgrcol = vedo.getColor(bg)
self.renderer.SetBackground(self.backgrcol)
if bg2 is not None:
self.renderer.GradientBackgroundOn()
self.renderer.SetBackground2(vedo.getColor(bg2))
if axes is not None:
if isinstance(axes, vedo.Assembly): # user passing show(..., axes=myaxes)
actors = list(actors)
actors.append(axes) # move it into the list of normal things to show
axes = 0
self.axes = axes
if self.offscreen:
interactive = False
self._interactive = False
if camera is not None:
self.resetcam = False
if isinstance(camera, vtk.vtkCamera):
self.camera = camera
if resetcam is not None:
self.resetcam = resetcam
# if user passes a list of actors forget about everithing and show those
if len(actors) == 0:
actors = None
elif len(actors) == 1:
actors = actors[0]
else:
actors = utils.flatten(actors)
actors2show = []
if actors is not None:
self.actors = []
actors2show = self._scan_input(actors)
for a in actors2show:
if a not in self.actors:
self.actors.append(a)
# update all trailing lines
for a in self.actors:
try:
if a.trail:
a._updateTrail()
except AttributeError:
pass
# Backend ###############################################################
if vedo.notebookBackend:
if vedo.notebookBackend in ['k3d', 'ipygany', 'itkwidgets']:
return backends.getNotebookBackend(self.actors, zoom, viewup)
#########################################################################
# remove all old shadows from the scene
shad_acs = self.renderer.GetActors()
shad_acs.InitTraversal()
for i in range(shad_acs.GetNumberOfItems()):
a = shad_acs.GetNextItem()
try:
if a.name == "Shadow":
self.renderer.RemoveActor(a)
except AttributeError:
pass
# rendering
for ia in actors2show:
if not ia:
continue
self.renderer.AddActor(ia)
if isinstance(ia, vedo.base.Base3DProp):
if ia._set2actcam:
ia.SetCamera(self.camera) # used by mesh.followCamera()
ia.renderedAt.add(at) # set.add()
if ia.scalarbar:
self.renderer.AddActor(ia.scalarbar)
# fix gray color labels and title to white or black
if isinstance(ia.scalarbar, vtk.vtkScalarBarActor):
ltc = np.array(ia.scalarbar.GetLabelTextProperty().GetColor())
if np.linalg.norm(ltc-(.5,.5,.5))/3 < 0.05:
c = (0.9, 0.9, 0.9)
if np.sum(self.renderer.GetBackground()) > 1.5:
c = (0.1, 0.1, 0.1)
ia.scalarbar.GetLabelTextProperty().SetColor(c)
ia.scalarbar.GetTitleTextProperty().SetColor(c)
if ia.scalarbar not in self.scalarbars:
self.scalarbars.append(ia.scalarbar)
if (self.interactor
and not self.offscreen
and not (vedo.vtk_version[0] == 9 and "Linux" in vedo.sys_platform) # Linux vtk9 is bugged
):
#check balloons
if ia.flagText:
if not self.flagWidget: # Create widget on the fly
self._flagRep = vtk.vtkBalloonRepresentation()
self._flagRep.SetBalloonLayoutToImageRight()
breppr = self._flagRep.GetTextProperty()
breppr.SetFontFamily(vtk.VTK_FONT_FILE)
breppr.SetFontFile(utils.getFontPath(settings.flagFont))
breppr.SetFontSize(settings.flagFontSize)
breppr.SetColor(vedo.getColor(settings.flagColor))
breppr.SetBackgroundColor(vedo.getColor(settings.flagBackgroundColor))
breppr.SetShadow(settings.flagShadow)
breppr.SetJustification(settings.flagJustification)
breppr.UseTightBoundingBoxOn()
if settings.flagAngle:
breppr.SetOrientation(settings.flagAngle)
breppr.SetBackgroundOpacity(0)
self.flagWidget = vtk.vtkBalloonWidget()
self.flagWidget.SetTimerDuration(settings.flagDelay)
self.flagWidget.ManagesCursorOff()
self.flagWidget.SetRepresentation(self._flagRep)
self.flagWidget.SetInteractor(self.interactor)
self.widgets.append(self.flagWidget)
bst = self.flagWidget.GetBalloonString(ia)
if bst:
if bst != ia.flagText:
self.flagWidget.UpdateBalloonString(ia, ia.flagText)
else:
self.flagWidget.AddBalloon(ia, ia.flagText)
if ia.flagText is False and self.flagWidget:
self.flagWidget.RemoveBalloon(ia)
if interactive is not None:
self._interactive = interactive
if self.interactor:
if not self.interactor.GetInitialized():
self.interactor.Initialize()
self.interactor.RemoveObservers("CharEvent")
self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera()
self.camera.SetParallelProjection(settings.useParallelProjection)
if self.sharecam:
for r in self.renderers:
r.SetActiveCamera(self.camera)
if self.qtWidget is not None:
self.qtWidget.GetRenderWindow().AddRenderer(self.renderer)
if vedo.vtk_version[0] == 9 and "Darwin" in vedo.sys_platform:
for a in self.actors:
if isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume):
self.window.SetMultiSamples(0) # to fix mac OSX BUG vtk9
break
if self.axes is not None:
if viewup != "2d" or self.axes in [1, 8] or isinstance(self.axes, dict):
addons.addGlobalAxes(self.axes)
# panel #################################################################
if vedo.notebookBackend in ["panel","ipyvtk"]:
return backends.getNotebookBackend(0, 0, 0)
#########################################################################
if self.resetcam:
self.renderer.ResetCamera()
if len(self.renderers) > 1:
self.frames = self.addRendererFrame()
if self.flagWidget:
self.flagWidget.EnabledOn()
if zoom:
if zoom == "tight":
self.resetCamera(tight=0.04)
elif zoom == "tightest":
self.resetCamera(tight=0.0001)
else:
self.camera.Zoom(zoom)
if elevation:
self.camera.Elevation(elevation)
if azimuth:
self.camera.Azimuth(azimuth)
if roll:
self.camera.Roll(roll)
if self._first_viewup and len(viewup):
self._first_viewup = False # gets executed only once
if viewup == "x":
self.camera.SetViewUp([1, 0.001, 0])
elif viewup == "y":
self.camera.SetViewUp([0.001, 1, 0])
elif viewup == "z":
b = self.renderer.ComputeVisiblePropBounds()
self.camera.SetViewUp([0, 0.001, 1])
cm = [(b[1]+b[0])/2, (b[3]+b[2])/2, (b[5]+b[4])/2]
sz = np.array([(b[1]-b[0])*0.7, -(b[3]-b[2])*1.0, (b[5]-b[4])*1.2])
self.camera.SetPosition(cm+2*sz)
elif viewup == "2d":
mode = 12
if isinstance(camera, dict):
camera = dict(camera) # make a copy so input is not emptied by pop()
cm_pos = camera.pop("pos", None)
cm_focalPoint = camera.pop("focalPoint", None)
cm_viewup = camera.pop("viewup", None)
cm_distance = camera.pop("distance", None)
cm_clippingRange = camera.pop("clippingRange", None)
cm_parallelScale = camera.pop("parallelScale", None)
cm_thickness = camera.pop("thickness", None)
cm_viewAngle = camera.pop("viewAngle", None)
if len(camera.keys()):
vedo.logger.warning(f"in show(cam=...), key(s) not recognized: {camera.keys()}")
if cm_pos is not None: self.camera.SetPosition(cm_pos)
if cm_focalPoint is not None: self.camera.SetFocalPoint(cm_focalPoint)
if cm_viewup is not None: self.camera.SetViewUp(cm_viewup)
if cm_distance is not None: self.camera.SetDistance(cm_distance)
if cm_clippingRange is not None: self.camera.SetClippingRange(cm_clippingRange)
if cm_parallelScale is not None: self.camera.SetParallelScale(cm_parallelScale)
if cm_thickness is not None: self.camera.SetThickness(cm_thickness)
if cm_viewAngle is not None: self.camera.SetViewAngle(cm_viewAngle)
self.renderer.ResetCameraClippingRange()
if settings.immediateRendering:
self.window.Render() ##################### <-------------- Render
self.window.SetWindowName(self.title)
# 2d ####################################################################
if vedo.notebookBackend == "2d":
return backends.getNotebookBackend(0, 0, 0)
#########################################################################
if self.interactor: # can be offscreen..
if settings.allowInteraction:
self.allowInteraction()
# Set the style of interaction
# see https://vtk.org/doc/nightly/html/classvtkInteractorStyle.html
if mode == 0 or mode == "TrackballCamera":
#csty = self.interactor.GetInteractorStyle().GetCurrentStyle().GetClassName()
#if "TrackballCamera" not in csty:
# this causes problems (when pressing 3 eg) :
if self.qtWidget:
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera())
elif mode == 1 or mode == "TrackballActor":
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballActor())
elif mode == 2 or mode == "JoystickCamera":
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleJoystickCamera())
elif mode == 3 or mode == "JoystickActor":
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleJoystickActor())
elif mode == 4 or mode == "Flight":
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleFlight())
elif mode == 5 or mode == "RubberBand2D":
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleRubberBand2D())
elif mode == 6 or mode == "RubberBand3D":
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleRubberBand3D())
elif mode == 7 or mode == "RubberBandZoom":
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleRubberBandZoom())
elif mode == 8 or mode == "Context":
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkContextInteractorStyle())
elif mode == 9 or mode == "3D":
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyle3D())
elif mode ==10 or mode == "Terrain":
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTerrain())
elif mode ==11 or mode == "Unicam":
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleUnicam())
elif mode ==12 or mode == "Image" or mode == "image":
astyle = vtk.vtkInteractorStyleImage()
astyle.SetInteractionModeToImage3D()
self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(astyle)
if self._interactive:
self.interactor.Start()
if rate:
if self.clock is None: # set clock and limit rate
self._clockt0 = time.time()
self.clock = 0.0
else:
t = time.time() - self._clockt0
elapsed = t - self.clock
mint = 1.0 / rate
if elapsed < mint:
time.sleep(mint - elapsed)
self.clock = time.time() - self._clockt0
if q: # exit python kernel
sys.exit(0)
return self
def addInset(self, *actors, **options):
"""Add a draggable inset space into a renderer.
Parameters
----------
at : int
specify the renderer number
pos : list
icon position in the range [1-4] indicating one of the 4 corners,
or it can be a tuple (x,y) as a fraction of the renderer size.
size : float
size of the square inset
draggable : bool
if True the subrenderer space can be dragged around
c : color
color of the inset frame when dragged
.. hint:: [inset.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/tree/master/examples/other/inset.py)
.. image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/56758560-3c3f1300-6797-11e9-9b33-49f5a4876039.jpg
"""
if not self.interactor:
return None
pos = options.pop("pos", 0)
size = options.pop("size", 0.1)
c = options.pop("c", 'lb')
at = options.pop("at", None)
draggable = options.pop("draggable", True)
if not self.renderer:
vedo.logger.warning("call addInset() only after first rendering of the scene.")
save_int = self._interactive
self.show(interactive=0)
self._interactive = save_int
widget = vtk.vtkOrientationMarkerWidget()
r,g,b = vedo.getColor(c)
widget.SetOutlineColor(r,g,b)
if len(actors)==1:
widget.SetOrientationMarker(actors[0])
else:
widget.SetOrientationMarker(vedo.Assembly(actors))
widget.SetInteractor(self.interactor)
if utils.isSequence(pos):
widget.SetViewport(pos[0]-size, pos[1]-size, pos[0]+size, pos[1]+size)
else:
if pos < 2:
widget.SetViewport(0, 1 - 2 * size, size * 2, 1)
elif pos == 2:
widget.SetViewport(1 - 2 * size, 1 - 2 * size, 1, 1)
elif pos == 3:
widget.SetViewport(0, 0, size * 2, size * 2)
elif pos == 4:
widget.SetViewport(1 - 2 * size, 0, 1, size * 2)
widget.EnabledOn()
widget.SetInteractive(draggable)
if at is not None and at < len(self.renderers):
widget.SetCurrentRenderer(self.renderers[at])
self.widgets.append(widget)
return widget
def clear(self, actors=None, at=None):
"""Delete specified list of actors, by default delete all."""
if at is not None:
renderer = self.renderers[at]
else:
renderer = self.renderer
if not renderer:
return self
if actors is None:
renderer.RemoveAllViewProps()
self.actors = []
self.scalarbars = []
self.sliders = []
self.buttons = []
self.widgets = []
self.scalarbars = []
return self
if not utils.isSequence(actors):
actors = [actors]
if len(actors):
for a in actors:
self.remove(a)
elif self.renderer:
self.actors = []
for a in self.getMeshes():
self.renderer.RemoveActor(a)
for a in self.getVolumes():
self.renderer.RemoveVolume(a)
for s in self.sliders:
s.EnabledOff()
for b in self.buttons:
self.renderer.RemoveActor(b)
for w in self.widgets:
w.EnabledOff()
for a in self.scalarbars:
self.renderer.RemoveActor(a)
self.scalarbars = []
return self
def closeWindow(self):
"""Close the current or the input rendering window.
.. hint:: examples/basic/closewindow.py
"""
for r in self.renderers:
r.RemoveAllObservers()
if hasattr(self, 'window') and self.window:
if hasattr(self, 'interactor') and self.interactor:
self.interactor.ExitCallback()
try:
self.interactor.SetDone(True)
except AttributeError:
pass
self.interactor.TerminateApp()
self.interactor = None
self.window.Finalize() # this must be done here
self.window = None
return self
def close(self):
"""Close the Plotter instance and release resources."""
self.closeWindow()
self.actors = []
if vedo.plotter_instance == self:
vedo.plotter_instance = None
def screenshot(self, filename='screenshot.png', scale=None, asarray=False):
"""Take a screenshot of the Plotter window.
Parameters
----------
scale : int
set image magnification as an integer multiplicating factor
asarray : bool
return a numpy array of the image instead of writing a file
"""
retval = vedo.io.screenshot(filename, scale, asarray)
return retval
def topicture(self, scale=None):
"""Generate a Picture object from the current rendering window.
Parameters
----------
scale : int
set image magnification as an integer multiplicating factor
"""
if scale is None:
scale = settings.screeshotScale
if settings.screeshotLargeImage:
w2if = vtk.vtkRenderLargeImage()
w2if.SetInput(self.renderer)
w2if.SetMagnification(scale)
else:
w2if = vtk.vtkWindowToImageFilter()
w2if.SetInput(self.window)
if hasattr(w2if, 'SetScale'):
w2if.SetScale(scale, scale)
if settings.screenshotTransparentBackground:
w2if.SetInputBufferTypeToRGBA()
w2if.ReadFrontBufferOff() # read from the back buffer
w2if.Update()
return vedo.picture.Picture(w2if.GetOutput())
def export(self, filename='scene.npz', binary=False):
"""Export scene to file to HTML, X3D or Numpy file.
.. hint:: examples/other/export_x3d.py, examples/other/export_numpy.py
"""
vedo.io.exportWindow(filename, binary=binary)
return self
def colorPicker(self, xy, verbose=False):
"""Pick color of specific (x,y) pixel on the screen."""
w2if = vtk.vtkWindowToImageFilter()
w2if.SetInput(self.window)
w2if.ReadFrontBufferOff()
w2if.Update()
nx, ny = self.window.GetSize()
varr = w2if.GetOutput().GetPointData().GetScalars()
arr = utils.vtk2numpy(varr).reshape(ny,nx,3)
x,y = int(xy[0]), int(xy[1])
if y < ny and x < nx:
rgb = arr[y,x]
if verbose:
vedo.printc('Pixel', [x,y], 'has RGB[', end='')
vedo.printc('█', c=[rgb[0],0,0], end='')
vedo.printc('█', c=[0,rgb[1],0], end='')
vedo.printc('█', c=[0,0,rgb[2]], end='')
vedo.printc('] = ', end='')
cnm = vedo.getColorName(rgb)
if np.sum(rgb) < 150:
vedo.printc(rgb.tolist(), vedo.colors.rgb2hex(np.array(rgb)/255), c='w',
bc=rgb, invert=1, end='')
vedo.printc(' -> '+cnm, invert=1, c='w')
else:
vedo.printc(rgb.tolist(), vedo.colors.rgb2hex(np.array(rgb)/255), c=rgb, end='')
vedo.printc(' -> '+cnm, c=cnm)
return rgb
return None
#######################################################################
def _mouseleft(self, iren, event):
x, y = iren.GetEventPosition()
renderer = iren.FindPokedRenderer(x, y)
self.renderer = renderer
picker = vtk.vtkPropPicker()
picker.PickProp(x, y, renderer)
clickedActor = picker.GetActor()
# print('_mouseleft mouse at', x, y)
# print("picked Volume:", [picker.GetVolume()])
# print("picked Actor2D:", [picker.GetActor2D()])
# print("picked Assembly:", [picker.GetAssembly()])
# print("picked Prop3D:", [picker.GetProp3D()])
# check if any button objects are clicked
clickedActor2D = picker.GetActor2D()
if clickedActor2D:
for bt in self.buttons:
if clickedActor2D == bt.actor:
bt.function()
break
if not clickedActor:
clickedActor = picker.GetAssembly()
if not clickedActor:
clickedActor = picker.GetProp3D()
if not hasattr(clickedActor, "GetPickable") or not clickedActor.GetPickable():
return
self.picked3d = picker.GetPickPosition()
self.picked2d = np.array([x,y])
if not clickedActor:
return
self.justremoved = None
self.clickedActor = clickedActor
if hasattr(clickedActor, 'picked3d'): # might be not a vedo obj
clickedActor.picked3d = picker.GetPickPosition()
if self.mouseLeftClickFunction:
self.mouseLeftClickFunction(clickedActor)
#######################################################################
def _mouseright(self, iren, event):
x, y = iren.GetEventPosition()
# print('_mouseright mouse at', x, y)
renderer = iren.FindPokedRenderer(x, y)
self.renderer = renderer
picker = vtk.vtkPropPicker()
picker.PickProp(x, y, renderer)
clickedActor = picker.GetActor()
# check if any button objects were created
clickedActor2D = picker.GetActor2D()
if clickedActor2D:
for bt in self.buttons:
if clickedActor2D == bt.actor:
bt.function()
break
if not clickedActor:
clickedActor = picker.GetAssembly()
if not clickedActor:
clickedActor = picker.GetProp3D()
if not hasattr(clickedActor, "GetPickable") or not clickedActor.GetPickable():
return
self.picked3d = picker.GetPickPosition()
self.picked2d = np.array([x,y])
self.clickedActor = clickedActor
if self.mouseRightClickFunction:
self.mouseRightClickFunction(clickedActor)
#######################################################################
def _mousemiddle(self, iren, event):
x, y = iren.GetEventPosition()
renderer = iren.FindPokedRenderer(x, y)
self.renderer = renderer
picker = vtk.vtkPropPicker()
picker.PickProp(x, y, renderer)
clickedActor = picker.GetActor()
# check if any button objects were created
clickedActor2D = picker.GetActor2D()
if clickedActor2D:
for bt in self.buttons:
if clickedActor2D == bt.actor:
bt.function()
break
if not clickedActor:
clickedActor = picker.GetAssembly()
if not clickedActor:
clickedActor = picker.GetProp3D()
if not hasattr(clickedActor, "GetPickable") or not clickedActor.GetPickable():
return
self.clickedActor = clickedActor
self.picked3d = picker.GetPickPosition()
self.picked2d = np.array([x,y])
if self.mouseMiddleClickFunction:
self.mouseMiddleClickFunction(self.clickedActor)
#######################################################################
def _keypress(self, iren, event):
#NB: qt creates and passes a vtkGenericRenderWindowInteractor
key = iren.GetKeySym()
# utils.vedo.printc('Pressed key:', self.keyheld, key, c='y', box='-')
if key in ["Shift_L", "Control_L", "Super_L", "Alt_L",
"Shift_R", "Control_R", "Super_R", "Alt_R", "Menu"]:
self.keyheld = key
if key in ["q", "space", "Return", "F12"]:
iren.ExitCallback()
return
elif key == "Escape":
vedo.logger.info("Closing window now. Plotter.escaped is set to True.")
self.escaped = True # window will be escaped ASAP
iren.ExitCallback()
return
elif key == "F1":
vedo.logger.info("Execution aborted. Exiting python kernel now.")
iren.ExitCallback()
sys.exit(0)
# if ("Control_" in self.keyheld) and key=="c":
# print('ctrl-c')
#############################################################
### now intercept custom observer ###########################
#############################################################
if self.keyPressFunction:
if key not in ["Shift_L", "Control_L", "Super_L", "Alt_L",
"Shift_R", "Control_R", "Super_R", "Alt_R"]:
self.keyPressFunction(key)
return
#############################################################
if key == "Down":
if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes():
self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetOpacity(0.02)
bfp = self.clickedActor.GetBackfaceProperty()
if bfp and hasattr(self.clickedActor, "_bfprop"):
self.clickedActor._bfprop = bfp # save it
self.clickedActor.SetBackfaceProperty(None)
else:
for a in self.getMeshes():
if a.GetPickable():
a.GetProperty().SetOpacity(0.02)
bfp = a.GetBackfaceProperty()
if bfp and hasattr(a, "_bfprop"):
a._bfprop = bfp
a.SetBackfaceProperty(None)
elif key == "Left":
if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes():
ap = self.clickedActor.GetProperty()
aal = max([ap.GetOpacity() * 0.75, 0.01])
ap.SetOpacity(aal)
bfp = self.clickedActor.GetBackfaceProperty()
if bfp and hasattr(self.clickedActor, "_bfprop"):
self.clickedActor._bfprop = bfp
self.clickedActor.SetBackfaceProperty(None)
else:
for a in self.getMeshes():
if a.GetPickable():
ap = a.GetProperty()
aal = max([ap.GetOpacity() * 0.75, 0.01])
ap.SetOpacity(aal)
bfp = a.GetBackfaceProperty()
if bfp and hasattr(a, "_bfprop"):
a._bfprop = bfp
a.SetBackfaceProperty(None)
elif key == "Right":
if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes():
ap = self.clickedActor.GetProperty()
aal = min([ap.GetOpacity() * 1.25, 1.0])
ap.SetOpacity(aal)
if aal == 1 and hasattr(self.clickedActor, "_bfprop") \
and self.clickedActor._bfprop:
# put back
self.clickedActor.SetBackfaceProperty(self.clickedActor._bfprop)
else:
for a in self.getMeshes():
if a.GetPickable():
ap = a.GetProperty()
aal = min([ap.GetOpacity() * 1.25, 1.0])
ap.SetOpacity(aal)
if aal == 1 and hasattr(a, "_bfprop") and a._bfprop:
a.SetBackfaceProperty(a._bfprop)
elif key == "slash" or key == "Up":
if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes():
self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetOpacity(1)
if hasattr(self.clickedActor, "_bfprop") and self.clickedActor._bfprop:
self.clickedActor.SetBackfaceProperty(self.clickedActor._bfprop)
else:
for a in self.getMeshes():
if a.GetPickable():
a.GetProperty().SetOpacity(1)
if hasattr(a, "_bfprop") and a._bfprop:
a.clickedActor.SetBackfaceProperty(a._bfprop)
elif key == "P":
if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes():
acts = [self.clickedActor]
else:
acts = self.getMeshes()
for ia in acts:
if ia.GetPickable():
try:
ps = ia.GetProperty().GetPointSize()
if ps > 1:
ia.GetProperty().SetPointSize(ps - 1)
ia.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToPoints()
except AttributeError:
pass
elif key == "u":
pval = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera().GetParallelProjection()
self.renderer.GetActiveCamera().SetParallelProjection(not pval)
if pval:
self.renderer.ResetCamera()
elif key == "p":
if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes():
acts = [self.clickedActor]
else:
acts = self.getMeshes()
for ia in acts:
if ia.GetPickable():
try:
ps = ia.GetProperty().GetPointSize()
ia.GetProperty().SetPointSize(ps + 2)
ia.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToPoints()
except AttributeError:
pass
elif key == "w":
if self.clickedActor and self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes():
self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToWireframe()
else:
for a in self.getMeshes():
if a and a.GetPickable():
if a.GetProperty().GetRepresentation() == 1: # toggle
a.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToSurface()
else:
a.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToWireframe()
elif key == "r":
self.renderer.ResetCamera()
elif key == "h":
msg = " ==========================================================\n"
msg += "| Press: i print info about selected object |\n"
msg += "| I print the RGB color under the mouse |\n"
msg += "| <--> use arrows to reduce/increase opacity |\n"
msg += "| w/s toggle wireframe/surface style |\n"
msg += "| p/P change point size of vertices |\n"
msg += "| l toggle edges visibility |\n"
msg += "| x toggle mesh visibility |\n"
msg += "| X invoke a cutter widget tool |\n"
msg += "| 1-3 change mesh color |\n"
msg += "| 4 use data array as colors, if present |\n"
msg += "| 5-6 change background color(s) |\n"
msg += "| 09+- (on keypad) or +/- to cycle axes style |\n"
msg += "| k cycle available lighting styles |\n"
msg += "| K cycle available shading styles |\n"
msg += "| A toggle anti-aliasing |\n"
msg += "| D toggle depth-peeling (for transparencies) |\n"
msg += "| o/O add/remove light to scene and rotate it |\n"
msg += "| n show surface mesh normals |\n"
msg += "| a toggle interaction to Actor Mode |\n"
msg += "| j toggle interaction to Joystick Mode |\n"
msg += "| u toggle perspective/parallel projection |\n"
msg += "| r reset camera position |\n"
msg += "| C print current camera settings |\n"
msg += "| S save a screenshot |\n"
msg += "| E/F export 3D scene to numpy file or X3D |\n"
msg += "| q return control to python script |\n"
msg += "| Esc abort execution and exit python kernel |\n"
msg += "|----------------------------------------------------------|\n"
msg += "| Mouse: Left-click rotate scene / pick actors |\n"
msg += "| Middle-click pan scene |\n"
msg += "| Right-click zoom scene in or out |\n"
msg += "| Cntrl-click rotate scene |\n"
msg += "|----------------------------------------------------------|\n"
msg += "| Check out documentation at: https://vedo.embl.es |\n"
msg += " =========================================================="
vedo.printc(msg, dim=1)
msg = " vedo " + vedo.__version__ + " "
vedo.printc(msg, invert=1, dim=1, end="")
vtkVers = vtk.vtkVersion().GetVTKVersion()
msg = "| vtk " + str(vtkVers)
msg += " | python " + str(sys.version_info[0]) + "." + str(sys.version_info[1])
vedo.printc(msg, invert=0, dim=1)
return
elif key == "a":
iren.ExitCallback()
cur = iren.GetInteractorStyle()
if isinstance(cur, vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera):
msg = "\nInteractor style changed to TrackballActor\n"
msg +=" you can now move and rotate individual meshes:\n"
msg +=" press X twice to save the repositioned mesh\n"
msg +=" press 'a' to go back to normal style"
vedo.printc(msg)
iren.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballActor())
else:
iren.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera())
iren.Start()
return
elif key == "A": # toggle antialiasing
msam = self.window.GetMultiSamples()
if not msam:
self.window.SetMultiSamples(8)
else:
self.window.SetMultiSamples(0)
msam = self.window.GetMultiSamples()
if msam:
vedo.printc(f'Antialiasing is now set to {msam} samples', c=bool(msam))
else:
vedo.printc('Antialiasing is now disabled', c=bool(msam))
elif key == "D": # toggle depthpeeling
udp = not self.renderer.GetUseDepthPeeling()
self.renderer.SetUseDepthPeeling(udp)
#self.renderer.SetUseDepthPeelingForVolumes(udp)
# print(self.window.GetAlphaBitPlanes())
if udp:
self.window.SetAlphaBitPlanes(1)
self.renderer.SetMaximumNumberOfPeels(settings.maxNumberOfPeels)
self.renderer.SetOcclusionRatio(settings.occlusionRatio)
self.interactor.Render()
wasUsed = self.renderer.GetLastRenderingUsedDepthPeeling()
rnr = self.renderers.index(self.renderer)
vedo.printc(f'Depth peeling is now set to {udp} for renderer nr.{rnr}', c=udp)
if not wasUsed and udp:
vedo.printc('\t...but last rendering did not actually used it!', c=udp, invert=True)
return
elif key == "j":
iren.ExitCallback()
cur = iren.GetInteractorStyle()
if isinstance(cur, vtk.vtkInteractorStyleJoystickCamera):
iren.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera())
else:
vedo.printc("\nInteractor style changed to Joystick,", end="")
vedo.printc(" press j to go back to normal.")
iren.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleJoystickCamera())
iren.Start()
return
elif key == "S":
vedo.io.screenshot("screenshot.png")
vedo.printc("\camera Saved rendering window as screenshot.png", c="blue")
return
elif key == "C":
cam = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera()
vedo.printc('\n###################################################', c='y')
vedo.printc('## Template python code to position this camera: ##', c='y')
vedo.printc('cam = dict(', c='y')
vedo.printc(' pos=' +utils.precision(cam.GetPosition(),4)+',', c='y')
vedo.printc(' focalPoint=' +utils.precision(cam.GetFocalPoint(),4)+',', c='y')
vedo.printc(' viewup=' +utils.precision(cam.GetViewUp(),4)+',', c='y')
vedo.printc(' distance=' +utils.precision(cam.GetDistance(),4)+',', c='y')
vedo.printc(' clippingRange='+utils.precision(cam.GetClippingRange(),4)+',', c='y')
vedo.printc(')', c='y')
vedo.printc('show(mymeshes, camera=cam)', c='y')
vedo.printc('###################################################', c='y')
return
elif key == "s":
if self.clickedActor and self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes():
self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToSurface()
else:
for a in self.getMeshes():
if a and a.GetPickable():
a.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToSurface()
elif key == "1":
self._icol += 1
if isinstance(self.clickedActor, vedo.Points):
self.clickedActor.GetMapper().ScalarVisibilityOff()
pal = vedo.colors.palettes[settings.palette % len(vedo.colors.palettes)]
self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetColor(pal[(self._icol) % 10])
elif key == "2":
self._icol += 1
settings.palette += 1
settings.palette = settings.palette % len(vedo.colors.palettes)
if isinstance(self.clickedActor, vedo.Points):
self.clickedActor.GetMapper().ScalarVisibilityOff()
pal = vedo.colors.palettes[settings.palette % len(vedo.colors.palettes)]
self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetColor(pal[(self._icol) % 10])
elif key == "3":
bsc = ['b5','cyan5', 'g4', 'o5', 'p5', 'r4', 'teal4', 'yellow4']
self._icol += 1
if isinstance(self.clickedActor, vedo.Points):
self.clickedActor.GetMapper().ScalarVisibilityOff()
self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetColor(vedo.getColor(bsc[(self._icol) % len(bsc)]))
elif key == "4":
if self.clickedActor:
acts = [self.clickedActor]
else:
acts = self.getMeshes()
for ia in acts:
cmap_name = ia._cmap_name
if not cmap_name:
cmap_name = "rainbow"
if isinstance(ia, vedo.pointcloud.Points):
arnames = ia.pointdata.keys()
if len(arnames):
arnam = arnames[ia._scals_idx]
if arnam and ("normals" not in arnam.lower()): # exclude normals
ia.cmap(cmap_name, arnam, on="points")
vedo.printc("..active point data set to:", arnam, c='g', bold=0)
ia._scals_idx += 1
if ia._scals_idx >= len(arnames):
ia._scals_idx = 0
else:
arnames = ia.celldata.keys()
if len(arnames):
arnam = arnames[ia._scals_idx]
if arnam and ("normals" not in arnam.lower()): # exclude normals
ia.cmap(cmap_name, arnam, on="cells")
vedo.printc("..active cell array set to:", arnam, c='g', bold=0)
ia._scals_idx += 1
if ia._scals_idx >= len(arnames):
ia._scals_idx = 0
elif key == "5":
bgc = np.array(self.renderer.GetBackground()).sum() / 3
if bgc <= 0:
bgc = 0.223
elif 0 < bgc < 1:
bgc = 1
else:
bgc = 0
self.renderer.SetBackground(bgc, bgc, bgc)
elif key == "6":
bg2cols = ['lightyellow', 'darkseagreen', 'palegreen',
'steelblue','lightblue', 'cadetblue','lavender',
'white', 'blackboard', 'black']
bg2name = vedo.getColorName(self.renderer.GetBackground2())
if bg2name in bg2cols:
idx = bg2cols.index(bg2name)
else:
idx = 4
if idx is not None:
bg2name_next = bg2cols[(idx+1)%(len(bg2cols)-1)]
if not bg2name_next:
self.renderer.GradientBackgroundOff()
else:
self.renderer.GradientBackgroundOn()
self.renderer.SetBackground2(vedo.getColor(bg2name_next))
elif key in ["plus", "equal", "KP_Add", "minus", "KP_Subtract"]: # cycle axes style
clickedr = self.renderers.index(self.renderer)
if self.axes_instances[clickedr]:
if hasattr(self.axes_instances[clickedr], "EnabledOff"): # widget
self.axes_instances[clickedr].EnabledOff()
else:
try:
self.renderer.RemoveActor(self.axes_instances[clickedr])
except:
pass
self.axes_instances[clickedr] = None
if not self.axes: self.axes=0
if isinstance(self.axes, dict):
self.axes=1
if key in ["minus", "KP_Subtract"]:
if settings.useParallelProjection == False and self.axes==0:
self.axes -= 1 # jump ruler doesnt make sense in perspective mode
addons.addGlobalAxes(axtype=(self.axes-1)%14, c=None)
else:
if settings.useParallelProjection == False and self.axes==12:
self.axes += 1 # jump ruler doesnt make sense in perspective mode
addons.addGlobalAxes(axtype=(self.axes+1)%14, c=None)
self.interactor.Render()
elif "KP_" in key: # change axes style
asso = {
"KP_Insert":0, "KP_0":0,
"KP_End":1, "KP_1":1,
"KP_Down":2, "KP_2":2,
"KP_Next":3, "KP_3":3,
"KP_Left":4, "KP_4":4,
"KP_Begin":5, "KP_5":5,
"KP_Right":6, "KP_6":6,
"KP_Home":7, "KP_7":7,
"KP_Up":8, "KP_8":8,
"KP_Prior":9, "KP_9":9,
}
clickedr = self.renderers.index(self.renderer)
if key in asso.keys():
if self.axes_instances[clickedr]:
if hasattr(self.axes_instances[clickedr], "EnabledOff"): # widget
self.axes_instances[clickedr].EnabledOff()
else:
try:
self.renderer.RemoveActor(self.axes_instances[clickedr])
except:
pass
self.axes_instances[clickedr] = None
addons.addGlobalAxes(axtype=asso[key], c=None)
self.interactor.Render()
if key == "O":
self.renderer.RemoveLight(self._extralight)
self._extralight = None
elif key == "o":
vbb, sizes, _, _ = addons.computeVisibleBounds()
cm = utils.vector((vbb[0]+vbb[1])/2, (vbb[2]+vbb[3])/2, (vbb[4]+vbb[5])/2)
if not self._extralight:
vup = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera().GetViewUp()
pos = cm + utils.vector(vup)*utils.mag(sizes)
self._extralight = addons.Light(pos, focalPoint=cm)
self.renderer.AddLight(self._extralight)
print("Press again o to rotate light source, or O to remove it.")
else:
cpos = utils.vector(self._extralight.GetPosition())
x, y, z = self._extralight.GetPosition() - cm
r,th,ph = utils.cart2spher(x,y,z)
th += 0.2
if th>np.pi: th=np.random.random()*np.pi/2
ph += 0.3
cpos = utils.spher2cart(r, th,ph) + cm
self._extralight.SetPosition(cpos)
self.window.Render()
elif key == "l":
if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes():
acts = [self.clickedActor]
else:
acts = self.getMeshes()
for ia in acts:
if not ia.GetPickable():
continue
try:
ev = ia.GetProperty().GetEdgeVisibility()
ia.GetProperty().SetEdgeVisibility(not ev)
ia.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToSurface()
ia.GetProperty().SetLineWidth(0.1)
except AttributeError:
pass
elif key == "k": # lightings
if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes():
acts = [self.clickedActor]
else:
acts = self.getMeshes()
shds = ('default',
'metallic',
'plastic',
'shiny',
'glossy',
'off')
for ia in acts:
if ia.GetPickable():
try:
lnr = (ia._ligthingnr+1)%6
ia.lighting(shds[lnr])
ia._ligthingnr = lnr
# vedo.printc('-> lighting set to:', shds[lnr], c='g', bold=0)
except AttributeError:
pass
elif key == "K": # shading
if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes():
acts = [self.clickedActor]
else:
acts = self.getMeshes()
for ia in acts:
if ia.GetPickable() and isinstance(ia, vedo.Mesh):
ia.computeNormals(cells=False)
intrp = ia.GetProperty().GetInterpolation()
# print(intrp, ia.GetProperty().GetInterpolationAsString())
if intrp > 0:
ia.GetProperty().SetInterpolation(0) #flat
else:
ia.GetProperty().SetInterpolation(2) #phong
elif key == "n": # show normals to an actor
if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes():
if self.clickedActor.GetPickable():
self.renderer.AddActor(vedo.shapes.NormalLines(self.clickedActor))
iren.Render()
else:
print("Click an actor and press n to add normals.")
elif key == "x":
if self.justremoved is None:
if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes() \
or isinstance(self.clickedActor, vtk.vtkAssembly):
self.justremoved = self.clickedActor
self.renderer.RemoveActor(self.clickedActor)
else:
self.renderer.AddActor(self.justremoved)
self.renderer.Render()
self.justremoved = None
elif key == "X":
if self.clickedActor:
if not self.cutterWidget:
addons.addCutterTool(self.clickedActor)
else:
if isinstance(self.clickedActor, vtk.vtkActor):
fname = "clipped.vtk"
w = vtk.vtkPolyDataWriter()
w.SetInputData(self.clickedActor.polydata())
w.SetFileName(fname)
w.Write()
vedo.printc("\save Saved file:", fname, c="m")
self.cutterWidget.Off()
self.cutterWidget = None
else:
for a in self.actors:
if isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume):
addons.addCutterTool(a)
return
vedo.printc("Click object and press X to open the cutter box widget.", c=4)
elif key == "E":
vedo.printc("\camera Exporting 3D window to file", c="blue", end="")
vedo.io.exportWindow('scene.npz')
vedo.printc(". Try:\n> vedo scene.npz", c="blue")
self.interactor.Start()
elif key == "F":
vedo.io.exportWindow('scene.x3d')
vedo.printc("Try: firefox scene.html", c="blue")
elif key == "i": # print info
if self.clickedActor:
utils.printInfo(self.clickedActor)
else:
utils.printInfo(self)
elif key == "I": # print color under the mouse
x, y = iren.GetEventPosition()
self.colorPicker([x,y], verbose=True)
if iren:
iren.Render()
return
######################################
def _keyrelease(self, iren, event):
key = iren.GetKeySym()
# print(iren.GetShiftKey())
# utils.vedo.printc('Released key:', key, c='v', box='-')
if key in ["Shift_L", "Control_L", "Super_L", "Alt_L",
"Shift_R", "Control_R", "Super_R", "Alt_R", "Menu"]:
self.keyheld = ''
returnFunctions
def close()-
Close the last created Plotter instance if it exists.
Expand source code
def close(): """Close the last created Plotter instance if it exists.""" if not vedo.plotter_instance: return vedo.plotter_instance.close() return def interactive()-
Please use plotter.interactive() or show(…, interactive=True) instead
Expand source code
def interactive(): """Please use plotter.interactive() or show(..., interactive=True) instead""" vedo.logger.warning("Deprecation: please use plotter.interactive()\n"+ " or show(..., interactive=True)") if vedo.plotter_instance: if vedo.plotter_instance.escaped: # just return return vedo.plotter_instance if hasattr(vedo.plotter_instance, 'interactor'): if vedo.plotter_instance.interactor: vedo.plotter_instance.interactor.Start() return vedo.plotter_instance def show(*actors, at=None, shape=(1, 1), N=None, pos=(0, 0), size='auto', screensize='auto', title='vedo', bg='white', bg2=None, axes=None, interactive=None, offscreen=False, sharecam=True, resetcam=True, zoom=None, viewup='', azimuth=0, elevation=0, roll=0, camera=None, mode=0, q=False, new=False, backend=None)-
Create on the fly an instance of class Plotter and show the object(s) provided.
Allowed input objects types are:
str, Mesh, Volume, Picture, Assembly vtkPolyData, vtkActor, vtkActor2D, vtkImageActor, vtkAssembly or vtkVolumeParameters
at:int, optional- number of the renderer to plot to, in case of more than one exists
shape:list, str, optional-
Number of sub-render windows inside of the main window. E.g.: specify two across with shape=(2,1) and a two by two grid with shape=(2, 2). By default there is only one renderer.
Can also accept a shape as string descriptor. E.g.:
- shape="3|1" means 3 plots on the left and 1 on the right,
- shape="4/2" means 4 plots on top of 2 at bottom.
axes:int, optional-
set the type of axes to be shown:
- 0, no axes
- 1, draw three gray grid walls
- 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 4, show a triad at bottom left
- 5, show a cube at bottom left
- 6, mark the corners of the bounding box
- 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes
- 8, show the vtkCubeAxesActor object
- 9, show the bounding box outLine
- 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box
- 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane
- 12, show polar axes
- 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window
Axis type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary. Check addons.Axes() for the full list of options.
azimuth/elevation/roll : float, optional move camera accordingly the specified value
viewup:str, list- either ['x', 'y', 'z'] or a vector to set vertical direction
resetcam:bool- re-adjust camera position to fit objects
camera:dict, vtkCamera-
camera parameters can further be specified with a dictionary assigned to the
camerakeyword (E.g.show(camera={'pos':(1,2,3), 'thickness':1000,}))-
pos,
(list), the position of the camera in world coordinates -
focalPoint
(list), the focal point of the camera in world coordinates -
viewup
(list), the view up direction for the camera -
distance
(float), set the focal point to the specified distance from the camera position. -
clippingRange
(float), distance of the near and far clipping planes along the direction of projection. -
parallelScale
(float), scaling used for a parallel projection, i.e. the height of the viewport in world-coordinate distances. The default is 1. Note that the "scale" parameter works as an "inverse scale", larger numbers produce smaller images. This method has no effect in perspective projection mode. -
thickness
(float), set the distance between clipping planes. This method adjusts the far clipping plane to be set a distance 'thickness' beyond the near clipping plane. -
viewAngle
(float), the camera view angle, which is the angular height of the camera view measured in degrees. The default angle is 30 degrees. This method has no effect in parallel projection mode. The formula for setting the angle up for perfect perspective viewing is: angle = 2*atan((h/2)/d) where h is the height of the RenderWindow (measured by holding a ruler up to your screen) and d is the distance from your eyes to the screen.
-
interactive:bool- pause and interact with window (True) or continue execution (False)
rate:float- maximum rate of
show()in Hertz mode:int, str-
set the type of interaction
- 0 = TrackballCamera [default]
- 1 = TrackballActor
- 2 = JoystickCamera
- 3 = JoystickActor
- 4 = Flight
- 5 = RubberBand2D
- 6 = RubberBand3D
- 7 = RubberBandZoom
- 8 = Context
- 9 = 3D
- 10 = Terrain
- 11 = Unicam
q:bool- force program to quit after
show()command returns. new:bool- if set to
True, a call to show will instantiate a new Plotter object (a new window) instead of reusing the first created.
Expand source code
def show(*actors, at=None, shape=(1, 1), N=None, pos=(0, 0), size="auto", screensize="auto", title="vedo", bg="white", bg2=None, axes=None, interactive=None, offscreen=False, sharecam=True, resetcam=True, zoom=None, viewup="", azimuth=0, elevation=0, roll=0, camera=None, mode=0, q=False, new=False, backend=None, ): """ Create on the fly an instance of class Plotter and show the object(s) provided. Allowed input objects types are: ``str, Mesh, Volume, Picture, Assembly vtkPolyData, vtkActor, vtkActor2D, vtkImageActor, vtkAssembly or vtkVolume`` Parameters ---------- at : int, optional number of the renderer to plot to, in case of more than one exists shape : list, str, optional Number of sub-render windows inside of the main window. E.g.: specify two across with shape=(2,1) and a two by two grid with shape=(2, 2). By default there is only one renderer. Can also accept a shape as string descriptor. E.g.: - shape="3|1" means 3 plots on the left and 1 on the right, - shape="4/2" means 4 plots on top of 2 at bottom. axes : int, optional set the type of axes to be shown: - 0, no axes - 1, draw three gray grid walls - 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0) - 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0) - 4, show a triad at bottom left - 5, show a cube at bottom left - 6, mark the corners of the bounding box - 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes - 8, show the vtkCubeAxesActor object - 9, show the bounding box outLine - 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box - 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane - 12, show polar axes - 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window Axis type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary. Check addons.Axes() for the full list of options. azimuth/elevation/roll : float, optional move camera accordingly the specified value viewup: str, list either ['x', 'y', 'z'] or a vector to set vertical direction resetcam : bool re-adjust camera position to fit objects camera : dict, vtkCamera camera parameters can further be specified with a dictionary assigned to the ``camera`` keyword (E.g. `show(camera={'pos':(1,2,3), 'thickness':1000,})`) - pos, `(list)`, the position of the camera in world coordinates - focalPoint `(list)`, the focal point of the camera in world coordinates - viewup `(list)`, the view up direction for the camera - distance `(float)`, set the focal point to the specified distance from the camera position. - clippingRange `(float)`, distance of the near and far clipping planes along the direction of projection. - parallelScale `(float)`, scaling used for a parallel projection, i.e. the height of the viewport in world-coordinate distances. The default is 1. Note that the "scale" parameter works as an "inverse scale", larger numbers produce smaller images. This method has no effect in perspective projection mode. - thickness `(float)`, set the distance between clipping planes. This method adjusts the far clipping plane to be set a distance 'thickness' beyond the near clipping plane. - viewAngle `(float)`, the camera view angle, which is the angular height of the camera view measured in degrees. The default angle is 30 degrees. This method has no effect in parallel projection mode. The formula for setting the angle up for perfect perspective viewing is: angle = 2*atan((h/2)/d) where h is the height of the RenderWindow (measured by holding a ruler up to your screen) and d is the distance from your eyes to the screen. interactive : bool pause and interact with window (True) or continue execution (False) rate : float maximum rate of `show()` in Hertz mode : int, str set the type of interaction - 0 = TrackballCamera [default] - 1 = TrackballActor - 2 = JoystickCamera - 3 = JoystickActor - 4 = Flight - 5 = RubberBand2D - 6 = RubberBand3D - 7 = RubberBandZoom - 8 = Context - 9 = 3D - 10 = Terrain - 11 = Unicam q : bool force program to quit after `show()` command returns. new : bool if set to `True`, a call to show will instantiate a new Plotter object (a new window) instead of reusing the first created. """ if len(actors) == 0: actors = None elif len(actors) == 1: actors = actors[0] else: actors = utils.flatten(actors) if vedo.plotter_instance and not new: # Plotter exists plt = vedo.plotter_instance else: # Plotter must be created if utils.isSequence(at): # user passed a sequence for "at" if not utils.isSequence(actors): vedo.logger.error("in show() input must be a list.") raise RuntimeError() if len(at) != len(actors): vedo.logger.error("in show() lists 'input' and 'at' must have equal lengths") raise RuntimeError() if shape==(1, 1) and N is None: N = max(at) + 1 elif at is None and (N or shape != (1, 1)): if not utils.isSequence(actors): e = "in show(), N or shape is set, but input is not a sequence\n" e+= " you may need to specify e.g. at=0" vedo.logger.error(e) raise RuntimeError() at = list(range(len(actors))) plt = Plotter( shape=shape, N=N, pos=pos, size=size, screensize=screensize, title=title, axes=axes, sharecam=sharecam, resetcam=resetcam, interactive=interactive, offscreen=offscreen, bg=bg, bg2=bg2, backend=backend, ) # use _plt_to_return because plt.show() can return a k3d/panel plot _plt_to_return = None if utils.isSequence(at): for i, act in enumerate(actors): _plt_to_return = plt.show( act, at=i, zoom=zoom, resetcam=resetcam, viewup=viewup, azimuth=azimuth, elevation=elevation, roll=roll, camera=camera, interactive=False, mode=mode, bg=bg, bg2=bg2, axes=axes, q=q, ) if interactive or len(at)==N \ or (isinstance(shape[0],int) and len(at)==shape[0]*shape[1]): # note that shape can be a string if not offscreen and (interactive is None or interactive): plt.interactor.Start() else: _plt_to_return = plt.show( actors, at=at, zoom=zoom, resetcam=resetcam, viewup=viewup, azimuth=azimuth, elevation=elevation, roll=roll, camera=camera, interactive=interactive, mode=mode, bg=bg, bg2=bg2, axes=axes, q=q, ) return _plt_to_return
Classes
class Plotter (shape=(1, 1), N=None, pos=(0, 0), size='auto', screensize='auto', title='vedo', bg='white', bg2=None, axes=None, sharecam=True, resetcam=True, interactive=None, offscreen=False, qtWidget=None, wxWidget=None, backend=None)-
Main class to manage actors.
Parameters
shape:str, list- shape of the grid of renderers in format (rows, columns). Ignored if N is specified.
N:int- number of desired renderers arranged in a grid automatically.
pos:list- (x,y) position in pixels of top-left corner of the rendering window on the screen
size:str, list- size of the rendering window. If 'auto', guess it based on screensize.
screensize:list- physical size of the monitor screen in pixels
bg:color, str- background color or specify jpg image file name with path
bg2:color- background color of a gradient towards the top
axes:int-
- 0, no axes
- 1, draw three gray grid walls
- 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 4, show a triad at bottom left
- 5, show a cube at bottom left
- 6, mark the corners of the bounding box
- 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes
- 8, show the VTK CubeAxesActor object
- 9, show the bounding box outLine,
- 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box,
- 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane (use with zoom=8)
- 12, show polar axes.
- 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window
Note that Axes type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary axes=dict(). Check Axes() for the available options.
sharecam:bool- if False each renderer will have an independent vtkCamera
interactive:bool- if True will stop after show() to allow interaction w/ window
offscreen:bool- if True will not show the rendering window
qtWidget:QVTKRenderWindowInteractor- render in a Qt-Widget using an QVTKRenderWindowInteractor. Overrides offscreen to True. Overrides interactive to False. See Also: Example qt_windows1.py and qt_windows2.py
Expand source code
class Plotter: """ Main class to manage actors. Parameters ---------- shape : str, list shape of the grid of renderers in format (rows, columns). Ignored if N is specified. N : int number of desired renderers arranged in a grid automatically. pos : list (x,y) position in pixels of top-left corner of the rendering window on the screen size : str, list size of the rendering window. If 'auto', guess it based on screensize. screensize : list physical size of the monitor screen in pixels bg : color, str background color or specify jpg image file name with path bg2 : color background color of a gradient towards the top axes : int - 0, no axes - 1, draw three gray grid walls - 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0) - 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0) - 4, show a triad at bottom left - 5, show a cube at bottom left - 6, mark the corners of the bounding box - 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes - 8, show the VTK CubeAxesActor object - 9, show the bounding box outLine, - 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box, - 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane (use with zoom=8) - 12, show polar axes. - 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window Note that Axes type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary axes=dict(). Check Axes() for the available options. sharecam : bool if False each renderer will have an independent vtkCamera interactive : bool if True will stop after show() to allow interaction w/ window offscreen : bool if True will not show the rendering window qtWidget : QVTKRenderWindowInteractor render in a Qt-Widget using an QVTKRenderWindowInteractor. Overrides offscreen to True. Overrides interactive to False. See Also: Example qt_windows1.py and qt_windows2.py """ def __init__( self, shape=(1, 1), N=None, pos=(0, 0), size="auto", screensize="auto", title="vedo", bg="white", bg2=None, axes=None, sharecam=True, resetcam=True, interactive=None, offscreen=False, qtWidget=None, wxWidget=None, backend=None, ): vedo.notebookBackend = _embedWindow(backend) vedo.plotter_instance = self if qtWidget is not None: # overrides the interactive and offscreen properties interactive = False offscreen = True if wxWidget is not None: # overrides the interactive property interactive = False if interactive is None: if N==1: interactive = True elif N or shape != (1, 1): interactive = False else: interactive = True self.actors = [] # list of actors to be shown self.clickedActor = None # holds the actor that has been clicked self.renderer = None # current renderer self.renderers = [] # list of renderers self.shape = shape # don't remove this line self._interactive = interactive # allows to interact with renderer self.axes = axes # show axes type nr. self.title = title # window title self.sharecam = sharecam # share the same camera if multiple renderers self.picker = None # the vtkPicker object self.picked2d = None # 2d coords of a clicked point on the rendering window self.picked3d = None # 3d coords of a clicked point on an actor self.offscreen = offscreen self.resetcam = resetcam self.qtWidget = qtWidget # QVTKRenderWindowInteractor self.wxWidget = wxWidget # wxVTKRenderWindowInteractor self.skybox = None self.frames = None # holds the output of addons.addRendererFrame # mostly internal stuff: self.hoverLegends = [] self.backgrcol = bg self.pos = pos # used by vedo.io self.justremoved = None self.axes_instances = [] self._icol = 0 self.clock = 0 self._clockt0 = time.time() self.sliders = [] self.buttons = [] self.widgets = [] self.cutterWidget = None self.flagWidget = None self._flagRep = None self.scalarbars = [] self.backgroundRenderer = None self.keyPressFunction = None # obsolete! use plotter.callBack() self.mouseLeftClickFunction = None # obsolete! use plotter.callBack() self.mouseMiddleClickFunction = None # obsolete! use plotter.callBack() self.mouseRightClickFunction = None # obsolete! use plotter.callBack() self._first_viewup = True self._extralight = None self.size = size self.interactor = None self.camera = None self.keyheld = '' ##################################################################### notebookBackend = vedo.notebookBackend if notebookBackend: if notebookBackend == '2d': self.offscreen = True if self.size == "auto": self.size = (900, 700) elif notebookBackend == "k3d" or "ipygany" in notebookBackend: self._interactive = False self.interactor = None self.window = None self.camera = None # let the backend choose if self.size == "auto": self.size = (1000, 1000) ############################################################# return ###################################################### ############################################################# ##################################################################### # build the rendering window: self.window = vtk.vtkRenderWindow() self.escaped = False self.window.GlobalWarningDisplayOff() self.window.SetWindowName(self.title) self._repeating_timer_id = None self._timer_event_id = None # more settings if settings.useDepthPeeling: self.window.SetAlphaBitPlanes(settings.alphaBitPlanes) self.window.SetMultiSamples(settings.multiSamples) self.window.SetPolygonSmoothing(settings.polygonSmoothing) self.window.SetLineSmoothing(settings.lineSmoothing) self.window.SetPointSmoothing(settings.pointSmoothing) # sort out screen size if screensize == "auto": screensize = (2160, 1440) # might go wrong, use a default 1.5 ratio ### BUG in GetScreenSize in VTK 9.1.0 ### https://discourse.vtk.org/t/vtk9-1-0-problems/7094/3 if settings.hackCallScreenSize: # True vtkvers = vedo.vtk_version if not self.offscreen and (vtkvers[0]<9 or vtkvers[0]==9 and vtkvers[1]==0): aus = self.window.GetScreenSize() if aus and len(aus) == 2 and aus[0] > 100 and aus[1] > 100: # seems ok if aus[0] / aus[1] > 2: # looks like there are 2 or more screens screensize = (int(aus[0] / 2), aus[1]) else: screensize = aus x, y = screensize if N: # N = number of renderers. Find out the best if shape != (1, 1): # arrangement based on minimum nr. of empty renderers vedo.logger.warning("having set N, shape is ignored.") nx = int(np.sqrt(int(N * y / x) + 1)) ny = int(np.sqrt(int(N * x / y) + 1)) lm = [ (nx, ny), (nx, ny + 1), (nx - 1, ny), (nx + 1, ny), (nx, ny - 1), (nx - 1, ny + 1), (nx + 1, ny - 1), (nx + 1, ny + 1), (nx - 1, ny - 1), ] ind, minl = 0, 1000 for i, m in enumerate(lm): l = m[0] * m[1] if N <= l < minl: ind = i minl = l shape = lm[ind] ################################################## if isinstance(shape, str): if '|' in shape: if self.size == "auto": self.size = (800, 1200) n = int(shape.split('|')[0]) m = int(shape.split('|')[1]) rangen = reversed(range(n)) rangem = reversed(range(m)) else: if self.size == "auto": self.size = (1200, 800) m = int(shape.split('/')[0]) n = int(shape.split('/')[1]) rangen = range(n) rangem = range(m) if n>=m: xsplit = m/(n+m) else: xsplit = 1-n/(n+m) if settings.windowSplittingPosition: xsplit = settings.windowSplittingPosition for i in rangen: arenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer() if '|' in shape: arenderer.SetViewport(0, i/n, xsplit, (i+1)/n) else: arenderer.SetViewport(i/n, 0, (i+1)/n, xsplit ) self.renderers.append(arenderer) for i in rangem: arenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer() if '|' in shape: arenderer.SetViewport(xsplit, i/m, 1, (i+1)/m) else: arenderer.SetViewport(i/m, xsplit, (i+1)/m, 1) self.renderers.append(arenderer) for r in self.renderers: r.SetUseHiddenLineRemoval(settings.hiddenLineRemoval) r.SetLightFollowCamera(settings.lightFollowsCamera) r.SetUseDepthPeeling(settings.useDepthPeeling) #r.SetUseDepthPeelingForVolumes(settings.useDepthPeeling) if settings.useDepthPeeling: r.SetMaximumNumberOfPeels(settings.maxNumberOfPeels) r.SetOcclusionRatio(settings.occlusionRatio) r.SetUseFXAA(settings.useFXAA) r.SetPreserveDepthBuffer(settings.preserveDepthBuffer) r.SetBackground(vedo.getColor(self.backgrcol)) self.axes_instances.append(None) self.shape = (n+m,) elif utils.isSequence(shape) and isinstance(shape[0], dict): # passing a sequence of dicts for renderers specifications if self.size == "auto": self.size = (1200,900) for rd in shape: x0, y0 = rd['bottomleft'] x1, y1 = rd['topright'] bg_ = rd.pop('bg', 'white') bg2_ = rd.pop('bg2', None) arenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer() arenderer.SetUseHiddenLineRemoval(settings.hiddenLineRemoval) arenderer.SetLightFollowCamera(settings.lightFollowsCamera) arenderer.SetUseDepthPeeling(settings.useDepthPeeling) #arenderer.SetUseDepthPeelingForVolumes(settings.useDepthPeeling) if settings.useDepthPeeling: arenderer.SetMaximumNumberOfPeels(settings.maxNumberOfPeels) arenderer.SetOcclusionRatio(settings.occlusionRatio) arenderer.SetUseFXAA(settings.useFXAA) arenderer.SetPreserveDepthBuffer(settings.preserveDepthBuffer) arenderer.SetViewport(x0, y0, x1, y1) arenderer.SetBackground(vedo.getColor(bg_)) if bg2_: arenderer.GradientBackgroundOn() arenderer.SetBackground2(vedo.getColor(bg2_)) self.renderers.append(arenderer) self.axes_instances.append(None) self.shape = (len(shape),) else: if self.size == "auto": # figure out a reasonable window size f = 1.5 xs = y / f * shape[1] # because y<x ys = y / f * shape[0] if xs > x / f: # shrink xs = x / f ys = xs / shape[1] * shape[0] if ys > y / f: ys = y / f xs = ys / shape[0] * shape[1] self.size = (int(xs), int(ys)) if shape == (1, 1): self.size = (int(y / f), int(y / f)) # because y<x else: self.size = (self.size[0], self.size[1]) image_actor=None bgname = str(self.backgrcol).lower() if ".jpg" in bgname or ".jpeg" in bgname or ".png" in bgname: self.window.SetNumberOfLayers(2) self.backgroundRenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer() self.backgroundRenderer.SetLayer(0) self.backgroundRenderer.InteractiveOff() self.backgroundRenderer.SetBackground(vedo.getColor(bg2)) image_actor = vedo.Picture(self.backgrcol) self.window.AddRenderer(self.backgroundRenderer) self.backgroundRenderer.AddActor(image_actor) for i in reversed(range(shape[0])): for j in range(shape[1]): arenderer = vtk.vtkRenderer() arenderer.SetUseHiddenLineRemoval(settings.hiddenLineRemoval) arenderer.SetLightFollowCamera(settings.lightFollowsCamera) arenderer.SetTwoSidedLighting(settings.twoSidedLighting) arenderer.SetUseDepthPeeling(settings.useDepthPeeling) #arenderer.SetUseDepthPeelingForVolumes(settings.useDepthPeeling) if settings.useDepthPeeling: arenderer.SetMaximumNumberOfPeels(settings.maxNumberOfPeels) arenderer.SetOcclusionRatio(settings.occlusionRatio) arenderer.SetUseFXAA(settings.useFXAA) arenderer.SetPreserveDepthBuffer(settings.preserveDepthBuffer) if image_actor: arenderer.SetLayer(1) arenderer.SetBackground(vedo.getColor(self.backgrcol)) if bg2: arenderer.GradientBackgroundOn() arenderer.SetBackground2(vedo.getColor(bg2)) x0 = i / shape[0] y0 = j / shape[1] x1 = (i + 1) / shape[0] y1 = (j + 1) / shape[1] arenderer.SetViewport(y0, x0, y1, x1) self.renderers.append(arenderer) self.axes_instances.append(None) self.shape = shape if len(self.renderers): self.renderer = self.renderers[0] self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() if self.size[0] == 'f': # full screen self.size = 'fullscreen' self.window.SetFullScreen(True) self.window.BordersOn() else: self.window.SetSize(int(self.size[0]), int(self.size[1])) if self.wxWidget is not None: settings.immediateRendering = False # overrride self.window = self.wxWidget.GetRenderWindow() # overwrite self.interactor = self.window.GetInteractor() for r in self.renderers: self.window.AddRenderer(r) self.wxWidget.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera()) self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() # if settings.enableDefaultMouseCallbacks: # self.wxWidget.AddObserver("LeftButtonPressEvent", self._mouseleft) # self.wxWidget.AddObserver("RightButtonPressEvent", self._mouseright) # self.wxWidget.AddObserver("MiddleButtonPressEvent", self._mousemiddle) # if settings.enableDefaultKeyboardCallbacks: # self.wxWidget.AddObserver("KeyPressEvent", self._keypress) # self.wxWidget.AddObserver("KeyReleaseEvent", self._keyrelease) ######################## return ################# ######################## if self.qtWidget is not None: self.interactor = self.qtWidget.GetRenderWindow().GetInteractor() self.window = self.qtWidget.GetRenderWindow() # overwrite ######################## return ################# ######################## self.window.SetPosition(pos) for r in self.renderers: self.window.AddRenderer(r) if self.offscreen: if self.axes == 4 or self.axes == 5: self.axes = 0 #doesn't work with those self.window.SetOffScreenRendering(True) self._interactive = False self.interactor = None ######################## return ################# ######################## if vedo.notebookBackend == "panel": ######################## return ################# ######################## self.interactor = vtk.vtkRenderWindowInteractor() # self.interactor.EnableRenderOff() self.interactor.SetRenderWindow(self.window) vsty = vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera() self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vsty) # this is causing crash in clone_viewer if disabled :(( if settings.enableDefaultMouseCallbacks: self.interactor.AddObserver("LeftButtonPressEvent", self._mouseleft) self.interactor.AddObserver("RightButtonPressEvent", self._mouseright) self.interactor.AddObserver("MiddleButtonPressEvent", self._mousemiddle) if settings.enableDefaultKeyboardCallbacks: self.interactor.AddObserver("KeyPressEvent", self._keypress) self.interactor.AddObserver("KeyReleaseEvent", self._keyrelease) if settings.allowInteraction: def win_interact(iren, event): # flushing interactor events if event == "TimerEvent": iren.ExitCallback() self._timer_event_id = self.interactor.AddObserver("TimerEvent", win_interact) return ############################################################## ##################################################################### ..init ends here. def allowInteraction(self): """Call this method from inside a loop to allow mouse and keyboard interaction.""" if self.interactor and self._timer_event_id is not None and settings.immediateRendering: self._repeatingtimer_id = self.interactor.CreateRepeatingTimer(1) self.interactor.Start() if self.interactor: self.interactor.DestroyTimer(self._repeatingtimer_id) self._repeatingtimer_id = None return self def __iadd__(self, actors): self.add(actors, render=False) return self def __isub__(self, actors): self.remove(actors, render=False) return self def __enter__(self): # context manager like in "with Plotter() as plt:" return self def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs): # context manager like in "with Plotter() as plt:" self.close() return None def at(self, nren, yren=None): """ Select the current renderer number as an int. Can also use the [nx, ny] format. """ if yren is not None: nren = (yren) * self.shape[1] + (nren) if nren < 0 or nren > len(self.renderers): vedo.logger.error(f"at({nren, yren}) is malformed!") raise RuntimeError self.renderer = self.renderers[nren] self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() return self def add(self, *actors, at=None, render=True, resetcam=False): """ Append the input objects to the internal list of actors to be shown. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions. Parameters ---------- at : int add the object at the specified renderer render : bool render the scene after adding the objects (True by default) """ if at is not None: ren = self.renderers[at] else: ren = self.renderer actors = utils.flatten(actors) actors = self._scan_input(actors) for a in actors: if a not in self.actors: self.actors.append(a) if ren: ren.AddActor(a) if render: if not self.interactor.GetInitialized(): vedo.logger.warning("call to add() but Plotter was not initialized with show()") else: self.render(resetcam=resetcam) return self def remove(self, *actors, at=None, render=False, resetcam=False): """ Remove input object to the internal list of actors to be shown. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions. Parameters ---------- at : int remove the object at the specified renderer render : bool render the scene after removing the objects (False by default). """ if at is not None: ren = self.renderers[at] else: ren = self.renderer actors = utils.flatten(actors) for a in actors: if isinstance(a, str): for b in self.actors: if hasattr(b, "name") and a in b.name: a = b break if isinstance(a, str): continue # did not find that name so skip if ren: ren.RemoveActor(a) if hasattr(a, 'renderedAt'): ir = self.renderers.index(ren) a.renderedAt.discard(ir) if hasattr(a, 'scalarbar') and a.scalarbar: ren.RemoveActor(a.scalarbar) if hasattr(a, 'trail') and a.trail: ren.RemoveActor(a.trail) a.trailPoints = [] if a in self.actors: i = self.actors.index(a) del self.actors[i] if render: if not self.interactor.GetInitialized(): vedo.logger.warning("call to remove(resetcam=True) but Plotter was not initialized with show()") else: self.render(resetcam=resetcam) return self def pop(self, at=None): """ Remove the last added object from the rendering window. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions. """ if at is not None and not isinstance(at, int): # wrong usage pitfall vedo.logger.error("argment of pop() must be an integer") raise RuntimeError() if len(self.actors): self.remove(self.actors[-1], at) return self def render(self, resetcam=False): """Render the scene. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions.""" if not self.window: return self if self.wxWidget: if resetcam: self.renderer.ResetCamera() self.wxWidget.Render() return self if self.qtWidget: if resetcam: self.renderer.ResetCamera() self.qtWidget.Render() return self if self.interactor: if not self.interactor.GetInitialized(): self.interactor.Initialize() # if at is not None: # disable all except i==at # self.window.EraseOff() # if at < 0: # at = at + len(self.renderers) +1 # for i, ren in enumerate(self.renderers): # if i != at: # ren.DrawOff() if vedo.vtk_version[0] == 9 and "Darwin" in vedo.sys_platform: for a in self.actors: if isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume): self.window.SetMultiSamples(0) # to fix mac OSX BUG vtk9 break self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() if resetcam: self.renderer.ResetCamera() if settings.allowInteraction: self.allowInteraction() self.window.Render() # if at is not None: # re-enable all that were disabled # for i, ren in enumerate(self.renderers): # if i != at: # ren.DrawOn() # self.window.EraseOn() return self def interactive(self): """ Start window interaction. Analogous to show(..., interactive=True). """ if self.interactor and not self.escaped: self.interactor.Start() return self def enableErase(self, value=True): """Enable erasing the redering window between render() calls.""" self.window.SetErase(value) return self def enableRenderer(self, at=None, value=True): """Enable a render() call to refresh this renderer.""" if at is None: ren = self.renderer else: ren = self.renderers[at] ren.SetDraw(value) return self def useDepthPeeling(self, at=None, value=True): """ Specify whether use depth peeling algorithm at this specific renderer Call this method before the first rendering. """ if at is None: ren = self.renderer else: ren = self.renderers[at] ren.SetUseDepthPeeling(value) return self def background(self, c1=None, c2=None, at=None): """Set the color of the background for the current renderer. A different renderer index can be specified by keyword ``at``. Parameters ---------- c1 : list, optional background main color. c2 : list, optional background color for the upper part of the window. at : int, optional renderer index. """ if not len(self.renderers): return self if at is None: r = self.renderer else: r = self.renderers[at] if r: if c1 is not None: r.SetBackground(vedo.getColor(c1)) if c2 is not None: r.GradientBackgroundOn() r.SetBackground2(vedo.getColor(c2)) else: r.GradientBackgroundOff() return self #################################################### def getMeshes(self, at=None, includeNonPickables=False): """ Return a list of Meshes from the specified renderer. Parameters ---------- at : int specify which renderer to look at. includeNonPickables : bool include non-pickable objects """ if at is None: renderer = self.renderer at = self.renderers.index(renderer) elif isinstance(at, int): renderer = self.renderers[at] has_global_axes = False if isinstance(self.axes_instances[at], vedo.Assembly): has_global_axes=True actors = [] acs = renderer.GetActors() acs.InitTraversal() for i in range(acs.GetNumberOfItems()): a = acs.GetNextItem() if isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume): continue if includeNonPickables or a.GetPickable(): if a == self.axes_instances[at]: continue if has_global_axes and a in self.axes_instances[at].actors: continue actors.append(a) return actors def getVolumes(self, at=None, includeNonPickables=False): """ Return a list of Volumes from the specified renderer. Parameters ---------- at : int specify which renderer to look at includeNonPickables : bool include non-pickable objects """ if at is None: renderer = self.renderer at = self.renderers.index(renderer) elif isinstance(at, int): renderer = self.renderers[at] vols = [] acs = renderer.GetVolumes() acs.InitTraversal() for i in range(acs.GetNumberOfItems()): a = acs.GetNextItem() if includeNonPickables or a.GetPickable(): vols.append(a) return vols def resetCamera(self, tight=None): """ Reset the camera position and zooming. If tight is specified the zooming reserves a padding space in the xy-plane expressed in percent of the average size. """ if tight is None: self.renderer.ResetCamera() else: x0, x1, y0, y1, z0, z1 = self.renderer.ComputeVisiblePropBounds() cam = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() cam.SetParallelProjection(True) self.renderer.ComputeAspect() aspect = self.renderer.GetAspect() angle = np.pi*cam.GetViewAngle()/180. dx, dy = (x1-x0)*0.999, (y1-y0)*0.999 dist = max(dx/aspect[0], dy) / np.sin(angle/2) / 2 cam.SetViewUp(0, 1, 0) cam.SetPosition(x0 + dx/2, y0 + dy/2, dist*(1+tight)) cam.SetFocalPoint(x0 + dx/2, y0 + dy/2, 0) ps = max(dx/aspect[0], dy) / 2 cam.SetParallelScale(ps*(1+tight)) self.renderer.ResetCameraClippingRange(x0, x1, y0, y1, z0, z1) return self def moveCamera(self, camstart, camstop, fraction): """ Takes as input two vtkCamera objects and set camera at an intermediate position: fraction=0 -> camstart, fraction=1 -> camstop. camstart and camstop can also be dictionaries of format: dict(pos=..., focalPoint=..., viewup=..., distance=..., clippingRange=...) Press shift-C key in interactive mode to dump a python snipplet of parameters for the current camera view. """ if fraction > 1: fraction = 1 if fraction < 0: fraction = 0 if isinstance(camstart, dict): p1 = np.asarray(camstart.pop("pos", [0,0,1])) f1 = np.asarray(camstart.pop("focalPoint", [0,0,0])) v1 = np.asarray(camstart.pop("viewup", [0,1,0])) s1 = camstart.pop("distance", None) c1 = np.asarray(camstart.pop("clippingRange", None)) else: p1 = np.array(camstart.GetPosition()) f1 = np.array(camstart.GetFocalPoint()) v1 = np.array(camstart.GetViewUp()) c1 = np.array(camstart.GetClippingRange()) s1 = camstart.GetDistance() if isinstance(camstop, dict): p2 = np.asarray(camstop.pop("pos", [0,0,1])) f2 = np.asarray(camstop.pop("focalPoint", [0,0,0])) v2 = np.asarray(camstop.pop("viewup", [0,1,0])) s2 = camstop.pop("distance", None) c2 = np.asarray(camstop.pop("clippingRange", None)) else: p2 = np.array(camstop.GetPosition()) f2 = np.array(camstop.GetFocalPoint()) v2 = np.array(camstop.GetViewUp()) c2 = np.array(camstop.GetClippingRange()) s2 = camstop.GetDistance() ufraction = 1 - fraction self.camera.SetPosition( p2 * fraction + p1 * ufraction) self.camera.SetFocalPoint(f2 * fraction + f1 * ufraction) self.camera.SetViewUp (v2 * fraction + v1 * ufraction) if s1 is not None and s2 is not None : self.camera.SetDistance(s2 * fraction + s1 * ufraction) if c1 is not None and c2 is not None: self.camera.SetClippingRange(c2 * fraction + c1 * ufraction) return self def flyTo(self, point, at=0): """ Fly camera to the specified point. Parameters ---------- point : list point in space to place camera. at : int, optional Renderer number. Example: .. code-block:: python from vedo import Cone Cone().show(axes=1).flyTo([1,0,0]).show() """ self.resetcam = False self.interactor.FlyTo(self.renderers[at], point) return self def lookAt(self, plane='xy'): """Move the camera so that it looks the specified cartesian plane""" cam = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() fp = np.array(cam.GetFocalPoint()) p = np.array(cam.GetPosition()) dist = np.linalg.norm(fp - p) plane = plane.lower() if 'x' in plane and 'y' in plane: cam.SetPosition(fp[0], fp[1], fp[2] + dist) cam.SetViewUp(0.0, 1.0, 0.0) elif 'x' in plane and 'z' in plane: cam.SetPosition(fp[0], fp[1] - dist, fp[2]) cam.SetViewUp(0.0, 0.0, 1.0) elif 'y' in plane and 'z' in plane: cam.SetPosition(fp[0] + dist, fp[1], fp[2]) cam.SetViewUp(0.0, 0.0, 1.0) else: vedo.logger.error(f"in plotter.look() cannot understand argument {plane}") return self def record(self, filename='.vedo_recorded_events.log'): """ Record camera, mouse, keystrokes and all other events. Recording can be toggled on/off by pressing key "R". Parameters ---------- filename : str, optional ascii file to store events. The default is '.vedo_recorded_events.log'. Returns ------- events : str a string descriptor of events. .. hint:: examples/basic/record_play.py """ erec = vtk.vtkInteractorEventRecorder() erec.SetInteractor(self.interactor) erec.SetFileName(filename) erec.SetKeyPressActivationValue("R") erec.EnabledOn() erec.Record() self.interactor.Start() erec.Stop() erec.EnabledOff() with open(filename, 'r') as fl: events = fl.read() erec = None return events def play(self, events='.vedo_recorded_events.log', repeats=0): """ Play camera, mouse, keystrokes and all other events. Parameters ---------- events : str, optional file o string of events. The default is '.vedo_recorded_events.log'. repeats : int, optional number of extra repeats of the same events. The default is 0. .. hint:: examples/basic/record_play.py """ erec = vtk.vtkInteractorEventRecorder() erec.SetInteractor(self.interactor) if events.endswith(".log"): erec.ReadFromInputStringOff() erec.SetFileName(events) else: erec.ReadFromInputStringOn() erec.SetInputString(events) erec.Play() for _i in range(repeats): erec.Rewind() erec.Play() erec.EnabledOff() erec = None return self def parallelProjection(self, value=True, at=None): """ Use parallel projection ``at`` a specified renderer. Object is seen from "infinite" distance, e.i. remove any perspective effects. An input value equal to -1 will toggle it on/off. """ if at is not None: r = self.renderers[at] else: r = self.renderer if value == -1: val = r.GetActiveCamera().GetParallelProjection() value = not val r.GetActiveCamera().SetParallelProjection(value) r.Modified() return self ################################################################## def addSlider2D( self, sliderfunc, xmin, xmax, value=None, pos=4, title="", font="", titleSize=1, c=None, showValue=True, delayed=False, **options, ): """ Add a slider widget which can call an external custom function. Parameters ---------- sliderfunc : external function to be called by the widget xmin : float lower value of the slider range xmax : float upper value of the slider range value : float current value of the slider range pos : list position corner number, horizontal [1-5] or vertical [11-15] it can also be specified by corners coordinates [(x1,y1), (x2,y2)] title : str title text titleSize : float title text scale [1.0] font : str title font showValue : bool if true current value is shown delayed : bool if True the callback is delayed to when the mouse is released alpha : float opacity of the scalar bar texts sliderLength : float slider length sliderWidth : float slider width endCapLength : float length of the end cap endCapWidth : float width of the end cap tubeWidth : float width of the tube titleHeight : float width of the title tformat : str format of the title .. hint:: [sliders1.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/tree/master/examples/basic/sliders1.py), sliders2.py ..image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/50738848-be033480-11d8-11e9-9b1a-c13105423a79.jpg """ return addons.addSlider2D(sliderfunc, xmin, xmax, value, pos, title, font, titleSize, c, showValue, delayed, **options) def addSlider3D( self, sliderfunc, pos1, pos2, xmin, xmax, value=None, s=0.03, t=1, title="", rotation=0, c=None, showValue=True, ): """Add a 3D slider widget which can call an external custom function. Parameters ---------- sliderfunc : function external function to be called by the widget pos1 : list first position 3D coordinates pos2 : list second position coordinates xmin : float lower value xmax : float upper value value : float initial value s : float label scaling factor t : float tube scaling factor title : str title text c : color slider color rotation : float title rotation around slider axis showValue : bool if True current value is shown .. hint:: [sliders3d.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/tree/master/examples/basic/sliders3d.py) ..image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/52859555-4efcf200-312d-11e9-9290-6988c8295163.png """ return addons.addSlider3D( sliderfunc, pos1, pos2, xmin, xmax, value, s, t, title, rotation, c, showValue ) def addButton( self, fnc, states=("On", "Off"), c=("w", "w"), bc=("dg", "dr"), pos=(0.7, 0.05), size=24, font="Normografo", bold=False, italic=False, alpha=1, angle=0, ): """ Add a button to the renderer window. Parameters ---------- states : list a list of possible states, e.g. ['On', 'Off'] c : list a list of colors for each state bc : list a list of background colors for each state pos : list 2D position in pixels from left-bottom corner size : float size of button font font : str font type bold : bool bold font face (False) italic : italic font face (False) alpha : float opacity level angle : float anticlockwise rotation in degrees .. hint:: [buttons.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/blob/master/examples/basic/buttons.py) .. image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/50738870-c0fe2500-11d8-11e9-9b78-92754f5c5968.jpg """ return addons.addButton(fnc, states, c, bc, pos, size, font, bold, italic, alpha, angle) def addSplineTool(self, points, pc='k', ps=8, lc='r4', ac='g5', lw=2, closed=False, interactive=False): """ Add a spline tool to the current plotter. Nodes of the spline can be dragged in space with the mouse. Clicking on the line itself adds an extra point. Selecting a point and pressing del removes it. Parameters ---------- points : Mesh, Points, array the set of vertices forming the spline nodes. pc : str, optional point color. The default is 'k'. ps : str, optional point size. The default is 8. lc : str, optional line color. The default is 'r4'. ac : str, optional active point marker color. The default is 'g5'. lw : int, optional line width. The default is 2. closed : bool, optional spline is meant to be closed. The default is False. Returns ------- SplineTool object. .. hint:: examples/basic/spline_tool.py """ sw = addons.SplineTool(points, pc, ps, lc, ac, lw, closed) if self.interactor: sw.SetInteractor(self.interactor) else: vedo.logger.error("in addSplineTool(), No interactor found.") raise RuntimeError sw.On() sw.Initialize(sw.points.polydata()) if sw.closed: sw.representation.ClosedLoopOn() sw.representation.SetRenderer(self.renderer) sw.representation.BuildRepresentation() sw.Render() if interactive: self.interactor.Start() else: self.interactor.Render() return sw def addCutterTool(self, obj=None, mode='box', invert=False): """Create an interactive tool to cut away parts of a mesh or volume. Parameters ---------- mode : str either "box", "plane" or "sphere" invert : bool invert selection (inside-out) .. hint:: [cutter.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/blob/master/examples/basic/cutter.py) .. image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/50738866-c0658e80-11d8-11e9-955b-551d4d8b0db5.jpg """ return addons.addCutterTool(obj, mode, invert) def addIcon(self, icon, pos=3, size=0.08): """Add an inset icon mesh into the same renderer. Parameters ---------- pos : int, list icon position in the range [1-4] indicating one of the 4 corners, or it can be a tuple (x,y) as a fraction of the renderer size. size : float size of the square inset. .. hint:: examples/other/icon.py """ return addons.addIcon(icon, pos, size) def addGlobalAxes(self, axtype=None, c=None): """Draw axes on scene. Available axes types: Parameters ---------- axtype : int - 0, no axes, - 1, draw three gray grid walls - 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0) - 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0) - 4, show a triad at bottom left - 5, show a cube at bottom left - 6, mark the corners of the bounding box - 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes - 8, show the vtkCubeAxesActor object - 9, show the bounding box outLine - 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box - 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane - 12, show polar axes - 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window Axis type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary axes=dict(). Example: .. code-block:: python from vedo import Box, show b = Box(pos=(0,0,0), length=80, width=90, height=70).alpha(0) show(b, axes={ 'xtitle':'Some long variable [a.u.]', 'numberOfDivisions':4, # ... } ) .. hint:: [customAxes1.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/blob/master/examples/pyplot/customAxes1.py) customAxes2.py, customAxes3.py, customIndividualAxes.py .. image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/72752870-ab7d5280-3bc3-11ea-8911-9ace00211e23.png """ addons.addGlobalAxes(axtype, c) return self def addLegendBox(self, **kwargs): """Add a legend to the top right. .. hint:: examples/basic/legendbox.py, examples/other/flag_labels.py """ acts = self.getMeshes() lb = addons.LegendBox(acts, **kwargs) self.add(lb) return self def addShadows(self): """Add shadows at the current renderer.""" shadows = vtk.vtkShadowMapPass() seq = vtk.vtkSequencePass() passes = vtk.vtkRenderPassCollection() passes.AddItem(shadows.GetShadowMapBakerPass()) passes.AddItem(shadows) seq.SetPasses(passes) camerapass = vtk.vtkCameraPass() camerapass.SetDelegatePass(seq) self.renderer.SetPass(camerapass) return self def addAmbientOcclusion(self, radius, bias=0.01, blur=True, samples=100): """ Screen Space Ambient Occlusion. For every pixel on the screen, the pixel shader samples the depth values around the current pixel and tries to compute the amount of occlusion from each of the sampled points. Parameters ---------- radius : float radius of influence in absolute units bias : float bias of the normals blur : bool add a blurring to the sampled positions samples : int number of samples to probe .. hint:: examples/basic/ssao.py """ lightsP = vtk.vtkLightsPass() opaqueP = vtk.vtkOpaquePass() ssaoCamP = vtk.vtkCameraPass() ssaoCamP.SetDelegatePass(opaqueP) ssaoP = vtk.vtkSSAOPass() ssaoP.SetRadius(radius) ssaoP.SetDelegatePass(ssaoCamP) ssaoP.SetBias(bias) ssaoP.SetBlur(blur) ssaoP.SetKernelSize(samples) translucentP = vtk.vtkTranslucentPass() volumeP = vtk.vtkVolumetricPass() ddpP = vtk.vtkDualDepthPeelingPass() ddpP.SetTranslucentPass(translucentP) ddpP.SetVolumetricPass(volumeP) overP = vtk.vtkOverlayPass() collection = vtk.vtkRenderPassCollection() collection.AddItem(lightsP) collection.AddItem(ssaoP) collection.AddItem(ddpP) collection.AddItem(overP) sequence = vtk.vtkSequencePass() sequence.SetPasses(collection) camP = vtk.vtkCameraPass() camP.SetDelegatePass(sequence) self.renderer.SetPass(camP) return self def _addSkybox(self, hdrfile): # many hdr files are at https://polyhaven.com/all if utils.vtkVersionIsAtLeast(9): reader = vtk.vtkHDRReader() # Check the image can be read. if not reader.CanReadFile(hdrfile): vedo.logger.error(f"Cannot read HDR file {hdrfile}") return self reader.SetFileName(hdrfile) reader.Update() texture = vtk.vtkTexture() texture.SetColorModeToDirectScalars() texture.SetInputData(reader.GetOutput()) # Convert to a cube map tcm = vtk.vtkEquirectangularToCubeMapTexture() tcm.SetInputTexture(texture) # Enable mipmapping to handle HDR image tcm.MipmapOn() tcm.InterpolateOn() self.renderer.SetEnvironmentTexture(tcm) self.renderer.UseImageBasedLightingOn() self.skybox = vtk.vtkSkybox() self.skybox.SetTexture(tcm) self.renderer.AddActor(self.skybox) else: vedo.logger.error("addSkyBox not supported in this VTK version. Skip.") return self def addRendererFrame(self, c=None, alpha=None, lw=None, padding=None): """ Add a frame to the renderer subwindow Parameters ---------- c : color color name or index alpha : float opacity level lw : int line width in pixels. padding : float padding space in pixels. """ self.frames = addons.addRendererFrame(self, c, alpha, lw, padding) return self def addHoverLegend(self, at=None, c=None, pos='bottom-left', font="Calco", s=0.75, bg='auto', alpha=0.1, precision=2, maxlength=24, useInfo=False, ): """Add a legend with 2D text which is triggered by hovering the mouse on an object. The created text object are stored in plotter.hoverLegends Parameters ---------- c : color Text color. If None then black or white is chosen automatically pos : str text positioning font : str text font type s : float text size scale bg : color background color of the 2D box containing the text alpha : float box transparency precision : int number of significant digits maxlength : int maximum number of characters per line useInfo : bool visualize the content of the obj.info attribute .. hint:: examples/basic/hoverLegend.py, examples/pyplot/earthquake_browser.py """ hoverLegend = vedo.shapes.Text2D('', pos=pos, font=font, c=c, s=s, alpha=alpha, bg=bg) if at is None: at = self.renderers.index(self.renderer) def _legfunc(evt): # helper function (png not pickable because of alpha channel in vtk9 ??) if not evt.actor or not self.renderer or at != evt.at: if hoverLegend._mapper.GetInput(): # clear and return hoverLegend._mapper.SetInput('') self.interactor.Render() return if useInfo: if hasattr(evt.actor, "info"): t = str(evt.actor.info) else: return else: t, tp = '', '' if evt.isMesh: tp = "Mesh " elif evt.isPoints: tp = "Points " # elif evt.isVolume: # todo -not working # tp = "Volume " elif evt.isPicture: tp = "Pict " elif evt.isAssembly: tp = "Assembly " else: return self if evt.isAssembly: if not evt.actor.name: t += f"Assembly object of {len(evt.actor.unpack())} parts\n" else: t += f"Assembly name: {evt.actor.name} ({len(evt.actor.unpack())} parts)" else: if evt.actor.name: t += f"{tp}name" if evt.isPoints: t += ' ' if evt.isMesh: t += ' ' t += f": {evt.actor.name[:maxlength]}".ljust(maxlength) if evt.actor.filename: if evt.actor.name: t +='\n' t += f"{tp}filename: " t += f"{os.path.basename(evt.actor.filename[-maxlength:])}".ljust(maxlength) if not evt.actor.fileSize: evt.actor.fileSize, evt.actor.created = vedo.io.fileInfo(evt.actor.filename) #BUG? if evt.actor.fileSize: t += "\n : " sz, created = evt.actor.fileSize, evt.actor.created t += f"{created[4:-5]} ({sz})" if evt.isPoints: indata = evt.actor.polydata(False) if indata.GetNumberOfPoints(): t += f"\n#points/cells: {indata.GetNumberOfPoints()}"\ f" / {indata.GetNumberOfCells()}" pdata = indata.GetPointData() cdata = indata.GetCellData() if pdata.GetScalars() and pdata.GetScalars().GetName(): t += f"\nPoint array : {pdata.GetScalars().GetName()}" if pdata.GetScalars().GetName() == evt.actor.mapper().GetArrayName(): t += " *" if cdata.GetScalars() and cdata.GetScalars().GetName(): t += f"\nCell array : {cdata.GetScalars().GetName()}" if cdata.GetScalars().GetName() == evt.actor.mapper().GetArrayName(): t += " *" if evt.isPicture: t = f"{os.path.basename(evt.actor.filename[:maxlength+10])}".ljust(maxlength+10) t += f"\nImage shape: {evt.actor.shape}" pcol = self.colorPicker(evt.picked2d) t += f"\nPixel color: {vedo.colors.rgb2hex(pcol/255)} {pcol}" # change box color if needed in 'auto' mode if evt.isPoints and 'auto' in str(bg): actcol = evt.actor.GetProperty().GetColor() if hoverLegend._mapper.GetTextProperty().GetBackgroundColor() != actcol: hoverLegend._mapper.GetTextProperty().SetBackgroundColor(actcol) # adapt to changes in bg color bgcol = self.renderers[at].GetBackground() _bgcol = c if _bgcol == None: # automatic black or white _bgcol = (0.9, 0.9, 0.9) if sum(bgcol) > 1.5: _bgcol = (0.1, 0.1, 0.1) if len(set(_bgcol).intersection(bgcol))<3: hoverLegend.color(_bgcol) if hoverLegend._mapper.GetInput() != t: hoverLegend._mapper.SetInput(t) self.interactor.Render() self.add(hoverLegend, render=False, at=at) self.hoverLegends.append(hoverLegend) self.addCallback('MouseMove', _legfunc) return self ##################################################################### def addScaleIndicator(self, pos=(0.7,0.05), s=0.02, length=2, lw=4, c='k1', alpha=1, units='', gap=0.05): """ Add a Scale Indicator. Only works in parallel mode (no perspective). Parameters ---------- pos : list, optional fractional (x,y) position on the screen. s : float, optional size of the text. length : float, optional length of the line. units : str, optional string to show units. gap : float, optional separation of line and text. Example ------- .. code-block:: python from vedo import settings, Cube, Plotter settings.useParallelProjection = True # or else it doesnt make sense! cube = Cube().alpha(0.2) plt = Plotter(size=(900,600), axes=dict(xtitle='x (um)')) plt.addScaleIndicator(units='um', c='blue4') plt.show(cube, "Scale indicator with units") """ ppoints = vtk.vtkPoints() # Generate the polyline psqr = [[0.0,gap], [length/10,gap]] dd = psqr[1][0] - psqr[0][0] for i, pt in enumerate(psqr): ppoints.InsertPoint(i, pt[0], pt[1], 0) lines = vtk.vtkCellArray() lines.InsertNextCell(len(psqr)) for i in range(len(psqr)): lines.InsertCellPoint(i) pd = vtk.vtkPolyData() pd.SetPoints(ppoints) pd.SetLines(lines) wsx, wsy = self.window.GetSize() if not settings.useParallelProjection: vedo.logger.warning("addScaleIndicator called with useParallelProjection OFF. Skip.") return None rlabel = vtk.vtkVectorText() rlabel.SetText('scale') tf = vtk.vtkTransformPolyDataFilter() tf.SetInputConnection(rlabel.GetOutputPort()) t = vtk.vtkTransform() t.Scale(s*wsy/wsx, s, 1) tf.SetTransform(t) app = vtk.vtkAppendPolyData() app.AddInputConnection(tf.GetOutputPort()) app.AddInputData(pd) mapper = vtk.vtkPolyDataMapper2D() mapper.SetInputConnection(app.GetOutputPort()) cs = vtk.vtkCoordinate() cs.SetCoordinateSystem(1) mapper.SetTransformCoordinate(cs) fractor = vtk.vtkActor2D() csys = fractor.GetPositionCoordinate() csys.SetCoordinateSystem(3) fractor.SetPosition(pos) fractor.SetMapper(mapper) fractor.GetProperty().SetColor(vedo.getColor(c)) fractor.GetProperty().SetOpacity(alpha) fractor.GetProperty().SetLineWidth(lw) fractor.GetProperty().SetDisplayLocationToForeground() def sifunc(iren, ev): wsx, wsy = self.window.GetSize() ps = self.camera.GetParallelScale() newtxt = utils.precision(ps/wsy*wsx*length*dd,3) if units: newtxt += ' '+units if rlabel.GetText() != newtxt: rlabel.SetText(newtxt) self.renderer.AddActor(fractor) self.interactor.AddObserver('MouseWheelBackwardEvent', sifunc) self.interactor.AddObserver('MouseWheelForwardEvent', sifunc) self.interactor.AddObserver('InteractionEvent', sifunc) sifunc(0,0) return fractor def addCallback(self, eventName, func, priority=0.0): """ Add a function to be executed while show() is active. Information about the event can be acquired with method getEvent(). Return a unique id for the callback. The callback function (see example below) exposes a dictionary with the following information: - name: event name, - id: event unique identifier, - priority: event priority (float), - interactor: the interactor object, - at: renderer nr. where the event occured - actor: object picked by the mouse - picked3d: point picked in world coordinates - keyPressed: key pressed as string - picked2d: screen coords of the mouse pointer - delta2d: shift wrt previous position (to calculate speed, direction) - delta3d: ...same but in 3D world coords - angle2d: angle of mouse movement on screen - speed2d: speed of mouse movement on screen - speed3d: speed of picked point in world coordinates - isPoints: True if of class - isMesh: True if of class - isAssembly: True if of class - isVolume: True if of class Volume - isPicture: True if of class Frequently used events are: - KeyPress, KeyRelease: listen to keyboard events - LeftButtonPress, LeftButtonRelease: listen to mouse clicks - MiddleButtonPress, MiddleButtonRelease - RightButtonPress, RightButtonRelease - MouseMove: listen to mouse pointer changing position - MouseWheelForward, MouseWheelBackward - Enter, Leave: listen to mouse entering or leaving the window - Pick, StartPick, EndPick: listen to object picking - ResetCamera, ResetCameraClippingRange - Error, Warning - Char - Timer Check the complete list of events here: https://vtk.org/doc/nightly/html/classvtkCommand.html Example: .. code-block:: python from vedo import * def func(evt): # called every time the mouse moves # evt is a dotted dictionary if not evt.actor: return # no hit, return print("point coords =", evt.picked3d) # print("full event dump:", evt) elli = Ellipsoid() plt = show(elli, axes=1, interactive=False) plt.addCallback('MouseMove', func) interactive() .. hint:: examples/advanced/spline_draw.py, examples/basic/colorlines.py, ... """ if not self.interactor: return None # as vtk names are ugly and difficult to remember: ln = eventName.lower() if "click" in ln or "button" in ln: eventName="LeftButtonPress" if "right" in ln: eventName="RightButtonPress" elif "mid" in ln: eventName="MiddleButtonPress" if "release" in ln: # eventName = eventName.replace("Press","Release") # vtk bug eventName="EndInteraction" else: if "key" in ln: if 'release' in ln: eventName="KeyRelease" else: eventName="KeyPress" if ("mouse" in ln and "mov" in ln) or "over" in ln: eventName="MouseMove" if "timer" in ln: eventName="Timer" if not eventName.endswith('Event'): eventName += 'Event' def _func_wrap(iren, ename): x, y = self.interactor.GetEventPosition() self.renderer = self.interactor.FindPokedRenderer(x, y) if not self.picker: self.picker = vtk.vtkPropPicker() self.picked2d = (x,y) self.picker.PickProp(x, y, self.renderer) xp, yp = self.interactor.GetLastEventPosition() actor = self.picker.GetProp3D() delta3d = np.array([0,0,0]) if actor: picked3d = np.array(self.picker.GetPickPosition()) if isinstance(actor, vedo.base.Base3DProp): # needed! if actor.picked3d is not None: delta3d = picked3d - actor.picked3d actor.picked3d = picked3d else: picked3d = None if not actor: # try 2D actor = self.picker.GetActor2D() dx, dy = x-xp, y-yp event_dict = utils.dotdict({ "name": ename, "title": self.title, # window title, can be used as an id for the Plotter "id": cid, "priority": priority, "at": self.renderers.index(self.renderer), "actor": actor, "picked3d": picked3d, "keyPressed": self.interactor.GetKeySym(), "picked2d": (x,y), "delta2d": (dx, dy), "angle2d": np.arctan2(dy,dx), "speed2d": np.sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy), "delta3d": delta3d, "speed3d": np.sqrt(np.dot(delta3d,delta3d)), "isPoints": isinstance(actor, vedo.Points), "isMesh": isinstance(actor, vedo.Mesh), "isAssembly": isinstance(actor, vedo.Assembly), "isVolume": isinstance(actor, vedo.Volume), "isPicture": isinstance(actor, vedo.Picture), "isActor2D": isinstance(actor, vtk.vtkActor2D), }) func(event_dict) return ## _func_wrap if self._timer_event_id is not None: # lets remove the existing allowInteraction callback # to avoid interference with the user one self.interactor.RemoveObserver(self._timer_event_id) self._timer_event_id = None cid = self.interactor.AddObserver(eventName, _func_wrap, priority) vedo.logger.debug(f'registering event: {eventName} with id={cid}') return cid def removeCallback(self, cid): """ Remove a callback function by its id or a whole category of callbacks by their name. Parameters ---------- cid : int, str Unique id of the callback. If an event name is passed all callbacks of that type are removed. """ if self.interactor: if isinstance(cid, str): # as vtk names are ugly and difficult to remember: ln = cid.lower() if "click" in ln or "button" in ln: cid="LeftButtonPress" if "right" in ln: cid="RightButtonPress" elif "mid" in ln: cid="MiddleButtonPress" if "release" in ln: cid.replace("Press","Release") else: if "key" in ln: if 'release' in ln: cid="KeyRelease" else: cid="KeyPress" if ("mouse" in ln and "mov" in ln) or "over" in ln: cid="MouseMove" if "timer" in ln: cid="Timer" if not cid.endswith('Event'): cid += 'Event' self.interactor.RemoveObservers(cid) else: self.interactor.RemoveObserver(cid) return self def timerCallback(self, action, timerId=None, dt=10, oneShot=False): """ Activate or destroy an existing Timer Event callback. Parameters ---------- action : str Either "create" or "destroy" timerId : int When destroying the timer, the ID of the timer as returned when created dt : int time in milliseconds between each repeated call oneShot: bool create a one shot timer of prescribed duration instead of a repeating one .. hint:: examples/advanced/timer_callback1.py, examples/advanced/timer_callback2.py """ if action == "create": if oneShot: timer_id = self.interactor.CreateOneShotTimer(dt) else: timer_id = self.interactor.CreateRepeatingTimer(dt) return timer_id elif action == "destroy": if timerId is not None: self.interactor.DestroyTimer(timerId) else: e = "in plotter.timer(). Cannot understand action:\n" e+= " allowed actions: [create, destroy]" vedo.logger.error(e) return self def computeWorldPosition(self, pos2d, at=None, objs=(), bounds=(), offset=None, pixeltol=None, worldtol=None, ): """ Transform a 2D point on the screen into a 3D point inside the rendering scene. If a set of meshes is passed then points are placed onto these. Parameters ---------- pos2d : list 2D screen coordinates point. at : int, optional renderer number. objs : list, optional list of Mesh objects to project the point onto. bounds : list, optional specify a bounding box as [xmin,xmax, ymin,ymax, zmin,zmax]. offset : float, optional specify an offset value. pixeltol : int, optional screen tolerance in pixels. worldtol : float, optional world coordinates tolerance. Returns ------- numpy array the point in 3D world coordinates. .. hint:: examples/basic/cutFreeHand.py, examples/basic/mousehover3.py """ if at is not None: renderer = self.renderers[at] else: renderer = self.renderer if not objs: pp = vtk.vtkFocalPlanePointPlacer() else: pp = vtk.vtkPolygonalSurfacePointPlacer() for ob in objs: pp.AddProp(ob) if len(bounds)==6: pp.SetPointBounds(bounds) if pixeltol: pp.SetPixelTolerance(pixeltol) if worldtol: pp.SetWorldTolerance(worldtol) if offset: pp.SetOffset(offset) worldPos = [0,0,0] worldOrient = [0,0,0, 0,0,0, 0,0,0] pp.ComputeWorldPosition(renderer, pos2d, worldPos, worldOrient) # validw = pp.ValidateWorldPosition(worldPos, worldOrient) # validd = pp.ValidateDisplayPosition(renderer, pos2d) return np.array(worldPos) def _scan_input(self, wannabeacts): # scan the input of show if not utils.isSequence(wannabeacts): wannabeacts = [wannabeacts] scannedacts = [] for a in wannabeacts: # scan content of list if a is None: pass elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkActor): scannedacts.append(a) if isinstance(a, vedo.base.BaseActor): if a.shadows: a._updateShadows() scannedacts.extend(a.shadows) if a.trail and a.trail not in self.actors: a._updateTrail() scannedacts.append(a.trail) # trails may also have shadows: if a.trail.shadows: a.trail._updateShadows() scannedacts.extend(a.trail.shadows) if a._caption and a._caption not in self.actors: scannedacts.append(a._caption) elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkActor2D): scannedacts.append(a) elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkAssembly): scannedacts.append(a) if a.trail and a.trail not in self.actors: scannedacts.append(a.trail) elif isinstance(a, (vedo.Volume, vedo.VolumeSlice)): scannedacts.append(a) elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkImageData): scannedacts.append(vedo.Volume(a)) elif isinstance(a, vedo.TetMesh): # check ugrid is all made of tets ugrid = a.inputdata() uarr = ugrid.GetCellTypesArray() celltypes = np.unique(utils.vtk2numpy(uarr)) ncelltypes = len(celltypes) if ncelltypes > 1 or (ncelltypes==1 and celltypes[0]!=10): scannedacts.append(a.tomesh()) else: if not ugrid.GetPointData().GetScalars(): if not ugrid.GetCellData().GetScalars(): #add dummy array for vtkProjectedTetrahedraMapper to work: a.addCellArray(np.ones(a.NCells()), 'DummyOneArray') scannedacts.append(a) elif isinstance(a, vedo.UGrid): scannedacts.append(a.tomesh()) elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume): # order matters! dont move above TetMesh vvol = vedo.Volume(a.GetMapper().GetInput()) vprop = vtk.vtkVolumeProperty() vprop.DeepCopy(a.GetProperty()) vvol.SetProperty(vprop) scannedacts.append(vvol) elif isinstance(a, str): # assume a 2D comment was given changed = False # check if one already exists so to just update text if self.renderer: # might be jupyter acs = self.renderer.GetActors2D() acs.InitTraversal() for i in range(acs.GetNumberOfItems()): act = acs.GetNextItem() if isinstance(act, vedo.shapes.Text2D): aposx, aposy = act.GetPosition() if aposx<0.01 and aposy>0.99: # "top-left" act.text(a) # update content! no appending nada changed = True break if not changed: out = vedo.shapes.Text2D(a) # append a new one scannedacts.append(out) elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkImageActor): scannedacts.append(a) elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkBillboardTextActor3D): scannedacts.append(a) elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkLight): self.renderer.AddLight(a) elif isinstance(a, vtk.vtkMultiBlockDataSet): for i in range(a.GetNumberOfBlocks()): b = a.GetBlock(i) if isinstance(b, vtk.vtkPolyData): scannedacts.append(vedo.Mesh(b)) elif isinstance(b, vtk.vtkImageData): scannedacts.append(vedo.Volume(b)) elif "PolyData" in str(type(a)): # assume pyvista or vtkPolydata scannedacts.append(vedo.Mesh(a)) elif "dolfin" in str(type(a)): # assume a dolfin.Mesh object scannedacts.append(vedo.dolfin.MeshActor(a)) elif "trimesh" in str(type(a)): scannedacts.append(utils.trimesh2vedo(a)) elif "meshlab" in str(type(a)): if "MeshSet" in str(type(a)): for i in range(a.number_meshes()): if a.mesh_id_exists(i): scannedacts.append(vedo.Mesh(utils.meshlab2vedo(a.mesh(i)))) else: scannedacts.append(vedo.Mesh(utils.meshlab2vedo(a))) else: vedo.logger.error(f"cannot understand input in show(): {type(a)}") return scannedacts def show(self, *actors, at=None, axes=None, resetcam=None, zoom=False, interactive=None, viewup="", azimuth=0, elevation=0, roll=0, camera=None, mode=0, rate=None, bg=None, bg2=None, size=None, title=None, q=False, ): """ Render a list of actors. Parameters ---------- at : int, optional number of the renderer to plot to, in case of more than one exists shape : list, str, optional Number of sub-render windows inside of the main window. E.g.: specify two across with shape=(2,1) and a two by two grid with shape=(2, 2). By default there is only one renderer. Can also accept a shape as string descriptor. E.g.: - shape="3|1" means 3 plots on the left and 1 on the right, - shape="4/2" means 4 plots on top of 2 at bottom. axes : int, optional set the type of axes to be shown: - 0, no axes - 1, draw three gray grid walls - 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0) - 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0) - 4, show a triad at bottom left - 5, show a cube at bottom left - 6, mark the corners of the bounding box - 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes - 8, show the vtkCubeAxesActor object - 9, show the bounding box outLine - 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box - 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane - 12, show polar axes - 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window Axis type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary. Check addons.Axes() for the full list of options. azimuth/elevation/roll : float, optional move camera accordingly the specified value viewup: str, list either ['x', 'y', 'z'] or a vector to set vertical direction resetcam : bool re-adjust camera position to fit objects camera : dict, vtkCamera camera parameters can further be specified with a dictionary assigned to the ``camera`` keyword (E.g. `show(camera={'pos':(1,2,3), 'thickness':1000,})`) - pos, `(list)`, the position of the camera in world coordinates - focalPoint `(list)`, the focal point of the camera in world coordinates - viewup `(list)`, the view up direction for the camera - distance `(float)`, set the focal point to the specified distance from the camera position. - clippingRange `(float)`, distance of the near and far clipping planes along the direction of projection. - parallelScale `(float)`, scaling used for a parallel projection, i.e. the height of the viewport in world-coordinate distances. The default is 1. Note that the "scale" parameter works as an "inverse scale", larger numbers produce smaller images. This method has no effect in perspective projection mode. - thickness `(float)`, set the distance between clipping planes. This method adjusts the far clipping plane to be set a distance 'thickness' beyond the near clipping plane. - viewAngle `(float)`, the camera view angle, which is the angular height of the camera view measured in degrees. The default angle is 30 degrees. This method has no effect in parallel projection mode. The formula for setting the angle up for perfect perspective viewing is: angle = 2*atan((h/2)/d) where h is the height of the RenderWindow (measured by holding a ruler up to your screen) and d is the distance from your eyes to the screen. interactive : bool pause and interact with window (True) or continue execution (False) rate : float maximum rate of `show()` in Hertz mode : int, str set the type of interaction - 0 = TrackballCamera [default] - 1 = TrackballActor - 2 = JoystickCamera - 3 = JoystickActor - 4 = Flight - 5 = RubberBand2D - 6 = RubberBand3D - 7 = RubberBandZoom - 8 = Context - 9 = 3D - 10 = Terrain - 11 = Unicam q : bool force program to quit after `show()` command returns. """ if self.wxWidget: return self # check if the widow needs to be closed (ESC button was hit) if self.escaped: if not self.window: return self # do nothing, just return self (was already closed) for r in self.renderers: r.RemoveAllObservers() self.closeWindow() return self if len(self.renderers): # in case of notebooks if at is None: at = self.renderers.index(self.renderer) else: if at >= len(self.renderers): t = f"trying to show(at={at}) but only {len(self.renderers)} renderers exist" vedo.logger.error(t) return self self.renderer = self.renderers[at] if title is not None: self.title = title if size is not None: self.size = size if self.size[0] == 'f': # full screen self.size = 'fullscreen' self.window.SetFullScreen(True) self.window.BordersOn() else: self.window.SetSize(int(self.size[0]), int(self.size[1])) if not vedo.notebookBackend: if str(bg).endswith(".hdr"): self._addSkybox(bg) else: if bg is not None: self.backgrcol = vedo.getColor(bg) self.renderer.SetBackground(self.backgrcol) if bg2 is not None: self.renderer.GradientBackgroundOn() self.renderer.SetBackground2(vedo.getColor(bg2)) if axes is not None: if isinstance(axes, vedo.Assembly): # user passing show(..., axes=myaxes) actors = list(actors) actors.append(axes) # move it into the list of normal things to show axes = 0 self.axes = axes if self.offscreen: interactive = False self._interactive = False if camera is not None: self.resetcam = False if isinstance(camera, vtk.vtkCamera): self.camera = camera if resetcam is not None: self.resetcam = resetcam # if user passes a list of actors forget about everithing and show those if len(actors) == 0: actors = None elif len(actors) == 1: actors = actors[0] else: actors = utils.flatten(actors) actors2show = [] if actors is not None: self.actors = [] actors2show = self._scan_input(actors) for a in actors2show: if a not in self.actors: self.actors.append(a) # update all trailing lines for a in self.actors: try: if a.trail: a._updateTrail() except AttributeError: pass # Backend ############################################################### if vedo.notebookBackend: if vedo.notebookBackend in ['k3d', 'ipygany', 'itkwidgets']: return backends.getNotebookBackend(self.actors, zoom, viewup) ######################################################################### # remove all old shadows from the scene shad_acs = self.renderer.GetActors() shad_acs.InitTraversal() for i in range(shad_acs.GetNumberOfItems()): a = shad_acs.GetNextItem() try: if a.name == "Shadow": self.renderer.RemoveActor(a) except AttributeError: pass # rendering for ia in actors2show: if not ia: continue self.renderer.AddActor(ia) if isinstance(ia, vedo.base.Base3DProp): if ia._set2actcam: ia.SetCamera(self.camera) # used by mesh.followCamera() ia.renderedAt.add(at) # set.add() if ia.scalarbar: self.renderer.AddActor(ia.scalarbar) # fix gray color labels and title to white or black if isinstance(ia.scalarbar, vtk.vtkScalarBarActor): ltc = np.array(ia.scalarbar.GetLabelTextProperty().GetColor()) if np.linalg.norm(ltc-(.5,.5,.5))/3 < 0.05: c = (0.9, 0.9, 0.9) if np.sum(self.renderer.GetBackground()) > 1.5: c = (0.1, 0.1, 0.1) ia.scalarbar.GetLabelTextProperty().SetColor(c) ia.scalarbar.GetTitleTextProperty().SetColor(c) if ia.scalarbar not in self.scalarbars: self.scalarbars.append(ia.scalarbar) if (self.interactor and not self.offscreen and not (vedo.vtk_version[0] == 9 and "Linux" in vedo.sys_platform) # Linux vtk9 is bugged ): #check balloons if ia.flagText: if not self.flagWidget: # Create widget on the fly self._flagRep = vtk.vtkBalloonRepresentation() self._flagRep.SetBalloonLayoutToImageRight() breppr = self._flagRep.GetTextProperty() breppr.SetFontFamily(vtk.VTK_FONT_FILE) breppr.SetFontFile(utils.getFontPath(settings.flagFont)) breppr.SetFontSize(settings.flagFontSize) breppr.SetColor(vedo.getColor(settings.flagColor)) breppr.SetBackgroundColor(vedo.getColor(settings.flagBackgroundColor)) breppr.SetShadow(settings.flagShadow) breppr.SetJustification(settings.flagJustification) breppr.UseTightBoundingBoxOn() if settings.flagAngle: breppr.SetOrientation(settings.flagAngle) breppr.SetBackgroundOpacity(0) self.flagWidget = vtk.vtkBalloonWidget() self.flagWidget.SetTimerDuration(settings.flagDelay) self.flagWidget.ManagesCursorOff() self.flagWidget.SetRepresentation(self._flagRep) self.flagWidget.SetInteractor(self.interactor) self.widgets.append(self.flagWidget) bst = self.flagWidget.GetBalloonString(ia) if bst: if bst != ia.flagText: self.flagWidget.UpdateBalloonString(ia, ia.flagText) else: self.flagWidget.AddBalloon(ia, ia.flagText) if ia.flagText is False and self.flagWidget: self.flagWidget.RemoveBalloon(ia) if interactive is not None: self._interactive = interactive if self.interactor: if not self.interactor.GetInitialized(): self.interactor.Initialize() self.interactor.RemoveObservers("CharEvent") self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() self.camera.SetParallelProjection(settings.useParallelProjection) if self.sharecam: for r in self.renderers: r.SetActiveCamera(self.camera) if self.qtWidget is not None: self.qtWidget.GetRenderWindow().AddRenderer(self.renderer) if vedo.vtk_version[0] == 9 and "Darwin" in vedo.sys_platform: for a in self.actors: if isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume): self.window.SetMultiSamples(0) # to fix mac OSX BUG vtk9 break if self.axes is not None: if viewup != "2d" or self.axes in [1, 8] or isinstance(self.axes, dict): addons.addGlobalAxes(self.axes) # panel ################################################################# if vedo.notebookBackend in ["panel","ipyvtk"]: return backends.getNotebookBackend(0, 0, 0) ######################################################################### if self.resetcam: self.renderer.ResetCamera() if len(self.renderers) > 1: self.frames = self.addRendererFrame() if self.flagWidget: self.flagWidget.EnabledOn() if zoom: if zoom == "tight": self.resetCamera(tight=0.04) elif zoom == "tightest": self.resetCamera(tight=0.0001) else: self.camera.Zoom(zoom) if elevation: self.camera.Elevation(elevation) if azimuth: self.camera.Azimuth(azimuth) if roll: self.camera.Roll(roll) if self._first_viewup and len(viewup): self._first_viewup = False # gets executed only once if viewup == "x": self.camera.SetViewUp([1, 0.001, 0]) elif viewup == "y": self.camera.SetViewUp([0.001, 1, 0]) elif viewup == "z": b = self.renderer.ComputeVisiblePropBounds() self.camera.SetViewUp([0, 0.001, 1]) cm = [(b[1]+b[0])/2, (b[3]+b[2])/2, (b[5]+b[4])/2] sz = np.array([(b[1]-b[0])*0.7, -(b[3]-b[2])*1.0, (b[5]-b[4])*1.2]) self.camera.SetPosition(cm+2*sz) elif viewup == "2d": mode = 12 if isinstance(camera, dict): camera = dict(camera) # make a copy so input is not emptied by pop() cm_pos = camera.pop("pos", None) cm_focalPoint = camera.pop("focalPoint", None) cm_viewup = camera.pop("viewup", None) cm_distance = camera.pop("distance", None) cm_clippingRange = camera.pop("clippingRange", None) cm_parallelScale = camera.pop("parallelScale", None) cm_thickness = camera.pop("thickness", None) cm_viewAngle = camera.pop("viewAngle", None) if len(camera.keys()): vedo.logger.warning(f"in show(cam=...), key(s) not recognized: {camera.keys()}") if cm_pos is not None: self.camera.SetPosition(cm_pos) if cm_focalPoint is not None: self.camera.SetFocalPoint(cm_focalPoint) if cm_viewup is not None: self.camera.SetViewUp(cm_viewup) if cm_distance is not None: self.camera.SetDistance(cm_distance) if cm_clippingRange is not None: self.camera.SetClippingRange(cm_clippingRange) if cm_parallelScale is not None: self.camera.SetParallelScale(cm_parallelScale) if cm_thickness is not None: self.camera.SetThickness(cm_thickness) if cm_viewAngle is not None: self.camera.SetViewAngle(cm_viewAngle) self.renderer.ResetCameraClippingRange() if settings.immediateRendering: self.window.Render() ##################### <-------------- Render self.window.SetWindowName(self.title) # 2d #################################################################### if vedo.notebookBackend == "2d": return backends.getNotebookBackend(0, 0, 0) ######################################################################### if self.interactor: # can be offscreen.. if settings.allowInteraction: self.allowInteraction() # Set the style of interaction # see https://vtk.org/doc/nightly/html/classvtkInteractorStyle.html if mode == 0 or mode == "TrackballCamera": #csty = self.interactor.GetInteractorStyle().GetCurrentStyle().GetClassName() #if "TrackballCamera" not in csty: # this causes problems (when pressing 3 eg) : if self.qtWidget: self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera()) elif mode == 1 or mode == "TrackballActor": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballActor()) elif mode == 2 or mode == "JoystickCamera": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleJoystickCamera()) elif mode == 3 or mode == "JoystickActor": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleJoystickActor()) elif mode == 4 or mode == "Flight": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleFlight()) elif mode == 5 or mode == "RubberBand2D": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleRubberBand2D()) elif mode == 6 or mode == "RubberBand3D": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleRubberBand3D()) elif mode == 7 or mode == "RubberBandZoom": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleRubberBandZoom()) elif mode == 8 or mode == "Context": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkContextInteractorStyle()) elif mode == 9 or mode == "3D": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyle3D()) elif mode ==10 or mode == "Terrain": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTerrain()) elif mode ==11 or mode == "Unicam": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleUnicam()) elif mode ==12 or mode == "Image" or mode == "image": astyle = vtk.vtkInteractorStyleImage() astyle.SetInteractionModeToImage3D() self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(astyle) if self._interactive: self.interactor.Start() if rate: if self.clock is None: # set clock and limit rate self._clockt0 = time.time() self.clock = 0.0 else: t = time.time() - self._clockt0 elapsed = t - self.clock mint = 1.0 / rate if elapsed < mint: time.sleep(mint - elapsed) self.clock = time.time() - self._clockt0 if q: # exit python kernel sys.exit(0) return self def addInset(self, *actors, **options): """Add a draggable inset space into a renderer. Parameters ---------- at : int specify the renderer number pos : list icon position in the range [1-4] indicating one of the 4 corners, or it can be a tuple (x,y) as a fraction of the renderer size. size : float size of the square inset draggable : bool if True the subrenderer space can be dragged around c : color color of the inset frame when dragged .. hint:: [inset.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/tree/master/examples/other/inset.py) .. image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/56758560-3c3f1300-6797-11e9-9b33-49f5a4876039.jpg """ if not self.interactor: return None pos = options.pop("pos", 0) size = options.pop("size", 0.1) c = options.pop("c", 'lb') at = options.pop("at", None) draggable = options.pop("draggable", True) if not self.renderer: vedo.logger.warning("call addInset() only after first rendering of the scene.") save_int = self._interactive self.show(interactive=0) self._interactive = save_int widget = vtk.vtkOrientationMarkerWidget() r,g,b = vedo.getColor(c) widget.SetOutlineColor(r,g,b) if len(actors)==1: widget.SetOrientationMarker(actors[0]) else: widget.SetOrientationMarker(vedo.Assembly(actors)) widget.SetInteractor(self.interactor) if utils.isSequence(pos): widget.SetViewport(pos[0]-size, pos[1]-size, pos[0]+size, pos[1]+size) else: if pos < 2: widget.SetViewport(0, 1 - 2 * size, size * 2, 1) elif pos == 2: widget.SetViewport(1 - 2 * size, 1 - 2 * size, 1, 1) elif pos == 3: widget.SetViewport(0, 0, size * 2, size * 2) elif pos == 4: widget.SetViewport(1 - 2 * size, 0, 1, size * 2) widget.EnabledOn() widget.SetInteractive(draggable) if at is not None and at < len(self.renderers): widget.SetCurrentRenderer(self.renderers[at]) self.widgets.append(widget) return widget def clear(self, actors=None, at=None): """Delete specified list of actors, by default delete all.""" if at is not None: renderer = self.renderers[at] else: renderer = self.renderer if not renderer: return self if actors is None: renderer.RemoveAllViewProps() self.actors = [] self.scalarbars = [] self.sliders = [] self.buttons = [] self.widgets = [] self.scalarbars = [] return self if not utils.isSequence(actors): actors = [actors] if len(actors): for a in actors: self.remove(a) elif self.renderer: self.actors = [] for a in self.getMeshes(): self.renderer.RemoveActor(a) for a in self.getVolumes(): self.renderer.RemoveVolume(a) for s in self.sliders: s.EnabledOff() for b in self.buttons: self.renderer.RemoveActor(b) for w in self.widgets: w.EnabledOff() for a in self.scalarbars: self.renderer.RemoveActor(a) self.scalarbars = [] return self def closeWindow(self): """Close the current or the input rendering window. .. hint:: examples/basic/closewindow.py """ for r in self.renderers: r.RemoveAllObservers() if hasattr(self, 'window') and self.window: if hasattr(self, 'interactor') and self.interactor: self.interactor.ExitCallback() try: self.interactor.SetDone(True) except AttributeError: pass self.interactor.TerminateApp() self.interactor = None self.window.Finalize() # this must be done here self.window = None return self def close(self): """Close the Plotter instance and release resources.""" self.closeWindow() self.actors = [] if vedo.plotter_instance == self: vedo.plotter_instance = None def screenshot(self, filename='screenshot.png', scale=None, asarray=False): """Take a screenshot of the Plotter window. Parameters ---------- scale : int set image magnification as an integer multiplicating factor asarray : bool return a numpy array of the image instead of writing a file """ retval = vedo.io.screenshot(filename, scale, asarray) return retval def topicture(self, scale=None): """Generate a Picture object from the current rendering window. Parameters ---------- scale : int set image magnification as an integer multiplicating factor """ if scale is None: scale = settings.screeshotScale if settings.screeshotLargeImage: w2if = vtk.vtkRenderLargeImage() w2if.SetInput(self.renderer) w2if.SetMagnification(scale) else: w2if = vtk.vtkWindowToImageFilter() w2if.SetInput(self.window) if hasattr(w2if, 'SetScale'): w2if.SetScale(scale, scale) if settings.screenshotTransparentBackground: w2if.SetInputBufferTypeToRGBA() w2if.ReadFrontBufferOff() # read from the back buffer w2if.Update() return vedo.picture.Picture(w2if.GetOutput()) def export(self, filename='scene.npz', binary=False): """Export scene to file to HTML, X3D or Numpy file. .. hint:: examples/other/export_x3d.py, examples/other/export_numpy.py """ vedo.io.exportWindow(filename, binary=binary) return self def colorPicker(self, xy, verbose=False): """Pick color of specific (x,y) pixel on the screen.""" w2if = vtk.vtkWindowToImageFilter() w2if.SetInput(self.window) w2if.ReadFrontBufferOff() w2if.Update() nx, ny = self.window.GetSize() varr = w2if.GetOutput().GetPointData().GetScalars() arr = utils.vtk2numpy(varr).reshape(ny,nx,3) x,y = int(xy[0]), int(xy[1]) if y < ny and x < nx: rgb = arr[y,x] if verbose: vedo.printc('Pixel', [x,y], 'has RGB[', end='') vedo.printc('█', c=[rgb[0],0,0], end='') vedo.printc('█', c=[0,rgb[1],0], end='') vedo.printc('█', c=[0,0,rgb[2]], end='') vedo.printc('] = ', end='') cnm = vedo.getColorName(rgb) if np.sum(rgb) < 150: vedo.printc(rgb.tolist(), vedo.colors.rgb2hex(np.array(rgb)/255), c='w', bc=rgb, invert=1, end='') vedo.printc(' -> '+cnm, invert=1, c='w') else: vedo.printc(rgb.tolist(), vedo.colors.rgb2hex(np.array(rgb)/255), c=rgb, end='') vedo.printc(' -> '+cnm, c=cnm) return rgb return None ####################################################################### def _mouseleft(self, iren, event): x, y = iren.GetEventPosition() renderer = iren.FindPokedRenderer(x, y) self.renderer = renderer picker = vtk.vtkPropPicker() picker.PickProp(x, y, renderer) clickedActor = picker.GetActor() # print('_mouseleft mouse at', x, y) # print("picked Volume:", [picker.GetVolume()]) # print("picked Actor2D:", [picker.GetActor2D()]) # print("picked Assembly:", [picker.GetAssembly()]) # print("picked Prop3D:", [picker.GetProp3D()]) # check if any button objects are clicked clickedActor2D = picker.GetActor2D() if clickedActor2D: for bt in self.buttons: if clickedActor2D == bt.actor: bt.function() break if not clickedActor: clickedActor = picker.GetAssembly() if not clickedActor: clickedActor = picker.GetProp3D() if not hasattr(clickedActor, "GetPickable") or not clickedActor.GetPickable(): return self.picked3d = picker.GetPickPosition() self.picked2d = np.array([x,y]) if not clickedActor: return self.justremoved = None self.clickedActor = clickedActor if hasattr(clickedActor, 'picked3d'): # might be not a vedo obj clickedActor.picked3d = picker.GetPickPosition() if self.mouseLeftClickFunction: self.mouseLeftClickFunction(clickedActor) ####################################################################### def _mouseright(self, iren, event): x, y = iren.GetEventPosition() # print('_mouseright mouse at', x, y) renderer = iren.FindPokedRenderer(x, y) self.renderer = renderer picker = vtk.vtkPropPicker() picker.PickProp(x, y, renderer) clickedActor = picker.GetActor() # check if any button objects were created clickedActor2D = picker.GetActor2D() if clickedActor2D: for bt in self.buttons: if clickedActor2D == bt.actor: bt.function() break if not clickedActor: clickedActor = picker.GetAssembly() if not clickedActor: clickedActor = picker.GetProp3D() if not hasattr(clickedActor, "GetPickable") or not clickedActor.GetPickable(): return self.picked3d = picker.GetPickPosition() self.picked2d = np.array([x,y]) self.clickedActor = clickedActor if self.mouseRightClickFunction: self.mouseRightClickFunction(clickedActor) ####################################################################### def _mousemiddle(self, iren, event): x, y = iren.GetEventPosition() renderer = iren.FindPokedRenderer(x, y) self.renderer = renderer picker = vtk.vtkPropPicker() picker.PickProp(x, y, renderer) clickedActor = picker.GetActor() # check if any button objects were created clickedActor2D = picker.GetActor2D() if clickedActor2D: for bt in self.buttons: if clickedActor2D == bt.actor: bt.function() break if not clickedActor: clickedActor = picker.GetAssembly() if not clickedActor: clickedActor = picker.GetProp3D() if not hasattr(clickedActor, "GetPickable") or not clickedActor.GetPickable(): return self.clickedActor = clickedActor self.picked3d = picker.GetPickPosition() self.picked2d = np.array([x,y]) if self.mouseMiddleClickFunction: self.mouseMiddleClickFunction(self.clickedActor) ####################################################################### def _keypress(self, iren, event): #NB: qt creates and passes a vtkGenericRenderWindowInteractor key = iren.GetKeySym() # utils.vedo.printc('Pressed key:', self.keyheld, key, c='y', box='-') if key in ["Shift_L", "Control_L", "Super_L", "Alt_L", "Shift_R", "Control_R", "Super_R", "Alt_R", "Menu"]: self.keyheld = key if key in ["q", "space", "Return", "F12"]: iren.ExitCallback() return elif key == "Escape": vedo.logger.info("Closing window now. Plotter.escaped is set to True.") self.escaped = True # window will be escaped ASAP iren.ExitCallback() return elif key == "F1": vedo.logger.info("Execution aborted. Exiting python kernel now.") iren.ExitCallback() sys.exit(0) # if ("Control_" in self.keyheld) and key=="c": # print('ctrl-c') ############################################################# ### now intercept custom observer ########################### ############################################################# if self.keyPressFunction: if key not in ["Shift_L", "Control_L", "Super_L", "Alt_L", "Shift_R", "Control_R", "Super_R", "Alt_R"]: self.keyPressFunction(key) return ############################################################# if key == "Down": if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes(): self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetOpacity(0.02) bfp = self.clickedActor.GetBackfaceProperty() if bfp and hasattr(self.clickedActor, "_bfprop"): self.clickedActor._bfprop = bfp # save it self.clickedActor.SetBackfaceProperty(None) else: for a in self.getMeshes(): if a.GetPickable(): a.GetProperty().SetOpacity(0.02) bfp = a.GetBackfaceProperty() if bfp and hasattr(a, "_bfprop"): a._bfprop = bfp a.SetBackfaceProperty(None) elif key == "Left": if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes(): ap = self.clickedActor.GetProperty() aal = max([ap.GetOpacity() * 0.75, 0.01]) ap.SetOpacity(aal) bfp = self.clickedActor.GetBackfaceProperty() if bfp and hasattr(self.clickedActor, "_bfprop"): self.clickedActor._bfprop = bfp self.clickedActor.SetBackfaceProperty(None) else: for a in self.getMeshes(): if a.GetPickable(): ap = a.GetProperty() aal = max([ap.GetOpacity() * 0.75, 0.01]) ap.SetOpacity(aal) bfp = a.GetBackfaceProperty() if bfp and hasattr(a, "_bfprop"): a._bfprop = bfp a.SetBackfaceProperty(None) elif key == "Right": if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes(): ap = self.clickedActor.GetProperty() aal = min([ap.GetOpacity() * 1.25, 1.0]) ap.SetOpacity(aal) if aal == 1 and hasattr(self.clickedActor, "_bfprop") \ and self.clickedActor._bfprop: # put back self.clickedActor.SetBackfaceProperty(self.clickedActor._bfprop) else: for a in self.getMeshes(): if a.GetPickable(): ap = a.GetProperty() aal = min([ap.GetOpacity() * 1.25, 1.0]) ap.SetOpacity(aal) if aal == 1 and hasattr(a, "_bfprop") and a._bfprop: a.SetBackfaceProperty(a._bfprop) elif key == "slash" or key == "Up": if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes(): self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetOpacity(1) if hasattr(self.clickedActor, "_bfprop") and self.clickedActor._bfprop: self.clickedActor.SetBackfaceProperty(self.clickedActor._bfprop) else: for a in self.getMeshes(): if a.GetPickable(): a.GetProperty().SetOpacity(1) if hasattr(a, "_bfprop") and a._bfprop: a.clickedActor.SetBackfaceProperty(a._bfprop) elif key == "P": if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes(): acts = [self.clickedActor] else: acts = self.getMeshes() for ia in acts: if ia.GetPickable(): try: ps = ia.GetProperty().GetPointSize() if ps > 1: ia.GetProperty().SetPointSize(ps - 1) ia.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToPoints() except AttributeError: pass elif key == "u": pval = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera().GetParallelProjection() self.renderer.GetActiveCamera().SetParallelProjection(not pval) if pval: self.renderer.ResetCamera() elif key == "p": if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes(): acts = [self.clickedActor] else: acts = self.getMeshes() for ia in acts: if ia.GetPickable(): try: ps = ia.GetProperty().GetPointSize() ia.GetProperty().SetPointSize(ps + 2) ia.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToPoints() except AttributeError: pass elif key == "w": if self.clickedActor and self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes(): self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToWireframe() else: for a in self.getMeshes(): if a and a.GetPickable(): if a.GetProperty().GetRepresentation() == 1: # toggle a.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToSurface() else: a.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToWireframe() elif key == "r": self.renderer.ResetCamera() elif key == "h": msg = " ==========================================================\n" msg += "| Press: i print info about selected object |\n" msg += "| I print the RGB color under the mouse |\n" msg += "| <--> use arrows to reduce/increase opacity |\n" msg += "| w/s toggle wireframe/surface style |\n" msg += "| p/P change point size of vertices |\n" msg += "| l toggle edges visibility |\n" msg += "| x toggle mesh visibility |\n" msg += "| X invoke a cutter widget tool |\n" msg += "| 1-3 change mesh color |\n" msg += "| 4 use data array as colors, if present |\n" msg += "| 5-6 change background color(s) |\n" msg += "| 09+- (on keypad) or +/- to cycle axes style |\n" msg += "| k cycle available lighting styles |\n" msg += "| K cycle available shading styles |\n" msg += "| A toggle anti-aliasing |\n" msg += "| D toggle depth-peeling (for transparencies) |\n" msg += "| o/O add/remove light to scene and rotate it |\n" msg += "| n show surface mesh normals |\n" msg += "| a toggle interaction to Actor Mode |\n" msg += "| j toggle interaction to Joystick Mode |\n" msg += "| u toggle perspective/parallel projection |\n" msg += "| r reset camera position |\n" msg += "| C print current camera settings |\n" msg += "| S save a screenshot |\n" msg += "| E/F export 3D scene to numpy file or X3D |\n" msg += "| q return control to python script |\n" msg += "| Esc abort execution and exit python kernel |\n" msg += "|----------------------------------------------------------|\n" msg += "| Mouse: Left-click rotate scene / pick actors |\n" msg += "| Middle-click pan scene |\n" msg += "| Right-click zoom scene in or out |\n" msg += "| Cntrl-click rotate scene |\n" msg += "|----------------------------------------------------------|\n" msg += "| Check out documentation at: https://vedo.embl.es |\n" msg += " ==========================================================" vedo.printc(msg, dim=1) msg = " vedo " + vedo.__version__ + " " vedo.printc(msg, invert=1, dim=1, end="") vtkVers = vtk.vtkVersion().GetVTKVersion() msg = "| vtk " + str(vtkVers) msg += " | python " + str(sys.version_info[0]) + "." + str(sys.version_info[1]) vedo.printc(msg, invert=0, dim=1) return elif key == "a": iren.ExitCallback() cur = iren.GetInteractorStyle() if isinstance(cur, vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera): msg = "\nInteractor style changed to TrackballActor\n" msg +=" you can now move and rotate individual meshes:\n" msg +=" press X twice to save the repositioned mesh\n" msg +=" press 'a' to go back to normal style" vedo.printc(msg) iren.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballActor()) else: iren.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera()) iren.Start() return elif key == "A": # toggle antialiasing msam = self.window.GetMultiSamples() if not msam: self.window.SetMultiSamples(8) else: self.window.SetMultiSamples(0) msam = self.window.GetMultiSamples() if msam: vedo.printc(f'Antialiasing is now set to {msam} samples', c=bool(msam)) else: vedo.printc('Antialiasing is now disabled', c=bool(msam)) elif key == "D": # toggle depthpeeling udp = not self.renderer.GetUseDepthPeeling() self.renderer.SetUseDepthPeeling(udp) #self.renderer.SetUseDepthPeelingForVolumes(udp) # print(self.window.GetAlphaBitPlanes()) if udp: self.window.SetAlphaBitPlanes(1) self.renderer.SetMaximumNumberOfPeels(settings.maxNumberOfPeels) self.renderer.SetOcclusionRatio(settings.occlusionRatio) self.interactor.Render() wasUsed = self.renderer.GetLastRenderingUsedDepthPeeling() rnr = self.renderers.index(self.renderer) vedo.printc(f'Depth peeling is now set to {udp} for renderer nr.{rnr}', c=udp) if not wasUsed and udp: vedo.printc('\t...but last rendering did not actually used it!', c=udp, invert=True) return elif key == "j": iren.ExitCallback() cur = iren.GetInteractorStyle() if isinstance(cur, vtk.vtkInteractorStyleJoystickCamera): iren.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera()) else: vedo.printc("\nInteractor style changed to Joystick,", end="") vedo.printc(" press j to go back to normal.") iren.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleJoystickCamera()) iren.Start() return elif key == "S": vedo.io.screenshot("screenshot.png") vedo.printc("\camera Saved rendering window as screenshot.png", c="blue") return elif key == "C": cam = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() vedo.printc('\n###################################################', c='y') vedo.printc('## Template python code to position this camera: ##', c='y') vedo.printc('cam = dict(', c='y') vedo.printc(' pos=' +utils.precision(cam.GetPosition(),4)+',', c='y') vedo.printc(' focalPoint=' +utils.precision(cam.GetFocalPoint(),4)+',', c='y') vedo.printc(' viewup=' +utils.precision(cam.GetViewUp(),4)+',', c='y') vedo.printc(' distance=' +utils.precision(cam.GetDistance(),4)+',', c='y') vedo.printc(' clippingRange='+utils.precision(cam.GetClippingRange(),4)+',', c='y') vedo.printc(')', c='y') vedo.printc('show(mymeshes, camera=cam)', c='y') vedo.printc('###################################################', c='y') return elif key == "s": if self.clickedActor and self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes(): self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToSurface() else: for a in self.getMeshes(): if a and a.GetPickable(): a.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToSurface() elif key == "1": self._icol += 1 if isinstance(self.clickedActor, vedo.Points): self.clickedActor.GetMapper().ScalarVisibilityOff() pal = vedo.colors.palettes[settings.palette % len(vedo.colors.palettes)] self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetColor(pal[(self._icol) % 10]) elif key == "2": self._icol += 1 settings.palette += 1 settings.palette = settings.palette % len(vedo.colors.palettes) if isinstance(self.clickedActor, vedo.Points): self.clickedActor.GetMapper().ScalarVisibilityOff() pal = vedo.colors.palettes[settings.palette % len(vedo.colors.palettes)] self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetColor(pal[(self._icol) % 10]) elif key == "3": bsc = ['b5','cyan5', 'g4', 'o5', 'p5', 'r4', 'teal4', 'yellow4'] self._icol += 1 if isinstance(self.clickedActor, vedo.Points): self.clickedActor.GetMapper().ScalarVisibilityOff() self.clickedActor.GetProperty().SetColor(vedo.getColor(bsc[(self._icol) % len(bsc)])) elif key == "4": if self.clickedActor: acts = [self.clickedActor] else: acts = self.getMeshes() for ia in acts: cmap_name = ia._cmap_name if not cmap_name: cmap_name = "rainbow" if isinstance(ia, vedo.pointcloud.Points): arnames = ia.pointdata.keys() if len(arnames): arnam = arnames[ia._scals_idx] if arnam and ("normals" not in arnam.lower()): # exclude normals ia.cmap(cmap_name, arnam, on="points") vedo.printc("..active point data set to:", arnam, c='g', bold=0) ia._scals_idx += 1 if ia._scals_idx >= len(arnames): ia._scals_idx = 0 else: arnames = ia.celldata.keys() if len(arnames): arnam = arnames[ia._scals_idx] if arnam and ("normals" not in arnam.lower()): # exclude normals ia.cmap(cmap_name, arnam, on="cells") vedo.printc("..active cell array set to:", arnam, c='g', bold=0) ia._scals_idx += 1 if ia._scals_idx >= len(arnames): ia._scals_idx = 0 elif key == "5": bgc = np.array(self.renderer.GetBackground()).sum() / 3 if bgc <= 0: bgc = 0.223 elif 0 < bgc < 1: bgc = 1 else: bgc = 0 self.renderer.SetBackground(bgc, bgc, bgc) elif key == "6": bg2cols = ['lightyellow', 'darkseagreen', 'palegreen', 'steelblue','lightblue', 'cadetblue','lavender', 'white', 'blackboard', 'black'] bg2name = vedo.getColorName(self.renderer.GetBackground2()) if bg2name in bg2cols: idx = bg2cols.index(bg2name) else: idx = 4 if idx is not None: bg2name_next = bg2cols[(idx+1)%(len(bg2cols)-1)] if not bg2name_next: self.renderer.GradientBackgroundOff() else: self.renderer.GradientBackgroundOn() self.renderer.SetBackground2(vedo.getColor(bg2name_next)) elif key in ["plus", "equal", "KP_Add", "minus", "KP_Subtract"]: # cycle axes style clickedr = self.renderers.index(self.renderer) if self.axes_instances[clickedr]: if hasattr(self.axes_instances[clickedr], "EnabledOff"): # widget self.axes_instances[clickedr].EnabledOff() else: try: self.renderer.RemoveActor(self.axes_instances[clickedr]) except: pass self.axes_instances[clickedr] = None if not self.axes: self.axes=0 if isinstance(self.axes, dict): self.axes=1 if key in ["minus", "KP_Subtract"]: if settings.useParallelProjection == False and self.axes==0: self.axes -= 1 # jump ruler doesnt make sense in perspective mode addons.addGlobalAxes(axtype=(self.axes-1)%14, c=None) else: if settings.useParallelProjection == False and self.axes==12: self.axes += 1 # jump ruler doesnt make sense in perspective mode addons.addGlobalAxes(axtype=(self.axes+1)%14, c=None) self.interactor.Render() elif "KP_" in key: # change axes style asso = { "KP_Insert":0, "KP_0":0, "KP_End":1, "KP_1":1, "KP_Down":2, "KP_2":2, "KP_Next":3, "KP_3":3, "KP_Left":4, "KP_4":4, "KP_Begin":5, "KP_5":5, "KP_Right":6, "KP_6":6, "KP_Home":7, "KP_7":7, "KP_Up":8, "KP_8":8, "KP_Prior":9, "KP_9":9, } clickedr = self.renderers.index(self.renderer) if key in asso.keys(): if self.axes_instances[clickedr]: if hasattr(self.axes_instances[clickedr], "EnabledOff"): # widget self.axes_instances[clickedr].EnabledOff() else: try: self.renderer.RemoveActor(self.axes_instances[clickedr]) except: pass self.axes_instances[clickedr] = None addons.addGlobalAxes(axtype=asso[key], c=None) self.interactor.Render() if key == "O": self.renderer.RemoveLight(self._extralight) self._extralight = None elif key == "o": vbb, sizes, _, _ = addons.computeVisibleBounds() cm = utils.vector((vbb[0]+vbb[1])/2, (vbb[2]+vbb[3])/2, (vbb[4]+vbb[5])/2) if not self._extralight: vup = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera().GetViewUp() pos = cm + utils.vector(vup)*utils.mag(sizes) self._extralight = addons.Light(pos, focalPoint=cm) self.renderer.AddLight(self._extralight) print("Press again o to rotate light source, or O to remove it.") else: cpos = utils.vector(self._extralight.GetPosition()) x, y, z = self._extralight.GetPosition() - cm r,th,ph = utils.cart2spher(x,y,z) th += 0.2 if th>np.pi: th=np.random.random()*np.pi/2 ph += 0.3 cpos = utils.spher2cart(r, th,ph) + cm self._extralight.SetPosition(cpos) self.window.Render() elif key == "l": if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes(): acts = [self.clickedActor] else: acts = self.getMeshes() for ia in acts: if not ia.GetPickable(): continue try: ev = ia.GetProperty().GetEdgeVisibility() ia.GetProperty().SetEdgeVisibility(not ev) ia.GetProperty().SetRepresentationToSurface() ia.GetProperty().SetLineWidth(0.1) except AttributeError: pass elif key == "k": # lightings if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes(): acts = [self.clickedActor] else: acts = self.getMeshes() shds = ('default', 'metallic', 'plastic', 'shiny', 'glossy', 'off') for ia in acts: if ia.GetPickable(): try: lnr = (ia._ligthingnr+1)%6 ia.lighting(shds[lnr]) ia._ligthingnr = lnr # vedo.printc('-> lighting set to:', shds[lnr], c='g', bold=0) except AttributeError: pass elif key == "K": # shading if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes(): acts = [self.clickedActor] else: acts = self.getMeshes() for ia in acts: if ia.GetPickable() and isinstance(ia, vedo.Mesh): ia.computeNormals(cells=False) intrp = ia.GetProperty().GetInterpolation() # print(intrp, ia.GetProperty().GetInterpolationAsString()) if intrp > 0: ia.GetProperty().SetInterpolation(0) #flat else: ia.GetProperty().SetInterpolation(2) #phong elif key == "n": # show normals to an actor if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes(): if self.clickedActor.GetPickable(): self.renderer.AddActor(vedo.shapes.NormalLines(self.clickedActor)) iren.Render() else: print("Click an actor and press n to add normals.") elif key == "x": if self.justremoved is None: if self.clickedActor in self.getMeshes() \ or isinstance(self.clickedActor, vtk.vtkAssembly): self.justremoved = self.clickedActor self.renderer.RemoveActor(self.clickedActor) else: self.renderer.AddActor(self.justremoved) self.renderer.Render() self.justremoved = None elif key == "X": if self.clickedActor: if not self.cutterWidget: addons.addCutterTool(self.clickedActor) else: if isinstance(self.clickedActor, vtk.vtkActor): fname = "clipped.vtk" w = vtk.vtkPolyDataWriter() w.SetInputData(self.clickedActor.polydata()) w.SetFileName(fname) w.Write() vedo.printc("\save Saved file:", fname, c="m") self.cutterWidget.Off() self.cutterWidget = None else: for a in self.actors: if isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume): addons.addCutterTool(a) return vedo.printc("Click object and press X to open the cutter box widget.", c=4) elif key == "E": vedo.printc("\camera Exporting 3D window to file", c="blue", end="") vedo.io.exportWindow('scene.npz') vedo.printc(". Try:\n> vedo scene.npz", c="blue") self.interactor.Start() elif key == "F": vedo.io.exportWindow('scene.x3d') vedo.printc("Try: firefox scene.html", c="blue") elif key == "i": # print info if self.clickedActor: utils.printInfo(self.clickedActor) else: utils.printInfo(self) elif key == "I": # print color under the mouse x, y = iren.GetEventPosition() self.colorPicker([x,y], verbose=True) if iren: iren.Render() return ###################################### def _keyrelease(self, iren, event): key = iren.GetKeySym() # print(iren.GetShiftKey()) # utils.vedo.printc('Released key:', key, c='v', box='-') if key in ["Shift_L", "Control_L", "Super_L", "Alt_L", "Shift_R", "Control_R", "Super_R", "Alt_R", "Menu"]: self.keyheld = '' returnSubclasses
- vedo.applications.Animation
- Browser
- FreeHandCutPlotter
- IsosurfaceBrowser
- RayCastPlotter
- Slicer2DPlotter
- Slicer3DPlotter
Methods
def add(self, *actors, at=None, render=True, resetcam=False)-
Append the input objects to the internal list of actors to be shown. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions.
Parameters
at:int- add the object at the specified renderer
render:bool- render the scene after adding the objects (True by default)
Expand source code
def add(self, *actors, at=None, render=True, resetcam=False): """ Append the input objects to the internal list of actors to be shown. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions. Parameters ---------- at : int add the object at the specified renderer render : bool render the scene after adding the objects (True by default) """ if at is not None: ren = self.renderers[at] else: ren = self.renderer actors = utils.flatten(actors) actors = self._scan_input(actors) for a in actors: if a not in self.actors: self.actors.append(a) if ren: ren.AddActor(a) if render: if not self.interactor.GetInitialized(): vedo.logger.warning("call to add() but Plotter was not initialized with show()") else: self.render(resetcam=resetcam) return self def addAmbientOcclusion(self, radius, bias=0.01, blur=True, samples=100)-
Screen Space Ambient Occlusion.
For every pixel on the screen, the pixel shader samples the depth values around the current pixel and tries to compute the amount of occlusion from each of the sampled points.
Parameters
radius:float- radius of influence in absolute units
bias:float- bias of the normals
blur:bool- add a blurring to the sampled positions
samples:int- number of samples to probe
Hint: examples/basic/ssao.py
Expand source code
def addAmbientOcclusion(self, radius, bias=0.01, blur=True, samples=100): """ Screen Space Ambient Occlusion. For every pixel on the screen, the pixel shader samples the depth values around the current pixel and tries to compute the amount of occlusion from each of the sampled points. Parameters ---------- radius : float radius of influence in absolute units bias : float bias of the normals blur : bool add a blurring to the sampled positions samples : int number of samples to probe .. hint:: examples/basic/ssao.py """ lightsP = vtk.vtkLightsPass() opaqueP = vtk.vtkOpaquePass() ssaoCamP = vtk.vtkCameraPass() ssaoCamP.SetDelegatePass(opaqueP) ssaoP = vtk.vtkSSAOPass() ssaoP.SetRadius(radius) ssaoP.SetDelegatePass(ssaoCamP) ssaoP.SetBias(bias) ssaoP.SetBlur(blur) ssaoP.SetKernelSize(samples) translucentP = vtk.vtkTranslucentPass() volumeP = vtk.vtkVolumetricPass() ddpP = vtk.vtkDualDepthPeelingPass() ddpP.SetTranslucentPass(translucentP) ddpP.SetVolumetricPass(volumeP) overP = vtk.vtkOverlayPass() collection = vtk.vtkRenderPassCollection() collection.AddItem(lightsP) collection.AddItem(ssaoP) collection.AddItem(ddpP) collection.AddItem(overP) sequence = vtk.vtkSequencePass() sequence.SetPasses(collection) camP = vtk.vtkCameraPass() camP.SetDelegatePass(sequence) self.renderer.SetPass(camP) return self def addButton(self, fnc, states=('On', 'Off'), c=('w', 'w'), bc=('dg', 'dr'), pos=(0.7, 0.05), size=24, font='Normografo', bold=False, italic=False, alpha=1, angle=0)-
Add a button to the renderer window.
Parameters
states:list- a list of possible states, e.g. ['On', 'Off']
c:list- a list of colors for each state
bc:list- a list of background colors for each state
pos:list- 2D position in pixels from left-bottom corner
size:float- size of button font
font:str- font type
bold:bool- bold font face (False)
italic : italic font face (False)
alpha:float- opacity level
angle:float- anticlockwise rotation in degrees
Hint: buttons.py
Expand source code
def addButton( self, fnc, states=("On", "Off"), c=("w", "w"), bc=("dg", "dr"), pos=(0.7, 0.05), size=24, font="Normografo", bold=False, italic=False, alpha=1, angle=0, ): """ Add a button to the renderer window. Parameters ---------- states : list a list of possible states, e.g. ['On', 'Off'] c : list a list of colors for each state bc : list a list of background colors for each state pos : list 2D position in pixels from left-bottom corner size : float size of button font font : str font type bold : bool bold font face (False) italic : italic font face (False) alpha : float opacity level angle : float anticlockwise rotation in degrees .. hint:: [buttons.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/blob/master/examples/basic/buttons.py) .. image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/50738870-c0fe2500-11d8-11e9-9b78-92754f5c5968.jpg """ return addons.addButton(fnc, states, c, bc, pos, size, font, bold, italic, alpha, angle) def addCallback(self, eventName, func, priority=0.0)-
Add a function to be executed while show() is active. Information about the event can be acquired with method getEvent().
Return a unique id for the callback.
The callback function (see example below) exposes a dictionary with the following information:
- name: event name, - id: event unique identifier, - priority: event priority (float), - interactor: the interactor object, - at: renderer nr. where the event occured - actor: object picked by the mouse - picked3d: point picked in world coordinates - keyPressed: key pressed as string - picked2d: screen coords of the mouse pointer - delta2d: shift wrt previous position (to calculate speed, direction) - delta3d: ...same but in 3D world coords - angle2d: angle of mouse movement on screen - speed2d: speed of mouse movement on screen - speed3d: speed of picked point in world coordinates - isPoints: True if of class - isMesh: True if of class - isAssembly: True if of class - isVolume: True if of class Volume - isPicture: True if of classFrequently used events are:
- KeyPress, KeyRelease: listen to keyboard events - LeftButtonPress, LeftButtonRelease: listen to mouse clicks - MiddleButtonPress, MiddleButtonRelease - RightButtonPress, RightButtonRelease - MouseMove: listen to mouse pointer changing position - MouseWheelForward, MouseWheelBackward - Enter, Leave: listen to mouse entering or leaving the window - Pick, StartPick, EndPick: listen to object picking - ResetCamera, ResetCameraClippingRange - Error, Warning - Char - TimerCheck the complete list of events here: https://vtk.org/doc/nightly/html/classvtkCommand.html
Example
.. code-block:: python
from vedo import * def func(evt): # called every time the mouse moves # evt is a dotted dictionary if not evt.actor: return # no hit, return print("point coords =", evt.picked3d) # print("full event dump:", evt) elli = Ellipsoid() plt = show(elli, axes=1, interactive=False) plt.addCallback('MouseMove', func) interactive()Hint: examples/advanced/spline_draw.py, examples/basic/colorlines.py, …
Expand source code
def addCallback(self, eventName, func, priority=0.0): """ Add a function to be executed while show() is active. Information about the event can be acquired with method getEvent(). Return a unique id for the callback. The callback function (see example below) exposes a dictionary with the following information: - name: event name, - id: event unique identifier, - priority: event priority (float), - interactor: the interactor object, - at: renderer nr. where the event occured - actor: object picked by the mouse - picked3d: point picked in world coordinates - keyPressed: key pressed as string - picked2d: screen coords of the mouse pointer - delta2d: shift wrt previous position (to calculate speed, direction) - delta3d: ...same but in 3D world coords - angle2d: angle of mouse movement on screen - speed2d: speed of mouse movement on screen - speed3d: speed of picked point in world coordinates - isPoints: True if of class - isMesh: True if of class - isAssembly: True if of class - isVolume: True if of class Volume - isPicture: True if of class Frequently used events are: - KeyPress, KeyRelease: listen to keyboard events - LeftButtonPress, LeftButtonRelease: listen to mouse clicks - MiddleButtonPress, MiddleButtonRelease - RightButtonPress, RightButtonRelease - MouseMove: listen to mouse pointer changing position - MouseWheelForward, MouseWheelBackward - Enter, Leave: listen to mouse entering or leaving the window - Pick, StartPick, EndPick: listen to object picking - ResetCamera, ResetCameraClippingRange - Error, Warning - Char - Timer Check the complete list of events here: https://vtk.org/doc/nightly/html/classvtkCommand.html Example: .. code-block:: python from vedo import * def func(evt): # called every time the mouse moves # evt is a dotted dictionary if not evt.actor: return # no hit, return print("point coords =", evt.picked3d) # print("full event dump:", evt) elli = Ellipsoid() plt = show(elli, axes=1, interactive=False) plt.addCallback('MouseMove', func) interactive() .. hint:: examples/advanced/spline_draw.py, examples/basic/colorlines.py, ... """ if not self.interactor: return None # as vtk names are ugly and difficult to remember: ln = eventName.lower() if "click" in ln or "button" in ln: eventName="LeftButtonPress" if "right" in ln: eventName="RightButtonPress" elif "mid" in ln: eventName="MiddleButtonPress" if "release" in ln: # eventName = eventName.replace("Press","Release") # vtk bug eventName="EndInteraction" else: if "key" in ln: if 'release' in ln: eventName="KeyRelease" else: eventName="KeyPress" if ("mouse" in ln and "mov" in ln) or "over" in ln: eventName="MouseMove" if "timer" in ln: eventName="Timer" if not eventName.endswith('Event'): eventName += 'Event' def _func_wrap(iren, ename): x, y = self.interactor.GetEventPosition() self.renderer = self.interactor.FindPokedRenderer(x, y) if not self.picker: self.picker = vtk.vtkPropPicker() self.picked2d = (x,y) self.picker.PickProp(x, y, self.renderer) xp, yp = self.interactor.GetLastEventPosition() actor = self.picker.GetProp3D() delta3d = np.array([0,0,0]) if actor: picked3d = np.array(self.picker.GetPickPosition()) if isinstance(actor, vedo.base.Base3DProp): # needed! if actor.picked3d is not None: delta3d = picked3d - actor.picked3d actor.picked3d = picked3d else: picked3d = None if not actor: # try 2D actor = self.picker.GetActor2D() dx, dy = x-xp, y-yp event_dict = utils.dotdict({ "name": ename, "title": self.title, # window title, can be used as an id for the Plotter "id": cid, "priority": priority, "at": self.renderers.index(self.renderer), "actor": actor, "picked3d": picked3d, "keyPressed": self.interactor.GetKeySym(), "picked2d": (x,y), "delta2d": (dx, dy), "angle2d": np.arctan2(dy,dx), "speed2d": np.sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy), "delta3d": delta3d, "speed3d": np.sqrt(np.dot(delta3d,delta3d)), "isPoints": isinstance(actor, vedo.Points), "isMesh": isinstance(actor, vedo.Mesh), "isAssembly": isinstance(actor, vedo.Assembly), "isVolume": isinstance(actor, vedo.Volume), "isPicture": isinstance(actor, vedo.Picture), "isActor2D": isinstance(actor, vtk.vtkActor2D), }) func(event_dict) return ## _func_wrap if self._timer_event_id is not None: # lets remove the existing allowInteraction callback # to avoid interference with the user one self.interactor.RemoveObserver(self._timer_event_id) self._timer_event_id = None cid = self.interactor.AddObserver(eventName, _func_wrap, priority) vedo.logger.debug(f'registering event: {eventName} with id={cid}') return cid def addCutterTool(self, obj=None, mode='box', invert=False)-
Create an interactive tool to cut away parts of a mesh or volume.
Parameters
mode:str- either "box", "plane" or "sphere"
invert:bool- invert selection (inside-out)
Hint: cutter.py
Expand source code
def addCutterTool(self, obj=None, mode='box', invert=False): """Create an interactive tool to cut away parts of a mesh or volume. Parameters ---------- mode : str either "box", "plane" or "sphere" invert : bool invert selection (inside-out) .. hint:: [cutter.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/blob/master/examples/basic/cutter.py) .. image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/50738866-c0658e80-11d8-11e9-955b-551d4d8b0db5.jpg """ return addons.addCutterTool(obj, mode, invert) def addGlobalAxes(self, axtype=None, c=None)-
Draw axes on scene. Available axes types:
Parameters
axtype:int-
- 0, no axes,
- 1, draw three gray grid walls
- 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 4, show a triad at bottom left
- 5, show a cube at bottom left
- 6, mark the corners of the bounding box
- 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes
- 8, show the vtkCubeAxesActor object
- 9, show the bounding box outLine
- 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box
- 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane
- 12, show polar axes
- 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window
Axis type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary axes=dict().
Example
.. code-block:: python
from vedo import Box, show b = Box(pos=(0,0,0), length=80, width=90, height=70).alpha(0) show(b, axes={ 'xtitle':'Some long variable [a.u.]', 'numberOfDivisions':4, # ... } )Hint
customAxes1.py customAxes2.py, customAxes3.py, customIndividualAxes.py
Expand source code
def addGlobalAxes(self, axtype=None, c=None): """Draw axes on scene. Available axes types: Parameters ---------- axtype : int - 0, no axes, - 1, draw three gray grid walls - 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0) - 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0) - 4, show a triad at bottom left - 5, show a cube at bottom left - 6, mark the corners of the bounding box - 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes - 8, show the vtkCubeAxesActor object - 9, show the bounding box outLine - 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box - 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane - 12, show polar axes - 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window Axis type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary axes=dict(). Example: .. code-block:: python from vedo import Box, show b = Box(pos=(0,0,0), length=80, width=90, height=70).alpha(0) show(b, axes={ 'xtitle':'Some long variable [a.u.]', 'numberOfDivisions':4, # ... } ) .. hint:: [customAxes1.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/blob/master/examples/pyplot/customAxes1.py) customAxes2.py, customAxes3.py, customIndividualAxes.py .. image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/72752870-ab7d5280-3bc3-11ea-8911-9ace00211e23.png """ addons.addGlobalAxes(axtype, c) return self def addHoverLegend(self, at=None, c=None, pos='bottom-left', font='Calco', s=0.75, bg='auto', alpha=0.1, precision=2, maxlength=24, useInfo=False)-
Add a legend with 2D text which is triggered by hovering the mouse on an object.
The created text object are stored in plotter.hoverLegends
Parameters
c:color- Text color. If None then black or white is chosen automatically
pos:str- text positioning
font:str- text font type
s:float- text size scale
bg:color- background color of the 2D box containing the text
alpha:float- box transparency
precision:int- number of significant digits
maxlength:int- maximum number of characters per line
useInfo:bool- visualize the content of the obj.info attribute
Hint: examples/basic/hoverLegend.py, examples/pyplot/earthquake_browser.py
Expand source code
def addHoverLegend(self, at=None, c=None, pos='bottom-left', font="Calco", s=0.75, bg='auto', alpha=0.1, precision=2, maxlength=24, useInfo=False, ): """Add a legend with 2D text which is triggered by hovering the mouse on an object. The created text object are stored in plotter.hoverLegends Parameters ---------- c : color Text color. If None then black or white is chosen automatically pos : str text positioning font : str text font type s : float text size scale bg : color background color of the 2D box containing the text alpha : float box transparency precision : int number of significant digits maxlength : int maximum number of characters per line useInfo : bool visualize the content of the obj.info attribute .. hint:: examples/basic/hoverLegend.py, examples/pyplot/earthquake_browser.py """ hoverLegend = vedo.shapes.Text2D('', pos=pos, font=font, c=c, s=s, alpha=alpha, bg=bg) if at is None: at = self.renderers.index(self.renderer) def _legfunc(evt): # helper function (png not pickable because of alpha channel in vtk9 ??) if not evt.actor or not self.renderer or at != evt.at: if hoverLegend._mapper.GetInput(): # clear and return hoverLegend._mapper.SetInput('') self.interactor.Render() return if useInfo: if hasattr(evt.actor, "info"): t = str(evt.actor.info) else: return else: t, tp = '', '' if evt.isMesh: tp = "Mesh " elif evt.isPoints: tp = "Points " # elif evt.isVolume: # todo -not working # tp = "Volume " elif evt.isPicture: tp = "Pict " elif evt.isAssembly: tp = "Assembly " else: return self if evt.isAssembly: if not evt.actor.name: t += f"Assembly object of {len(evt.actor.unpack())} parts\n" else: t += f"Assembly name: {evt.actor.name} ({len(evt.actor.unpack())} parts)" else: if evt.actor.name: t += f"{tp}name" if evt.isPoints: t += ' ' if evt.isMesh: t += ' ' t += f": {evt.actor.name[:maxlength]}".ljust(maxlength) if evt.actor.filename: if evt.actor.name: t +='\n' t += f"{tp}filename: " t += f"{os.path.basename(evt.actor.filename[-maxlength:])}".ljust(maxlength) if not evt.actor.fileSize: evt.actor.fileSize, evt.actor.created = vedo.io.fileInfo(evt.actor.filename) #BUG? if evt.actor.fileSize: t += "\n : " sz, created = evt.actor.fileSize, evt.actor.created t += f"{created[4:-5]} ({sz})" if evt.isPoints: indata = evt.actor.polydata(False) if indata.GetNumberOfPoints(): t += f"\n#points/cells: {indata.GetNumberOfPoints()}"\ f" / {indata.GetNumberOfCells()}" pdata = indata.GetPointData() cdata = indata.GetCellData() if pdata.GetScalars() and pdata.GetScalars().GetName(): t += f"\nPoint array : {pdata.GetScalars().GetName()}" if pdata.GetScalars().GetName() == evt.actor.mapper().GetArrayName(): t += " *" if cdata.GetScalars() and cdata.GetScalars().GetName(): t += f"\nCell array : {cdata.GetScalars().GetName()}" if cdata.GetScalars().GetName() == evt.actor.mapper().GetArrayName(): t += " *" if evt.isPicture: t = f"{os.path.basename(evt.actor.filename[:maxlength+10])}".ljust(maxlength+10) t += f"\nImage shape: {evt.actor.shape}" pcol = self.colorPicker(evt.picked2d) t += f"\nPixel color: {vedo.colors.rgb2hex(pcol/255)} {pcol}" # change box color if needed in 'auto' mode if evt.isPoints and 'auto' in str(bg): actcol = evt.actor.GetProperty().GetColor() if hoverLegend._mapper.GetTextProperty().GetBackgroundColor() != actcol: hoverLegend._mapper.GetTextProperty().SetBackgroundColor(actcol) # adapt to changes in bg color bgcol = self.renderers[at].GetBackground() _bgcol = c if _bgcol == None: # automatic black or white _bgcol = (0.9, 0.9, 0.9) if sum(bgcol) > 1.5: _bgcol = (0.1, 0.1, 0.1) if len(set(_bgcol).intersection(bgcol))<3: hoverLegend.color(_bgcol) if hoverLegend._mapper.GetInput() != t: hoverLegend._mapper.SetInput(t) self.interactor.Render() self.add(hoverLegend, render=False, at=at) self.hoverLegends.append(hoverLegend) self.addCallback('MouseMove', _legfunc) return self def addIcon(self, icon, pos=3, size=0.08)-
Add an inset icon mesh into the same renderer.
Parameters
pos:int, list- icon position in the range [1-4] indicating one of the 4 corners, or it can be a tuple (x,y) as a fraction of the renderer size.
size:float- size of the square inset.
Hint: examples/other/icon.py
Expand source code
def addIcon(self, icon, pos=3, size=0.08): """Add an inset icon mesh into the same renderer. Parameters ---------- pos : int, list icon position in the range [1-4] indicating one of the 4 corners, or it can be a tuple (x,y) as a fraction of the renderer size. size : float size of the square inset. .. hint:: examples/other/icon.py """ return addons.addIcon(icon, pos, size) def addInset(self, *actors, **options)-
Add a draggable inset space into a renderer.
Parameters
at:int- specify the renderer number
pos:list- icon position in the range [1-4] indicating one of the 4 corners, or it can be a tuple (x,y) as a fraction of the renderer size.
size:float- size of the square inset
draggable:bool- if True the subrenderer space can be dragged around
c:color- color of the inset frame when dragged
Hint: inset.py
Expand source code
def addInset(self, *actors, **options): """Add a draggable inset space into a renderer. Parameters ---------- at : int specify the renderer number pos : list icon position in the range [1-4] indicating one of the 4 corners, or it can be a tuple (x,y) as a fraction of the renderer size. size : float size of the square inset draggable : bool if True the subrenderer space can be dragged around c : color color of the inset frame when dragged .. hint:: [inset.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/tree/master/examples/other/inset.py) .. image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/56758560-3c3f1300-6797-11e9-9b33-49f5a4876039.jpg """ if not self.interactor: return None pos = options.pop("pos", 0) size = options.pop("size", 0.1) c = options.pop("c", 'lb') at = options.pop("at", None) draggable = options.pop("draggable", True) if not self.renderer: vedo.logger.warning("call addInset() only after first rendering of the scene.") save_int = self._interactive self.show(interactive=0) self._interactive = save_int widget = vtk.vtkOrientationMarkerWidget() r,g,b = vedo.getColor(c) widget.SetOutlineColor(r,g,b) if len(actors)==1: widget.SetOrientationMarker(actors[0]) else: widget.SetOrientationMarker(vedo.Assembly(actors)) widget.SetInteractor(self.interactor) if utils.isSequence(pos): widget.SetViewport(pos[0]-size, pos[1]-size, pos[0]+size, pos[1]+size) else: if pos < 2: widget.SetViewport(0, 1 - 2 * size, size * 2, 1) elif pos == 2: widget.SetViewport(1 - 2 * size, 1 - 2 * size, 1, 1) elif pos == 3: widget.SetViewport(0, 0, size * 2, size * 2) elif pos == 4: widget.SetViewport(1 - 2 * size, 0, 1, size * 2) widget.EnabledOn() widget.SetInteractive(draggable) if at is not None and at < len(self.renderers): widget.SetCurrentRenderer(self.renderers[at]) self.widgets.append(widget) return widget def addLegendBox(self, **kwargs)-
Add a legend to the top right.
Hint: examples/basic/legendbox.py, examples/other/flag_labels.py
Expand source code
def addLegendBox(self, **kwargs): """Add a legend to the top right. .. hint:: examples/basic/legendbox.py, examples/other/flag_labels.py """ acts = self.getMeshes() lb = addons.LegendBox(acts, **kwargs) self.add(lb) return self def addRendererFrame(self, c=None, alpha=None, lw=None, padding=None)-
Add a frame to the renderer subwindow
Parameters
c:color- color name or index
alpha:float- opacity level
lw:int- line width in pixels.
padding:float- padding space in pixels.
Expand source code
def addRendererFrame(self, c=None, alpha=None, lw=None, padding=None): """ Add a frame to the renderer subwindow Parameters ---------- c : color color name or index alpha : float opacity level lw : int line width in pixels. padding : float padding space in pixels. """ self.frames = addons.addRendererFrame(self, c, alpha, lw, padding) return self def addScaleIndicator(self, pos=(0.7, 0.05), s=0.02, length=2, lw=4, c='k1', alpha=1, units='', gap=0.05)-
Add a Scale Indicator. Only works in parallel mode (no perspective).
Parameters
pos:list, optional- fractional (x,y) position on the screen.
s:float, optional- size of the text.
length:float, optional- length of the line.
units:str, optional- string to show units.
gap:float, optional- separation of line and text.
Example
.. code-block:: python from vedo import settings, Cube, Plotter settings.useParallelProjection = True # or else it doesnt make sense! cube = Cube().alpha(0.2) plt = Plotter(size=(900,600), axes=dict(xtitle='x (um)')) plt.addScaleIndicator(units='um', c='blue4') plt.show(cube, "Scale indicator with units")Expand source code
def addScaleIndicator(self, pos=(0.7,0.05), s=0.02, length=2, lw=4, c='k1', alpha=1, units='', gap=0.05): """ Add a Scale Indicator. Only works in parallel mode (no perspective). Parameters ---------- pos : list, optional fractional (x,y) position on the screen. s : float, optional size of the text. length : float, optional length of the line. units : str, optional string to show units. gap : float, optional separation of line and text. Example ------- .. code-block:: python from vedo import settings, Cube, Plotter settings.useParallelProjection = True # or else it doesnt make sense! cube = Cube().alpha(0.2) plt = Plotter(size=(900,600), axes=dict(xtitle='x (um)')) plt.addScaleIndicator(units='um', c='blue4') plt.show(cube, "Scale indicator with units") """ ppoints = vtk.vtkPoints() # Generate the polyline psqr = [[0.0,gap], [length/10,gap]] dd = psqr[1][0] - psqr[0][0] for i, pt in enumerate(psqr): ppoints.InsertPoint(i, pt[0], pt[1], 0) lines = vtk.vtkCellArray() lines.InsertNextCell(len(psqr)) for i in range(len(psqr)): lines.InsertCellPoint(i) pd = vtk.vtkPolyData() pd.SetPoints(ppoints) pd.SetLines(lines) wsx, wsy = self.window.GetSize() if not settings.useParallelProjection: vedo.logger.warning("addScaleIndicator called with useParallelProjection OFF. Skip.") return None rlabel = vtk.vtkVectorText() rlabel.SetText('scale') tf = vtk.vtkTransformPolyDataFilter() tf.SetInputConnection(rlabel.GetOutputPort()) t = vtk.vtkTransform() t.Scale(s*wsy/wsx, s, 1) tf.SetTransform(t) app = vtk.vtkAppendPolyData() app.AddInputConnection(tf.GetOutputPort()) app.AddInputData(pd) mapper = vtk.vtkPolyDataMapper2D() mapper.SetInputConnection(app.GetOutputPort()) cs = vtk.vtkCoordinate() cs.SetCoordinateSystem(1) mapper.SetTransformCoordinate(cs) fractor = vtk.vtkActor2D() csys = fractor.GetPositionCoordinate() csys.SetCoordinateSystem(3) fractor.SetPosition(pos) fractor.SetMapper(mapper) fractor.GetProperty().SetColor(vedo.getColor(c)) fractor.GetProperty().SetOpacity(alpha) fractor.GetProperty().SetLineWidth(lw) fractor.GetProperty().SetDisplayLocationToForeground() def sifunc(iren, ev): wsx, wsy = self.window.GetSize() ps = self.camera.GetParallelScale() newtxt = utils.precision(ps/wsy*wsx*length*dd,3) if units: newtxt += ' '+units if rlabel.GetText() != newtxt: rlabel.SetText(newtxt) self.renderer.AddActor(fractor) self.interactor.AddObserver('MouseWheelBackwardEvent', sifunc) self.interactor.AddObserver('MouseWheelForwardEvent', sifunc) self.interactor.AddObserver('InteractionEvent', sifunc) sifunc(0,0) return fractor def addShadows(self)-
Add shadows at the current renderer.
Expand source code
def addShadows(self): """Add shadows at the current renderer.""" shadows = vtk.vtkShadowMapPass() seq = vtk.vtkSequencePass() passes = vtk.vtkRenderPassCollection() passes.AddItem(shadows.GetShadowMapBakerPass()) passes.AddItem(shadows) seq.SetPasses(passes) camerapass = vtk.vtkCameraPass() camerapass.SetDelegatePass(seq) self.renderer.SetPass(camerapass) return self def addSlider2D(self, sliderfunc, xmin, xmax, value=None, pos=4, title='', font='', titleSize=1, c=None, showValue=True, delayed=False, **options)-
Add a slider widget which can call an external custom function.
Parameters
sliderfunc : external function to be called by the widget
xmin:float- lower value of the slider range
xmax:float- upper value of the slider range
value:float- current value of the slider range
pos:list- position corner number, horizontal [1-5] or vertical [11-15] it can also be specified by corners coordinates [(x1,y1), (x2,y2)]
title:str- title text
titleSize:float- title text scale [1.0]
font:str- title font
showValue:bool- if true current value is shown
delayed:bool- if True the callback is delayed to when the mouse is released
alpha:float- opacity of the scalar bar texts
sliderLength:float- slider length
sliderWidth:float- slider width
endCapLength:float- length of the end cap
endCapWidth:float- width of the end cap
tubeWidth:float- width of the tube
titleHeight:float- width of the title
tformat:str- format of the title
Hint: sliders1.py, sliders2.py
Expand source code
def addSlider2D( self, sliderfunc, xmin, xmax, value=None, pos=4, title="", font="", titleSize=1, c=None, showValue=True, delayed=False, **options, ): """ Add a slider widget which can call an external custom function. Parameters ---------- sliderfunc : external function to be called by the widget xmin : float lower value of the slider range xmax : float upper value of the slider range value : float current value of the slider range pos : list position corner number, horizontal [1-5] or vertical [11-15] it can also be specified by corners coordinates [(x1,y1), (x2,y2)] title : str title text titleSize : float title text scale [1.0] font : str title font showValue : bool if true current value is shown delayed : bool if True the callback is delayed to when the mouse is released alpha : float opacity of the scalar bar texts sliderLength : float slider length sliderWidth : float slider width endCapLength : float length of the end cap endCapWidth : float width of the end cap tubeWidth : float width of the tube titleHeight : float width of the title tformat : str format of the title .. hint:: [sliders1.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/tree/master/examples/basic/sliders1.py), sliders2.py ..image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/50738848-be033480-11d8-11e9-9b1a-c13105423a79.jpg """ return addons.addSlider2D(sliderfunc, xmin, xmax, value, pos, title, font, titleSize, c, showValue, delayed, **options) def addSlider3D(self, sliderfunc, pos1, pos2, xmin, xmax, value=None, s=0.03, t=1, title='', rotation=0, c=None, showValue=True)-
Add a 3D slider widget which can call an external custom function.
Parameters
sliderfunc:function- external function to be called by the widget
pos1:list- first position 3D coordinates
pos2:list- second position coordinates
xmin:float- lower value
xmax:float- upper value
value:float- initial value
s:float- label scaling factor
t:float- tube scaling factor
title:str- title text
c:color- slider color
rotation:float- title rotation around slider axis
showValue:bool- if True current value is shown
Hint: sliders3d.py
Expand source code
def addSlider3D( self, sliderfunc, pos1, pos2, xmin, xmax, value=None, s=0.03, t=1, title="", rotation=0, c=None, showValue=True, ): """Add a 3D slider widget which can call an external custom function. Parameters ---------- sliderfunc : function external function to be called by the widget pos1 : list first position 3D coordinates pos2 : list second position coordinates xmin : float lower value xmax : float upper value value : float initial value s : float label scaling factor t : float tube scaling factor title : str title text c : color slider color rotation : float title rotation around slider axis showValue : bool if True current value is shown .. hint:: [sliders3d.py](https://github.com/marcomusy/vedo/tree/master/examples/basic/sliders3d.py) ..image:: https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/32848391/52859555-4efcf200-312d-11e9-9290-6988c8295163.png """ return addons.addSlider3D( sliderfunc, pos1, pos2, xmin, xmax, value, s, t, title, rotation, c, showValue ) def addSplineTool(self, points, pc='k', ps=8, lc='r4', ac='g5', lw=2, closed=False, interactive=False)-
Add a spline tool to the current plotter. Nodes of the spline can be dragged in space with the mouse. Clicking on the line itself adds an extra point. Selecting a point and pressing del removes it.
Parameters
points:Mesh, Points, array- the set of vertices forming the spline nodes.
pc:str, optional- point color. The default is 'k'.
ps:str, optional- point size. The default is 8.
lc:str, optional- line color. The default is 'r4'.
ac:str, optional- active point marker color. The default is 'g5'.
lw:int, optional- line width. The default is 2.
closed:bool, optional- spline is meant to be closed. The default is False.
Returns
SplineTool object.
Hint: examples/basic/spline_tool.py
Expand source code
def addSplineTool(self, points, pc='k', ps=8, lc='r4', ac='g5', lw=2, closed=False, interactive=False): """ Add a spline tool to the current plotter. Nodes of the spline can be dragged in space with the mouse. Clicking on the line itself adds an extra point. Selecting a point and pressing del removes it. Parameters ---------- points : Mesh, Points, array the set of vertices forming the spline nodes. pc : str, optional point color. The default is 'k'. ps : str, optional point size. The default is 8. lc : str, optional line color. The default is 'r4'. ac : str, optional active point marker color. The default is 'g5'. lw : int, optional line width. The default is 2. closed : bool, optional spline is meant to be closed. The default is False. Returns ------- SplineTool object. .. hint:: examples/basic/spline_tool.py """ sw = addons.SplineTool(points, pc, ps, lc, ac, lw, closed) if self.interactor: sw.SetInteractor(self.interactor) else: vedo.logger.error("in addSplineTool(), No interactor found.") raise RuntimeError sw.On() sw.Initialize(sw.points.polydata()) if sw.closed: sw.representation.ClosedLoopOn() sw.representation.SetRenderer(self.renderer) sw.representation.BuildRepresentation() sw.Render() if interactive: self.interactor.Start() else: self.interactor.Render() return sw def allowInteraction(self)-
Call this method from inside a loop to allow mouse and keyboard interaction.
Expand source code
def allowInteraction(self): """Call this method from inside a loop to allow mouse and keyboard interaction.""" if self.interactor and self._timer_event_id is not None and settings.immediateRendering: self._repeatingtimer_id = self.interactor.CreateRepeatingTimer(1) self.interactor.Start() if self.interactor: self.interactor.DestroyTimer(self._repeatingtimer_id) self._repeatingtimer_id = None return self def at(self, nren, yren=None)-
Select the current renderer number as an int. Can also use the [nx, ny] format.
Expand source code
def at(self, nren, yren=None): """ Select the current renderer number as an int. Can also use the [nx, ny] format. """ if yren is not None: nren = (yren) * self.shape[1] + (nren) if nren < 0 or nren > len(self.renderers): vedo.logger.error(f"at({nren, yren}) is malformed!") raise RuntimeError self.renderer = self.renderers[nren] self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() return self def background(self, c1=None, c2=None, at=None)-
Set the color of the background for the current renderer. A different renderer index can be specified by keyword
at.Parameters
c1:list, optional- background main color.
c2:list, optional- background color for the upper part of the window.
at:int, optional- renderer index.
Expand source code
def background(self, c1=None, c2=None, at=None): """Set the color of the background for the current renderer. A different renderer index can be specified by keyword ``at``. Parameters ---------- c1 : list, optional background main color. c2 : list, optional background color for the upper part of the window. at : int, optional renderer index. """ if not len(self.renderers): return self if at is None: r = self.renderer else: r = self.renderers[at] if r: if c1 is not None: r.SetBackground(vedo.getColor(c1)) if c2 is not None: r.GradientBackgroundOn() r.SetBackground2(vedo.getColor(c2)) else: r.GradientBackgroundOff() return self def clear(self, actors=None, at=None)-
Delete specified list of actors, by default delete all.
Expand source code
def clear(self, actors=None, at=None): """Delete specified list of actors, by default delete all.""" if at is not None: renderer = self.renderers[at] else: renderer = self.renderer if not renderer: return self if actors is None: renderer.RemoveAllViewProps() self.actors = [] self.scalarbars = [] self.sliders = [] self.buttons = [] self.widgets = [] self.scalarbars = [] return self if not utils.isSequence(actors): actors = [actors] if len(actors): for a in actors: self.remove(a) elif self.renderer: self.actors = [] for a in self.getMeshes(): self.renderer.RemoveActor(a) for a in self.getVolumes(): self.renderer.RemoveVolume(a) for s in self.sliders: s.EnabledOff() for b in self.buttons: self.renderer.RemoveActor(b) for w in self.widgets: w.EnabledOff() for a in self.scalarbars: self.renderer.RemoveActor(a) self.scalarbars = [] return self def close(self)-
Close the Plotter instance and release resources.
Expand source code
def close(self): """Close the Plotter instance and release resources.""" self.closeWindow() self.actors = [] if vedo.plotter_instance == self: vedo.plotter_instance = None def closeWindow(self)-
Close the current or the input rendering window.
Hint: examples/basic/closewindow.py
Expand source code
def closeWindow(self): """Close the current or the input rendering window. .. hint:: examples/basic/closewindow.py """ for r in self.renderers: r.RemoveAllObservers() if hasattr(self, 'window') and self.window: if hasattr(self, 'interactor') and self.interactor: self.interactor.ExitCallback() try: self.interactor.SetDone(True) except AttributeError: pass self.interactor.TerminateApp() self.interactor = None self.window.Finalize() # this must be done here self.window = None return self def colorPicker(self, xy, verbose=False)-
Pick color of specific (x,y) pixel on the screen.
Expand source code
def colorPicker(self, xy, verbose=False): """Pick color of specific (x,y) pixel on the screen.""" w2if = vtk.vtkWindowToImageFilter() w2if.SetInput(self.window) w2if.ReadFrontBufferOff() w2if.Update() nx, ny = self.window.GetSize() varr = w2if.GetOutput().GetPointData().GetScalars() arr = utils.vtk2numpy(varr).reshape(ny,nx,3) x,y = int(xy[0]), int(xy[1]) if y < ny and x < nx: rgb = arr[y,x] if verbose: vedo.printc('Pixel', [x,y], 'has RGB[', end='') vedo.printc('█', c=[rgb[0],0,0], end='') vedo.printc('█', c=[0,rgb[1],0], end='') vedo.printc('█', c=[0,0,rgb[2]], end='') vedo.printc('] = ', end='') cnm = vedo.getColorName(rgb) if np.sum(rgb) < 150: vedo.printc(rgb.tolist(), vedo.colors.rgb2hex(np.array(rgb)/255), c='w', bc=rgb, invert=1, end='') vedo.printc(' -> '+cnm, invert=1, c='w') else: vedo.printc(rgb.tolist(), vedo.colors.rgb2hex(np.array(rgb)/255), c=rgb, end='') vedo.printc(' -> '+cnm, c=cnm) return rgb return None def computeWorldPosition(self, pos2d, at=None, objs=(), bounds=(), offset=None, pixeltol=None, worldtol=None)-
Transform a 2D point on the screen into a 3D point inside the rendering scene. If a set of meshes is passed then points are placed onto these.
Parameters
pos2d:list- 2D screen coordinates point.
at:int, optional- renderer number.
objs:list, optional- list of Mesh objects to project the point onto.
bounds:list, optional- specify a bounding box as [xmin,xmax, ymin,ymax, zmin,zmax].
offset:float, optional- specify an offset value.
pixeltol:int, optional- screen tolerance in pixels.
worldtol:float, optional- world coordinates tolerance.
Returns
numpy array- the point in 3D world coordinates.
Hint: examples/basic/cutFreeHand.py, examples/basic/mousehover3.py
Expand source code
def computeWorldPosition(self, pos2d, at=None, objs=(), bounds=(), offset=None, pixeltol=None, worldtol=None, ): """ Transform a 2D point on the screen into a 3D point inside the rendering scene. If a set of meshes is passed then points are placed onto these. Parameters ---------- pos2d : list 2D screen coordinates point. at : int, optional renderer number. objs : list, optional list of Mesh objects to project the point onto. bounds : list, optional specify a bounding box as [xmin,xmax, ymin,ymax, zmin,zmax]. offset : float, optional specify an offset value. pixeltol : int, optional screen tolerance in pixels. worldtol : float, optional world coordinates tolerance. Returns ------- numpy array the point in 3D world coordinates. .. hint:: examples/basic/cutFreeHand.py, examples/basic/mousehover3.py """ if at is not None: renderer = self.renderers[at] else: renderer = self.renderer if not objs: pp = vtk.vtkFocalPlanePointPlacer() else: pp = vtk.vtkPolygonalSurfacePointPlacer() for ob in objs: pp.AddProp(ob) if len(bounds)==6: pp.SetPointBounds(bounds) if pixeltol: pp.SetPixelTolerance(pixeltol) if worldtol: pp.SetWorldTolerance(worldtol) if offset: pp.SetOffset(offset) worldPos = [0,0,0] worldOrient = [0,0,0, 0,0,0, 0,0,0] pp.ComputeWorldPosition(renderer, pos2d, worldPos, worldOrient) # validw = pp.ValidateWorldPosition(worldPos, worldOrient) # validd = pp.ValidateDisplayPosition(renderer, pos2d) return np.array(worldPos) def enableErase(self, value=True)-
Enable erasing the redering window between render() calls.
Expand source code
def enableErase(self, value=True): """Enable erasing the redering window between render() calls.""" self.window.SetErase(value) return self def enableRenderer(self, at=None, value=True)-
Enable a render() call to refresh this renderer.
Expand source code
def enableRenderer(self, at=None, value=True): """Enable a render() call to refresh this renderer.""" if at is None: ren = self.renderer else: ren = self.renderers[at] ren.SetDraw(value) return self def export(self, filename='scene.npz', binary=False)-
Export scene to file to HTML, X3D or Numpy file.
Hint: examples/other/export_x3d.py, examples/other/export_numpy.py
Expand source code
def export(self, filename='scene.npz', binary=False): """Export scene to file to HTML, X3D or Numpy file. .. hint:: examples/other/export_x3d.py, examples/other/export_numpy.py """ vedo.io.exportWindow(filename, binary=binary) return self def flyTo(self, point, at=0)-
Fly camera to the specified point.
Parameters
point:list- point in space to place camera.
at:int, optional- Renderer number.
Example
.. code-block:: python
from vedo import Cone Cone().show(axes=1).flyTo([1,0,0]).show()Expand source code
def flyTo(self, point, at=0): """ Fly camera to the specified point. Parameters ---------- point : list point in space to place camera. at : int, optional Renderer number. Example: .. code-block:: python from vedo import Cone Cone().show(axes=1).flyTo([1,0,0]).show() """ self.resetcam = False self.interactor.FlyTo(self.renderers[at], point) return self def getMeshes(self, at=None, includeNonPickables=False)-
Return a list of Meshes from the specified renderer.
Parameters
at:int- specify which renderer to look at.
includeNonPickables:bool- include non-pickable objects
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def getMeshes(self, at=None, includeNonPickables=False): """ Return a list of Meshes from the specified renderer. Parameters ---------- at : int specify which renderer to look at. includeNonPickables : bool include non-pickable objects """ if at is None: renderer = self.renderer at = self.renderers.index(renderer) elif isinstance(at, int): renderer = self.renderers[at] has_global_axes = False if isinstance(self.axes_instances[at], vedo.Assembly): has_global_axes=True actors = [] acs = renderer.GetActors() acs.InitTraversal() for i in range(acs.GetNumberOfItems()): a = acs.GetNextItem() if isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume): continue if includeNonPickables or a.GetPickable(): if a == self.axes_instances[at]: continue if has_global_axes and a in self.axes_instances[at].actors: continue actors.append(a) return actors def getVolumes(self, at=None, includeNonPickables=False)-
Return a list of Volumes from the specified renderer.
Parameters
at:int- specify which renderer to look at
includeNonPickables:bool- include non-pickable objects
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def getVolumes(self, at=None, includeNonPickables=False): """ Return a list of Volumes from the specified renderer. Parameters ---------- at : int specify which renderer to look at includeNonPickables : bool include non-pickable objects """ if at is None: renderer = self.renderer at = self.renderers.index(renderer) elif isinstance(at, int): renderer = self.renderers[at] vols = [] acs = renderer.GetVolumes() acs.InitTraversal() for i in range(acs.GetNumberOfItems()): a = acs.GetNextItem() if includeNonPickables or a.GetPickable(): vols.append(a) return vols def interactive(self)-
Start window interaction. Analogous to show(…, interactive=True).
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def interactive(self): """ Start window interaction. Analogous to show(..., interactive=True). """ if self.interactor and not self.escaped: self.interactor.Start() return self def lookAt(self, plane='xy')-
Move the camera so that it looks the specified cartesian plane
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def lookAt(self, plane='xy'): """Move the camera so that it looks the specified cartesian plane""" cam = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() fp = np.array(cam.GetFocalPoint()) p = np.array(cam.GetPosition()) dist = np.linalg.norm(fp - p) plane = plane.lower() if 'x' in plane and 'y' in plane: cam.SetPosition(fp[0], fp[1], fp[2] + dist) cam.SetViewUp(0.0, 1.0, 0.0) elif 'x' in plane and 'z' in plane: cam.SetPosition(fp[0], fp[1] - dist, fp[2]) cam.SetViewUp(0.0, 0.0, 1.0) elif 'y' in plane and 'z' in plane: cam.SetPosition(fp[0] + dist, fp[1], fp[2]) cam.SetViewUp(0.0, 0.0, 1.0) else: vedo.logger.error(f"in plotter.look() cannot understand argument {plane}") return self def moveCamera(self, camstart, camstop, fraction)-
Takes as input two vtkCamera objects and set camera at an intermediate position:
fraction=0 -> camstart, fraction=1 -> camstop.
camstart and camstop can also be dictionaries of format:
dict(pos=..., focalPoint=..., viewup=..., distance=..., clippingRange=...)Press shift-C key in interactive mode to dump a python snipplet of parameters for the current camera view.
Expand source code
def moveCamera(self, camstart, camstop, fraction): """ Takes as input two vtkCamera objects and set camera at an intermediate position: fraction=0 -> camstart, fraction=1 -> camstop. camstart and camstop can also be dictionaries of format: dict(pos=..., focalPoint=..., viewup=..., distance=..., clippingRange=...) Press shift-C key in interactive mode to dump a python snipplet of parameters for the current camera view. """ if fraction > 1: fraction = 1 if fraction < 0: fraction = 0 if isinstance(camstart, dict): p1 = np.asarray(camstart.pop("pos", [0,0,1])) f1 = np.asarray(camstart.pop("focalPoint", [0,0,0])) v1 = np.asarray(camstart.pop("viewup", [0,1,0])) s1 = camstart.pop("distance", None) c1 = np.asarray(camstart.pop("clippingRange", None)) else: p1 = np.array(camstart.GetPosition()) f1 = np.array(camstart.GetFocalPoint()) v1 = np.array(camstart.GetViewUp()) c1 = np.array(camstart.GetClippingRange()) s1 = camstart.GetDistance() if isinstance(camstop, dict): p2 = np.asarray(camstop.pop("pos", [0,0,1])) f2 = np.asarray(camstop.pop("focalPoint", [0,0,0])) v2 = np.asarray(camstop.pop("viewup", [0,1,0])) s2 = camstop.pop("distance", None) c2 = np.asarray(camstop.pop("clippingRange", None)) else: p2 = np.array(camstop.GetPosition()) f2 = np.array(camstop.GetFocalPoint()) v2 = np.array(camstop.GetViewUp()) c2 = np.array(camstop.GetClippingRange()) s2 = camstop.GetDistance() ufraction = 1 - fraction self.camera.SetPosition( p2 * fraction + p1 * ufraction) self.camera.SetFocalPoint(f2 * fraction + f1 * ufraction) self.camera.SetViewUp (v2 * fraction + v1 * ufraction) if s1 is not None and s2 is not None : self.camera.SetDistance(s2 * fraction + s1 * ufraction) if c1 is not None and c2 is not None: self.camera.SetClippingRange(c2 * fraction + c1 * ufraction) return self def parallelProjection(self, value=True, at=None)-
Use parallel projection
ata specified renderer. Object is seen from "infinite" distance, e.i. remove any perspective effects. An input value equal to -1 will toggle it on/off.Expand source code
def parallelProjection(self, value=True, at=None): """ Use parallel projection ``at`` a specified renderer. Object is seen from "infinite" distance, e.i. remove any perspective effects. An input value equal to -1 will toggle it on/off. """ if at is not None: r = self.renderers[at] else: r = self.renderer if value == -1: val = r.GetActiveCamera().GetParallelProjection() value = not val r.GetActiveCamera().SetParallelProjection(value) r.Modified() return self def play(self, events='.vedo_recorded_events.log', repeats=0)-
Play camera, mouse, keystrokes and all other events.
Parameters
events:str, optional- file o string of events. The default is '.vedo_recorded_events.log'.
repeats:int, optional- number of extra repeats of the same events. The default is 0.
Hint: examples/basic/record_play.py
Expand source code
def play(self, events='.vedo_recorded_events.log', repeats=0): """ Play camera, mouse, keystrokes and all other events. Parameters ---------- events : str, optional file o string of events. The default is '.vedo_recorded_events.log'. repeats : int, optional number of extra repeats of the same events. The default is 0. .. hint:: examples/basic/record_play.py """ erec = vtk.vtkInteractorEventRecorder() erec.SetInteractor(self.interactor) if events.endswith(".log"): erec.ReadFromInputStringOff() erec.SetFileName(events) else: erec.ReadFromInputStringOn() erec.SetInputString(events) erec.Play() for _i in range(repeats): erec.Rewind() erec.Play() erec.EnabledOff() erec = None return self def pop(self, at=None)-
Remove the last added object from the rendering window. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions.
Expand source code
def pop(self, at=None): """ Remove the last added object from the rendering window. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions. """ if at is not None and not isinstance(at, int): # wrong usage pitfall vedo.logger.error("argment of pop() must be an integer") raise RuntimeError() if len(self.actors): self.remove(self.actors[-1], at) return self def record(self, filename='.vedo_recorded_events.log')-
Record camera, mouse, keystrokes and all other events. Recording can be toggled on/off by pressing key "R".
Parameters
filename:str, optional- ascii file to store events. The default is '.vedo_recorded_events.log'.
Returns
events:str- a string descriptor of events.
Hint: examples/basic/record_play.py
Expand source code
def record(self, filename='.vedo_recorded_events.log'): """ Record camera, mouse, keystrokes and all other events. Recording can be toggled on/off by pressing key "R". Parameters ---------- filename : str, optional ascii file to store events. The default is '.vedo_recorded_events.log'. Returns ------- events : str a string descriptor of events. .. hint:: examples/basic/record_play.py """ erec = vtk.vtkInteractorEventRecorder() erec.SetInteractor(self.interactor) erec.SetFileName(filename) erec.SetKeyPressActivationValue("R") erec.EnabledOn() erec.Record() self.interactor.Start() erec.Stop() erec.EnabledOff() with open(filename, 'r') as fl: events = fl.read() erec = None return events def remove(self, *actors, at=None, render=False, resetcam=False)-
Remove input object to the internal list of actors to be shown. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions.
Parameters
at:int- remove the object at the specified renderer
render:bool- render the scene after removing the objects (False by default).
Expand source code
def remove(self, *actors, at=None, render=False, resetcam=False): """ Remove input object to the internal list of actors to be shown. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions. Parameters ---------- at : int remove the object at the specified renderer render : bool render the scene after removing the objects (False by default). """ if at is not None: ren = self.renderers[at] else: ren = self.renderer actors = utils.flatten(actors) for a in actors: if isinstance(a, str): for b in self.actors: if hasattr(b, "name") and a in b.name: a = b break if isinstance(a, str): continue # did not find that name so skip if ren: ren.RemoveActor(a) if hasattr(a, 'renderedAt'): ir = self.renderers.index(ren) a.renderedAt.discard(ir) if hasattr(a, 'scalarbar') and a.scalarbar: ren.RemoveActor(a.scalarbar) if hasattr(a, 'trail') and a.trail: ren.RemoveActor(a.trail) a.trailPoints = [] if a in self.actors: i = self.actors.index(a) del self.actors[i] if render: if not self.interactor.GetInitialized(): vedo.logger.warning("call to remove(resetcam=True) but Plotter was not initialized with show()") else: self.render(resetcam=resetcam) return self def removeCallback(self, cid)-
Remove a callback function by its id or a whole category of callbacks by their name.
Parameters
cid:int, str- Unique id of the callback. If an event name is passed all callbacks of that type are removed.
Expand source code
def removeCallback(self, cid): """ Remove a callback function by its id or a whole category of callbacks by their name. Parameters ---------- cid : int, str Unique id of the callback. If an event name is passed all callbacks of that type are removed. """ if self.interactor: if isinstance(cid, str): # as vtk names are ugly and difficult to remember: ln = cid.lower() if "click" in ln or "button" in ln: cid="LeftButtonPress" if "right" in ln: cid="RightButtonPress" elif "mid" in ln: cid="MiddleButtonPress" if "release" in ln: cid.replace("Press","Release") else: if "key" in ln: if 'release' in ln: cid="KeyRelease" else: cid="KeyPress" if ("mouse" in ln and "mov" in ln) or "over" in ln: cid="MouseMove" if "timer" in ln: cid="Timer" if not cid.endswith('Event'): cid += 'Event' self.interactor.RemoveObservers(cid) else: self.interactor.RemoveObserver(cid) return self def render(self, resetcam=False)-
Render the scene. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions.
Expand source code
def render(self, resetcam=False): """Render the scene. This method is typically used in loops or callback functions.""" if not self.window: return self if self.wxWidget: if resetcam: self.renderer.ResetCamera() self.wxWidget.Render() return self if self.qtWidget: if resetcam: self.renderer.ResetCamera() self.qtWidget.Render() return self if self.interactor: if not self.interactor.GetInitialized(): self.interactor.Initialize() # if at is not None: # disable all except i==at # self.window.EraseOff() # if at < 0: # at = at + len(self.renderers) +1 # for i, ren in enumerate(self.renderers): # if i != at: # ren.DrawOff() if vedo.vtk_version[0] == 9 and "Darwin" in vedo.sys_platform: for a in self.actors: if isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume): self.window.SetMultiSamples(0) # to fix mac OSX BUG vtk9 break self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() if resetcam: self.renderer.ResetCamera() if settings.allowInteraction: self.allowInteraction() self.window.Render() # if at is not None: # re-enable all that were disabled # for i, ren in enumerate(self.renderers): # if i != at: # ren.DrawOn() # self.window.EraseOn() return self def resetCamera(self, tight=None)-
Reset the camera position and zooming. If tight is specified the zooming reserves a padding space in the xy-plane expressed in percent of the average size.
Expand source code
def resetCamera(self, tight=None): """ Reset the camera position and zooming. If tight is specified the zooming reserves a padding space in the xy-plane expressed in percent of the average size. """ if tight is None: self.renderer.ResetCamera() else: x0, x1, y0, y1, z0, z1 = self.renderer.ComputeVisiblePropBounds() cam = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() cam.SetParallelProjection(True) self.renderer.ComputeAspect() aspect = self.renderer.GetAspect() angle = np.pi*cam.GetViewAngle()/180. dx, dy = (x1-x0)*0.999, (y1-y0)*0.999 dist = max(dx/aspect[0], dy) / np.sin(angle/2) / 2 cam.SetViewUp(0, 1, 0) cam.SetPosition(x0 + dx/2, y0 + dy/2, dist*(1+tight)) cam.SetFocalPoint(x0 + dx/2, y0 + dy/2, 0) ps = max(dx/aspect[0], dy) / 2 cam.SetParallelScale(ps*(1+tight)) self.renderer.ResetCameraClippingRange(x0, x1, y0, y1, z0, z1) return self def screenshot(self, filename='screenshot.png', scale=None, asarray=False)-
Take a screenshot of the Plotter window.
Parameters
scale:int- set image magnification as an integer multiplicating factor
asarray:bool- return a numpy array of the image instead of writing a file
Expand source code
def screenshot(self, filename='screenshot.png', scale=None, asarray=False): """Take a screenshot of the Plotter window. Parameters ---------- scale : int set image magnification as an integer multiplicating factor asarray : bool return a numpy array of the image instead of writing a file """ retval = vedo.io.screenshot(filename, scale, asarray) return retval def show(self, *actors, at=None, axes=None, resetcam=None, zoom=False, interactive=None, viewup='', azimuth=0, elevation=0, roll=0, camera=None, mode=0, rate=None, bg=None, bg2=None, size=None, title=None, q=False)-
Render a list of actors.
Parameters
at:int, optional- number of the renderer to plot to, in case of more than one exists
shape:list, str, optional-
Number of sub-render windows inside of the main window. E.g.: specify two across with shape=(2,1) and a two by two grid with shape=(2, 2). By default there is only one renderer.
Can also accept a shape as string descriptor. E.g.:
- shape="3|1" means 3 plots on the left and 1 on the right,
- shape="4/2" means 4 plots on top of 2 at bottom.
axes:int, optional-
set the type of axes to be shown:
- 0, no axes
- 1, draw three gray grid walls
- 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0)
- 4, show a triad at bottom left
- 5, show a cube at bottom left
- 6, mark the corners of the bounding box
- 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes
- 8, show the vtkCubeAxesActor object
- 9, show the bounding box outLine
- 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box
- 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane
- 12, show polar axes
- 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window
Axis type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary. Check addons.Axes() for the full list of options.
azimuth/elevation/roll : float, optional move camera accordingly the specified value
viewup:str, list- either ['x', 'y', 'z'] or a vector to set vertical direction
resetcam:bool- re-adjust camera position to fit objects
camera:dict, vtkCamera-
camera parameters can further be specified with a dictionary assigned to the
camerakeyword (E.g.show(camera={'pos':(1,2,3), 'thickness':1000,}))-
pos,
(list), the position of the camera in world coordinates -
focalPoint
(list), the focal point of the camera in world coordinates -
viewup
(list), the view up direction for the camera -
distance
(float), set the focal point to the specified distance from the camera position. -
clippingRange
(float), distance of the near and far clipping planes along the direction of projection. -
parallelScale
(float), scaling used for a parallel projection, i.e. the height of the viewport in world-coordinate distances. The default is 1. Note that the "scale" parameter works as an "inverse scale", larger numbers produce smaller images. This method has no effect in perspective projection mode. -
thickness
(float), set the distance between clipping planes. This method adjusts the far clipping plane to be set a distance 'thickness' beyond the near clipping plane. -
viewAngle
(float), the camera view angle, which is the angular height of the camera view measured in degrees. The default angle is 30 degrees. This method has no effect in parallel projection mode. The formula for setting the angle up for perfect perspective viewing is: angle = 2*atan((h/2)/d) where h is the height of the RenderWindow (measured by holding a ruler up to your screen) and d is the distance from your eyes to the screen.
-
interactive:bool- pause and interact with window (True) or continue execution (False)
rate:float- maximum rate of
show()in Hertz mode:int, str-
set the type of interaction
- 0 = TrackballCamera [default]
- 1 = TrackballActor
- 2 = JoystickCamera
- 3 = JoystickActor
- 4 = Flight
- 5 = RubberBand2D
- 6 = RubberBand3D
- 7 = RubberBandZoom
- 8 = Context
- 9 = 3D
- 10 = Terrain
- 11 = Unicam
q:bool- force program to quit after
show()command returns.
Expand source code
def show(self, *actors, at=None, axes=None, resetcam=None, zoom=False, interactive=None, viewup="", azimuth=0, elevation=0, roll=0, camera=None, mode=0, rate=None, bg=None, bg2=None, size=None, title=None, q=False, ): """ Render a list of actors. Parameters ---------- at : int, optional number of the renderer to plot to, in case of more than one exists shape : list, str, optional Number of sub-render windows inside of the main window. E.g.: specify two across with shape=(2,1) and a two by two grid with shape=(2, 2). By default there is only one renderer. Can also accept a shape as string descriptor. E.g.: - shape="3|1" means 3 plots on the left and 1 on the right, - shape="4/2" means 4 plots on top of 2 at bottom. axes : int, optional set the type of axes to be shown: - 0, no axes - 1, draw three gray grid walls - 2, show cartesian axes from (0,0,0) - 3, show positive range of cartesian axes from (0,0,0) - 4, show a triad at bottom left - 5, show a cube at bottom left - 6, mark the corners of the bounding box - 7, draw a 3D ruler at each side of the cartesian axes - 8, show the vtkCubeAxesActor object - 9, show the bounding box outLine - 10, show three circles representing the maximum bounding box - 11, show a large grid on the x-y plane - 12, show polar axes - 13, draw a simple ruler at the bottom of the window Axis type-1 can be fully customized by passing a dictionary. Check addons.Axes() for the full list of options. azimuth/elevation/roll : float, optional move camera accordingly the specified value viewup: str, list either ['x', 'y', 'z'] or a vector to set vertical direction resetcam : bool re-adjust camera position to fit objects camera : dict, vtkCamera camera parameters can further be specified with a dictionary assigned to the ``camera`` keyword (E.g. `show(camera={'pos':(1,2,3), 'thickness':1000,})`) - pos, `(list)`, the position of the camera in world coordinates - focalPoint `(list)`, the focal point of the camera in world coordinates - viewup `(list)`, the view up direction for the camera - distance `(float)`, set the focal point to the specified distance from the camera position. - clippingRange `(float)`, distance of the near and far clipping planes along the direction of projection. - parallelScale `(float)`, scaling used for a parallel projection, i.e. the height of the viewport in world-coordinate distances. The default is 1. Note that the "scale" parameter works as an "inverse scale", larger numbers produce smaller images. This method has no effect in perspective projection mode. - thickness `(float)`, set the distance between clipping planes. This method adjusts the far clipping plane to be set a distance 'thickness' beyond the near clipping plane. - viewAngle `(float)`, the camera view angle, which is the angular height of the camera view measured in degrees. The default angle is 30 degrees. This method has no effect in parallel projection mode. The formula for setting the angle up for perfect perspective viewing is: angle = 2*atan((h/2)/d) where h is the height of the RenderWindow (measured by holding a ruler up to your screen) and d is the distance from your eyes to the screen. interactive : bool pause and interact with window (True) or continue execution (False) rate : float maximum rate of `show()` in Hertz mode : int, str set the type of interaction - 0 = TrackballCamera [default] - 1 = TrackballActor - 2 = JoystickCamera - 3 = JoystickActor - 4 = Flight - 5 = RubberBand2D - 6 = RubberBand3D - 7 = RubberBandZoom - 8 = Context - 9 = 3D - 10 = Terrain - 11 = Unicam q : bool force program to quit after `show()` command returns. """ if self.wxWidget: return self # check if the widow needs to be closed (ESC button was hit) if self.escaped: if not self.window: return self # do nothing, just return self (was already closed) for r in self.renderers: r.RemoveAllObservers() self.closeWindow() return self if len(self.renderers): # in case of notebooks if at is None: at = self.renderers.index(self.renderer) else: if at >= len(self.renderers): t = f"trying to show(at={at}) but only {len(self.renderers)} renderers exist" vedo.logger.error(t) return self self.renderer = self.renderers[at] if title is not None: self.title = title if size is not None: self.size = size if self.size[0] == 'f': # full screen self.size = 'fullscreen' self.window.SetFullScreen(True) self.window.BordersOn() else: self.window.SetSize(int(self.size[0]), int(self.size[1])) if not vedo.notebookBackend: if str(bg).endswith(".hdr"): self._addSkybox(bg) else: if bg is not None: self.backgrcol = vedo.getColor(bg) self.renderer.SetBackground(self.backgrcol) if bg2 is not None: self.renderer.GradientBackgroundOn() self.renderer.SetBackground2(vedo.getColor(bg2)) if axes is not None: if isinstance(axes, vedo.Assembly): # user passing show(..., axes=myaxes) actors = list(actors) actors.append(axes) # move it into the list of normal things to show axes = 0 self.axes = axes if self.offscreen: interactive = False self._interactive = False if camera is not None: self.resetcam = False if isinstance(camera, vtk.vtkCamera): self.camera = camera if resetcam is not None: self.resetcam = resetcam # if user passes a list of actors forget about everithing and show those if len(actors) == 0: actors = None elif len(actors) == 1: actors = actors[0] else: actors = utils.flatten(actors) actors2show = [] if actors is not None: self.actors = [] actors2show = self._scan_input(actors) for a in actors2show: if a not in self.actors: self.actors.append(a) # update all trailing lines for a in self.actors: try: if a.trail: a._updateTrail() except AttributeError: pass # Backend ############################################################### if vedo.notebookBackend: if vedo.notebookBackend in ['k3d', 'ipygany', 'itkwidgets']: return backends.getNotebookBackend(self.actors, zoom, viewup) ######################################################################### # remove all old shadows from the scene shad_acs = self.renderer.GetActors() shad_acs.InitTraversal() for i in range(shad_acs.GetNumberOfItems()): a = shad_acs.GetNextItem() try: if a.name == "Shadow": self.renderer.RemoveActor(a) except AttributeError: pass # rendering for ia in actors2show: if not ia: continue self.renderer.AddActor(ia) if isinstance(ia, vedo.base.Base3DProp): if ia._set2actcam: ia.SetCamera(self.camera) # used by mesh.followCamera() ia.renderedAt.add(at) # set.add() if ia.scalarbar: self.renderer.AddActor(ia.scalarbar) # fix gray color labels and title to white or black if isinstance(ia.scalarbar, vtk.vtkScalarBarActor): ltc = np.array(ia.scalarbar.GetLabelTextProperty().GetColor()) if np.linalg.norm(ltc-(.5,.5,.5))/3 < 0.05: c = (0.9, 0.9, 0.9) if np.sum(self.renderer.GetBackground()) > 1.5: c = (0.1, 0.1, 0.1) ia.scalarbar.GetLabelTextProperty().SetColor(c) ia.scalarbar.GetTitleTextProperty().SetColor(c) if ia.scalarbar not in self.scalarbars: self.scalarbars.append(ia.scalarbar) if (self.interactor and not self.offscreen and not (vedo.vtk_version[0] == 9 and "Linux" in vedo.sys_platform) # Linux vtk9 is bugged ): #check balloons if ia.flagText: if not self.flagWidget: # Create widget on the fly self._flagRep = vtk.vtkBalloonRepresentation() self._flagRep.SetBalloonLayoutToImageRight() breppr = self._flagRep.GetTextProperty() breppr.SetFontFamily(vtk.VTK_FONT_FILE) breppr.SetFontFile(utils.getFontPath(settings.flagFont)) breppr.SetFontSize(settings.flagFontSize) breppr.SetColor(vedo.getColor(settings.flagColor)) breppr.SetBackgroundColor(vedo.getColor(settings.flagBackgroundColor)) breppr.SetShadow(settings.flagShadow) breppr.SetJustification(settings.flagJustification) breppr.UseTightBoundingBoxOn() if settings.flagAngle: breppr.SetOrientation(settings.flagAngle) breppr.SetBackgroundOpacity(0) self.flagWidget = vtk.vtkBalloonWidget() self.flagWidget.SetTimerDuration(settings.flagDelay) self.flagWidget.ManagesCursorOff() self.flagWidget.SetRepresentation(self._flagRep) self.flagWidget.SetInteractor(self.interactor) self.widgets.append(self.flagWidget) bst = self.flagWidget.GetBalloonString(ia) if bst: if bst != ia.flagText: self.flagWidget.UpdateBalloonString(ia, ia.flagText) else: self.flagWidget.AddBalloon(ia, ia.flagText) if ia.flagText is False and self.flagWidget: self.flagWidget.RemoveBalloon(ia) if interactive is not None: self._interactive = interactive if self.interactor: if not self.interactor.GetInitialized(): self.interactor.Initialize() self.interactor.RemoveObservers("CharEvent") self.camera = self.renderer.GetActiveCamera() self.camera.SetParallelProjection(settings.useParallelProjection) if self.sharecam: for r in self.renderers: r.SetActiveCamera(self.camera) if self.qtWidget is not None: self.qtWidget.GetRenderWindow().AddRenderer(self.renderer) if vedo.vtk_version[0] == 9 and "Darwin" in vedo.sys_platform: for a in self.actors: if isinstance(a, vtk.vtkVolume): self.window.SetMultiSamples(0) # to fix mac OSX BUG vtk9 break if self.axes is not None: if viewup != "2d" or self.axes in [1, 8] or isinstance(self.axes, dict): addons.addGlobalAxes(self.axes) # panel ################################################################# if vedo.notebookBackend in ["panel","ipyvtk"]: return backends.getNotebookBackend(0, 0, 0) ######################################################################### if self.resetcam: self.renderer.ResetCamera() if len(self.renderers) > 1: self.frames = self.addRendererFrame() if self.flagWidget: self.flagWidget.EnabledOn() if zoom: if zoom == "tight": self.resetCamera(tight=0.04) elif zoom == "tightest": self.resetCamera(tight=0.0001) else: self.camera.Zoom(zoom) if elevation: self.camera.Elevation(elevation) if azimuth: self.camera.Azimuth(azimuth) if roll: self.camera.Roll(roll) if self._first_viewup and len(viewup): self._first_viewup = False # gets executed only once if viewup == "x": self.camera.SetViewUp([1, 0.001, 0]) elif viewup == "y": self.camera.SetViewUp([0.001, 1, 0]) elif viewup == "z": b = self.renderer.ComputeVisiblePropBounds() self.camera.SetViewUp([0, 0.001, 1]) cm = [(b[1]+b[0])/2, (b[3]+b[2])/2, (b[5]+b[4])/2] sz = np.array([(b[1]-b[0])*0.7, -(b[3]-b[2])*1.0, (b[5]-b[4])*1.2]) self.camera.SetPosition(cm+2*sz) elif viewup == "2d": mode = 12 if isinstance(camera, dict): camera = dict(camera) # make a copy so input is not emptied by pop() cm_pos = camera.pop("pos", None) cm_focalPoint = camera.pop("focalPoint", None) cm_viewup = camera.pop("viewup", None) cm_distance = camera.pop("distance", None) cm_clippingRange = camera.pop("clippingRange", None) cm_parallelScale = camera.pop("parallelScale", None) cm_thickness = camera.pop("thickness", None) cm_viewAngle = camera.pop("viewAngle", None) if len(camera.keys()): vedo.logger.warning(f"in show(cam=...), key(s) not recognized: {camera.keys()}") if cm_pos is not None: self.camera.SetPosition(cm_pos) if cm_focalPoint is not None: self.camera.SetFocalPoint(cm_focalPoint) if cm_viewup is not None: self.camera.SetViewUp(cm_viewup) if cm_distance is not None: self.camera.SetDistance(cm_distance) if cm_clippingRange is not None: self.camera.SetClippingRange(cm_clippingRange) if cm_parallelScale is not None: self.camera.SetParallelScale(cm_parallelScale) if cm_thickness is not None: self.camera.SetThickness(cm_thickness) if cm_viewAngle is not None: self.camera.SetViewAngle(cm_viewAngle) self.renderer.ResetCameraClippingRange() if settings.immediateRendering: self.window.Render() ##################### <-------------- Render self.window.SetWindowName(self.title) # 2d #################################################################### if vedo.notebookBackend == "2d": return backends.getNotebookBackend(0, 0, 0) ######################################################################### if self.interactor: # can be offscreen.. if settings.allowInteraction: self.allowInteraction() # Set the style of interaction # see https://vtk.org/doc/nightly/html/classvtkInteractorStyle.html if mode == 0 or mode == "TrackballCamera": #csty = self.interactor.GetInteractorStyle().GetCurrentStyle().GetClassName() #if "TrackballCamera" not in csty: # this causes problems (when pressing 3 eg) : if self.qtWidget: self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera()) elif mode == 1 or mode == "TrackballActor": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTrackballActor()) elif mode == 2 or mode == "JoystickCamera": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleJoystickCamera()) elif mode == 3 or mode == "JoystickActor": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleJoystickActor()) elif mode == 4 or mode == "Flight": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleFlight()) elif mode == 5 or mode == "RubberBand2D": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleRubberBand2D()) elif mode == 6 or mode == "RubberBand3D": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleRubberBand3D()) elif mode == 7 or mode == "RubberBandZoom": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleRubberBandZoom()) elif mode == 8 or mode == "Context": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkContextInteractorStyle()) elif mode == 9 or mode == "3D": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyle3D()) elif mode ==10 or mode == "Terrain": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleTerrain()) elif mode ==11 or mode == "Unicam": self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(vtk.vtkInteractorStyleUnicam()) elif mode ==12 or mode == "Image" or mode == "image": astyle = vtk.vtkInteractorStyleImage() astyle.SetInteractionModeToImage3D() self.interactor.SetInteractorStyle(astyle) if self._interactive: self.interactor.Start() if rate: if self.clock is None: # set clock and limit rate self._clockt0 = time.time() self.clock = 0.0 else: t = time.time() - self._clockt0 elapsed = t - self.clock mint = 1.0 / rate if elapsed < mint: time.sleep(mint - elapsed) self.clock = time.time() - self._clockt0 if q: # exit python kernel sys.exit(0) return self def timerCallback(self, action, timerId=None, dt=10, oneShot=False)-
Activate or destroy an existing Timer Event callback.
Parameters
action:str- Either "create" or "destroy"
timerId:int- When destroying the timer, the ID of the timer as returned when created
dt:int- time in milliseconds between each repeated call
oneShot:bool- create a one shot timer of prescribed duration instead of a repeating one
Hint: examples/advanced/timer_callback1.py, examples/advanced/timer_callback2.py
Expand source code
def timerCallback(self, action, timerId=None, dt=10, oneShot=False): """ Activate or destroy an existing Timer Event callback. Parameters ---------- action : str Either "create" or "destroy" timerId : int When destroying the timer, the ID of the timer as returned when created dt : int time in milliseconds between each repeated call oneShot: bool create a one shot timer of prescribed duration instead of a repeating one .. hint:: examples/advanced/timer_callback1.py, examples/advanced/timer_callback2.py """ if action == "create": if oneShot: timer_id = self.interactor.CreateOneShotTimer(dt) else: timer_id = self.interactor.CreateRepeatingTimer(dt) return timer_id elif action == "destroy": if timerId is not None: self.interactor.DestroyTimer(timerId) else: e = "in plotter.timer(). Cannot understand action:\n" e+= " allowed actions: [create, destroy]" vedo.logger.error(e) return self def topicture(self, scale=None)-
Generate a Picture object from the current rendering window.
Parameters
scale:int- set image magnification as an integer multiplicating factor
Expand source code
def topicture(self, scale=None): """Generate a Picture object from the current rendering window. Parameters ---------- scale : int set image magnification as an integer multiplicating factor """ if scale is None: scale = settings.screeshotScale if settings.screeshotLargeImage: w2if = vtk.vtkRenderLargeImage() w2if.SetInput(self.renderer) w2if.SetMagnification(scale) else: w2if = vtk.vtkWindowToImageFilter() w2if.SetInput(self.window) if hasattr(w2if, 'SetScale'): w2if.SetScale(scale, scale) if settings.screenshotTransparentBackground: w2if.SetInputBufferTypeToRGBA() w2if.ReadFrontBufferOff() # read from the back buffer w2if.Update() return vedo.picture.Picture(w2if.GetOutput()) def useDepthPeeling(self, at=None, value=True)-
Specify whether use depth peeling algorithm at this specific renderer Call this method before the first rendering.
Expand source code
def useDepthPeeling(self, at=None, value=True): """ Specify whether use depth peeling algorithm at this specific renderer Call this method before the first rendering. """ if at is None: ren = self.renderer else: ren = self.renderers[at] ren.SetUseDepthPeeling(value) return self